湛江市农村地区社会稳定和治安问题研究

湛江市位于我国大陆的最南端,农村面积大,农业人口多,农村的社会秩序和治安状况对全市治安稳定至关重要。湛江农村最为突出的问题是黑恶势力犯罪、涉枪案件、涉毒涉赌、征地拆迁补偿、土地权属纠纷和修路以及民风民俗活动引发的群体性事件、精神病人作案和交通事故引发的事件等7方面。影响湛江市农村地区社会稳定和治安秩序问题的成因主要有：经济社会发展失衡;基层政权组织软弱涣散;一些历史遗留问题积重难返;黑恶势力坐大成势,打击难度大;农村派出所力量薄弱和精神文明建设滞后,群众素质低等。解决湛江农村地区的社会稳定和治安问题,根本出路在于不断深化经济社会改革,推进农村精神文明建设和物质文明建设。而当务之急,必须明确维护稳定和治安秩序的责任制,加强基层政府和群众自治性组织建设,大力开展整治活动,不断提高农村社会管理能力和水平,这样才能使湛江农村地区逐步走向有序。     

Governing the Water Use in the Greater Richmond Area: Dispute and Resolution

This study probes into the governing issues centering around the water use dispute and resolution between Richmond City and Henrico County in the Greater Richmond area, Virginia. For a variety of reasons, Richmond City strongly opposed the initiative by Henrico County to construct and operate its own water treatment plant in 1987. As a result of rigorous multi-party planning, mediation, and negotiation processes, Richmond City and Henrico County finally reached a compromise settlement in 1994. This study concludes that mediating and resolving public policy disputes between localities within the metropolitan area is a highly complicated and politically charged process, which can involve different levels of government, business community elites, and other stakeholders; driven by their common interests, the public-private intersectoral boundaries are increasingly blurred; and a planning process blends both political and technical factors together. In this case, the Henrico County's newly proposed water treatment plant project was environmentally cleared by the Water Review Panel's technical report.     

DIFFERENCES IN LEARNING PRACTICES AND VALUES IN NORTH–SOUTH CITY PARTNERSHIPS: TOWARDS A BROADER UNDERSTANDING OF MUTUALITY

This article addresses twinning between local governments in North and South, contributing to the past decade's discourse on institutional twinning in this journal. Local governments have increasingly become recognised as relevant actors in international development cooperation through city‐to‐city cooperation structures, which have been praised as an effective mechanism for local government capacity building. This article discusses the learning practices and the extent to which new knowledge is valued and adopted by twinning participants in both North and South and moreover whether learning benefits are mutual. In a study of three partnerships between Dutch municipalities and partner cities in Peru, South Africa and Nicaragua, 36 participants were interviewed. The findings reveal that learning in city‐to‐city partnerships is not mutual between North and South and that the benefits of ‘shared learning’—a rhetoric commonly used in the twinning discourse—are limited. Instead, other opportunities for mutuality arise for Northern municipalities from political and strategic benefits, such as staff loyalty and motivation. Mutuality in twinning hence deserves a broader interpretation than learning alone so that twinning benefits can be identified and maximised for both North and South, keeping cities interested and motivated. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Observatory's linguistic landscape: semiotic appropriation and the reinvention of space

Using a longitudinal ethnographic study of the linguistic landscape (LL) in Observatory's business corridor of Lower Main Road, the paper explores changes brought about by the influx of immigrant Africans, their artefacts and language practices. The paper uses the changes in the LL over time and the development of an “African Corner” within Lower Main Road, to illustrate the appropriation of space and the unpredictability, which comes along with highly mobile, technological and multicultural citizens. It is argued that changes in the LL are part of the act of claiming and appropriating space wherein space becomes summarily recontexualized and hence reinvented and “owned” by new actors. It is also argued that space ownership can be concealed through what we have called “brand anonymity” strategies in which the identity of the owner is deliberately concealed behind global brands. We conclude that space is pliable and mobile, and that, it is the people within space who carve out new social practices in their appropriated space.     

市场转型中城市精英实践逻辑与困境

在社会转型的过程中,中国城市精英的变化及未来走向问题引人注目。在精英再生产理论和精英循环理论争论背景下,文章运用"实践逻辑"的思考方式,解释市场转型中精英的实践逻辑:精英配置、精英循环与精英互换,以及精英转型遇到的困境。改革开放以来,经济精英和技术精英的重要性越来越得到重视,而不是只有政治精英独占鳌头。而在精英阶层配置发生变化时,政治精英、经济精英和知识精英的互换频繁,并日益形成一个总体性联盟。这样随之而来的是精英阶层和底层社会的利益博弈,以及两级分化和社会断裂的危险。     

共青团提升青年群众工作能力研究——以绍兴市为例

社会管理创新、共青团职能和角色的转换以及绍兴市社会经济的发展等对共青团提升青年群众工作提出了新的要求。文章采用定性和定量研究相结合的分析方法,阐述共青团绍兴市委青年群众工作的现状、存在问题,认为提升青年群众工作能力要在组织方式、工作模式、活动主题、动员方式上进行持续不断的创新。     

美国城市转型经验及其启示

伴随城市发展和城市化进程的加快,人口、产业、资本等各种要素不断流动,城市的传统产业发生梯度转移,国内外许多城市面临经济转型的重大问题。本文介绍了美国主要城市的成功转型案例,并分析了城市转型成功的基本经验,以期为中国现阶段的城市转型提供借鉴。     

市县党委领导活动中的成本与成效博弈

市县党委的领导活动必须讲成本与收益核算,必须以收益总量大幅度地超过成本投入为价值追求。市县党委领导活动的成本核算,应囊括经济成本、人力成本、时间成本、风险成本。市县党委领导活动的预期成效,主要由经济收益、政治收益、社会收益、组织收益、自收益构成。在对市县党委领导活动的收支博弈中,必须坚持做到确保党委决策的科学性、实施领导成本精细化管理、拓展领导活动收益空间、防控领导过程中的风险以及理性认证领导活动收益。     

贵阳市生态文明城市建设大众认同度调查与分析

充分发挥公众主体作用,让全体市民自觉自愿、积极主动地参与生态文明城市建设的前提是对生态文明城市建设的理念、政策及措施的认同,大众对生态文明的城市价值认同一定意义上决定着生态文明城市建设的成败。文章通过调查问卷,了解贵阳市民对生态文明城市建设的价值认同现状,探讨提高市民认同度的对策。