论西方文官的职业化

西方文官制度是许多西方资本主义国家实行的一种人事管理制度。文官职业化是西方文官制度建立的最显著的特征之一 ,也是这一制度的最核心的内容之一。文官职业化问题 ,对于理解西方文官制度的形成和发展 ,乃至于理解整个西方近现代政治体制的形成和发展 ,都具有十分重要的意义。本文拟全面分析西方文官职业化的特征和形成原因 ,并在此基础上 ,对西方文官职业化的历史作用作一初步探讨。     

民事诉讼的价值取向——公平与效率的权衡

本文认为 ,公平与效率是民事诉讼法设计与操作中恒久存在并冲突着的基本价值目标 ,其所描述和反映的是诉讼成本资源的配置状态的不同方面。在特定的社会、历史、文化条件下 ,应将具有主观色彩和不确定性的公平目标同具有可预测性的客观效率目标有机地结合起来 ,探索两者的最佳平衡点     

Is It Time to Reform the Dual-Track Pension System?

正Civil servants’pensions is an issue that has long been debated in China.In spite of the fact that pensions for enterprise employees have been rising continuously for the past seven years,their benefits are much lower than that of their civil servant peers.There exists an increasingly widening gap between civil servants’pensions and those of other workers.Recently,the microblog account of the newspaper People’s Daily published an article,which says that civil servants’pensions sur-     

国际惯例在涉台民商事案件中的适用

中国大陆法院审理涉台民商事案件可以适用国际惯例.在争议问题的准据法为大陆地区法律,而大陆地区法律没有相关规定,国际上对于争议问题存在国际惯例的情况下,法官决定是否适用该国际惯例.涉台案件的当事人也可以选择适用国际惯例.国际惯例一般适用在涉台货物买卖、运输、保险、支付、结算等方面,且受国内强行法、公共秩序保留等限制.统一实体私法条约可以作为“国际惯例”而适用于涉台民商事案件.     

Citizenship in Civil Society?

Abstract

This article seeks to provide a conceptual framework to complement and guide the empirical analysis of civil society. The core argument is that civil society must be understood, not as a category of (post)industrialized society, but as one of individualized society. Civil society is characterized by individualism that is sustained and protected by the civil values of autonomy and emancipation. This, accordingly, implies that empirical data of civil society can be understood most fruitfully within the framework of individualized society. Classical sociology, however, perceives this very individualism and its values as being antagonistic to its own civic vision. Hence, the crucial question is whether there can be any scope for citizenship, classically understood, within civil society. This article begins with the conceptual reconstruction of the social organization of civil society. Thereafter, two distinct civil society perspectives—mediating structures and Tocquevillianism—are explored to see how civil individualism and citizenship relate to each.     

我国民行检察监督法律制度的发展与完善

通过对我国民行检察监督制度发展的规律性认识折射出我国整个检察制度发展改革应完善的方向：加强检察理论研究，重视与学界的沟通与交流，为检察改革营造出良好的理论环境；重视检察改革中的外部关系，与法院在博弈中加强合作，在合作共赢中推进检察制度改革；鼓励地方检察机关的创新型实践，检察改革应采取自上而下和自下而上相结合的改革路径。     

重特大生产安全事故赔偿过程中的政府职能

近年来,有些地方人民政府在处理重特大生产安全事故的过程中,就受害人的民事赔偿事宜采取了诸多举措,如决定赔偿金额、支付赔偿金或综合帮扶资金等。这些举措虽可使受害人获得及时、适当甚至高额的赔偿,但同时也会影响我国基本的法律秩序、限制当事人的民事处分权利、导致社会不公,有时还可能成为地方有些官员平息民怨、为自己开脱政治责任的方式。尽管如此,地方人民政府适当介入重特大事故民事赔偿事宜有其必要,只是应在法制的框架内运作,主要发挥督促、协调和配合三大功能。     

在线纠纷解决机制的困境和对策

ODR机制作为一种新生的纠纷解决方式，其在解决小额的、当事人间物理距离遥远的网络民事纠纷方面具有特别优势。而ODR机制存在着受理案件的有限性、提供救济方式的有限性、技术工具的双刃性等价值定位缺陷；存在着信任性不足、接近性难等实务利用缺陷；存在着程序被滥用、实践标准混乱等制度设计缺陷。ODR机制价值定位存在的缺陷是ODR本身所固有的，无法克服；实务利用缺陷和制度设计缺陷则可以通过相应的对策予以消减甚至消除。     

Military Integration,Demobilization, and the Recurrence of Civil War

ABSTRACT

Peace agreements often include provisions for the military integration of the conflict parties, involving an increase in government forces, and at the same time requesting demobilization and thus a reduction of military personnel. Depending on the modalities and magnitude both can be strong signals of a commitment to the peace process. However, tensions between these two concepts can also endanger post-conflict stability. The empirical analyses of 77 post-conflict societies show that civil war is more likely to recur if rebel forces are kept separate during the military integration process and if the military plays an important role in post-conflict economies.     

Civil society and state-centred struggles

This article is about civil society and state-centred struggles in contemporary Zimbabwe. I first identify and outline three current understandings of civil society. Two understandings (one Liberal, one Radical) are state-centric and exist firmly within the logic of state discourses and state politics. A third understanding, also Radical, is society-centric and speaks about politics existing at a distance from the state and possibly beyond the boundaries of civil society. This civil society-state discussion frames the second section of the article, which looks specifically at Zimbabwe. It details civil society as contested terrain (from the late 1990s onwards) within the context of a scholarly debate about agrarian transformation and political change. This debate, which reproduces (in theoretical garb) the key political society (or party) fault-lines within Zimbabwean society, has taken place primarily within the restricted confines of state-centred discourses.