破除债权平等原则的两种立法例之辨析——兼论优先权的性质

罗马法为了保护弱势群体和社会公益,以实现公平正义,开排除债权平等原则之先河,创制出了法定担保制度。近代西方各国在继受罗马法这一制度时,因对待物权特定原则的态度不同,形成了以法国法和日本法为代表的、以法定担保为手段的一元模式和以德国法和英美法为代表的、以法定担保加破产法规定为手段的二元模式。我国是一个继受了德国法传统的大陆法国家,在排除债权平等原则的问题上,遵行的是德国法的二元模式;这种模式与法国法模式属于两种截然不同的范式。故,那种试图将法国法上的一元模式引入我国法律体系中的努力注定是徒劳的。     

试述公示催告的几个问题

我国在《票据法》、《民事诉讼法》以及相关金融法中对公示催告作出了规定。但是,与发达国家有关公示催告的法律规定相比,仍然有许多不完善和欠缺之处,且规定太过粗糙,不能适应迅猛发展的银行业务。随着我国经济的不断发展,在加入WTO后,如何建立完善的公示催告制度,与世界接轨是当务之急。本文拟通过对公示催告程序、期间以及除权判决的分析与研究,提出完善公示催告制度的一点浅见。     

试述民事诉讼中的第三人

针对目前学术界和司法实践中,对民事诉讼中的第三人的特征及其法律地位有着不同的见解,本文深入浅出地论述了有独立请求权的第三人与原诉当事人的关系、无独立请求权的第三人与原诉当事人的关系、第三人与共同诉讼人的区别、无独立请求权的第三人与证人的区别等问题。     

我国小额诉讼程序的构建

随着我国法制水平的不断提高,诉诸司法的纠纷将会越来越多,现有的审判力量已难负其重。而解决的有效途径之一就是构建小额诉讼程序,分流大量简单的民事案件,使当事人及法官从繁琐、低效的程序中解脱出来。     

Border formations: security and subjectivity at the border

This paper offers a normative argument for reconfiguring borders that rests on a critique of intersecting logics bearing on security, incorporation, agency, subjectivity, encounter, and citizenship. Especially important to my critique is the mutually reinforcing relationship between border security and prevalent assimilationist and integrationist forms of incorporation associated with the dominant single-citizenship model. I offer instead an alternative framing of incorporation I call enfoldment, which is anchored in the contingent and negotiated agency and subjectivity of mobile persons and a multiversal understanding of societies. As I argue, one avenue for opening the possibilities of migrant agency and subjectivity is via what I term ‘mediated passage’. It entails shielding migrants and travellers from the direct control of movement by states at borders, allowing for passage across borders mediated by civil society organizations possessing independent power and authority.     

强奸行为精神赔偿的法理分析

本文以“全国首例贞操权案”引发的话题从法理上探讨了给予强奸行为受害者以精神赔偿请求权的必要性。作者认为 ,给予强奸行为受害者以精神赔偿请求权符合“责任相当”的法律责任归责原则、符合不同法律责任的功能互补和请求权的特性 ,有利于被害人的人权保护 ;这也为国外立法和判例所承认。通过简短的历史考察 ,作者发现我国现有的强奸行为法律责任制度是伴随着源于清末修律的“法制现代化”进程而形成的 ,其移植于西方但其最终形成又有特殊背景。     

Insurance Fraud and the Role of the Civil Law

Two UK Supreme Court decisions have considered insurance fraud. The first, Versloot Dredging BV v HDI‐Gerling Industries Versicherung (The DC Merwestone), concerned the use of a fraudulent device being harnessed to support a legitimate claim which, in the view of the majority, was an area of insurance law in need of re‐evaluation. The second, Haywood v Zurich Insurance Co, concerned the use of fraud to increase the settlement paid by the insurer and whether an insurer, which suspects fraud but has nevertheless chosen to settle a claim, is entitled to set aside the settlement under the tort of deceit where it subsequently discovers proof that it was in fact fraudulent. This case note examines not only the legal implications of the decisions and their likely impact on industry practice, it also focuses on the broader issue of the proper province of the civil law and whether general deterrence can be justified as a proper objective where the criminal law is deficient in punishing fraud because of its higher standard of proof.     

刑事缺席审判制度研究

在诉讼效率日益凸显的现代刑事诉讼制度中,迫切需要解决由于犯罪嫌疑人、被告人逃逸而给刑事诉讼顺利进行带来的难题,为此世界许多国家建立了缺席审判制度。我国随着经济的发展和对外交往的增多,犯罪嫌疑人、被告人逃避侦查、审判的现象日益突出,特别是贪官外逃事件愈演愈烈,引起了全社会的广泛关注。为了及时有效打击犯罪,解决涉案财产和有关赔偿问题,防止犯罪嫌疑人、被告人逃避诉讼,避免因中止诉讼而导致的诉讼拖延等问题,我国有必要借鉴国外的有益做法,建立符合国情的刑事缺席审判制度。     

The impact of the conflict in Gaza on antisemitism in Belgium

ABSTRACT

Taking Belgium as a case study, this article aims to assess the impact of a foreign conflict (the Israeli-Palestinian conflict in the Gaza Strip) on intergroup relations in Europe. It asks whether intensification of the conflict in Gaza increases the number of antisemitic incidents in Belgium, and makes use of a database of complaints to the Centrum voor gelijkheid van kansen en voor racismebestrijding (Center of Equal Opportunities and Opposition to Racism), a federal anti-racism agency, and of an analysis of political claims-making in the written press. It is often stated that the conflict between Palestine and Israel leads to increased levels of antisemitism in Europe but rarely is this based on statistical analysis. The authors of this article undertook such an analysis and concluded that complaints about antisemitism in Belgium indeed showed a statistically significant increase during the Israeli military operation Cast Lead (December 2008–January 2009). Time series and intervention analysis on data spanning a period of one-and-a-half years, however, showed that this effect was not lasting and wore off after a couple of weeks. Apart from the temporary effect of the Gaza war on domestic intergroup relations, there seemed to be no systematic and continuous link between events in the Middle East and acts of antisemitism in Belgium.     

请求权竞合问题研究

请求权竞合问题在民法中的争论由来已久,所谓请求权竞合就是一个法律事实,符合多个法律构成要件,从而产生多项请求权基础。关于请求权竞合的解决各国没有具体的方案,我国司法实践中允许请求权的有限竞合。请求权竞合问题的解决不论理论方面还是实践中都有待完善。