氨基比林血痕预试验处理血痕后样本的DNA定量

目的：探讨氨基比林血痕预试验处理血痕后样本DNA含量的变化及对STR分型检测的影响。方法10名健康无关个体EDTA抗凝血液制成滤纸血痕,氨基比林血痕预试验检测,按试验后血样干燥保存时间分30 min、1 h、3 h、6 h、12 h、24 h共6个实验组,并采用磁珠法、QIAcube DNA纯化法、Chelex-100法三种方法提取样本DNA,应用荧光定量PCR检测样本DNA含量,PCR-STR荧光技术进行STR分型。结果提取方法相同时,氨基比林血痕预试验后血样随干燥保存时间的延长,样本DNA含量呈逐渐降低的趋势。保存时间相同时,不同DNA提取方法间,样本DNA含量差异也有统计学意义。90.56%样本均可获得16个STR基因座明确分型。结论氨基比林血痕预试验对血痕样本DNA有损伤,24 h内多可获有效STR分型。磁珠法提取样本DNA进行STR分型,效果最好。     

An Improved Method for the Diatom Test Utilizing DNA Binding Ability of Silica

In order to devise a better forensic test for diatoms, the DNA binding ability of the diatom frustule constructing by silica, in the presence of chaotropic ions were utilized. It was proved that the diatoms were able to be captured via λDNA using silica‐coated magnetic beads (Mag beads), followed by isolation and purification from the Mag beads as a solid phase by substituting the chaotropic agent with ultrapure water. Five cases of drowning, three in freshwater and two in seawater, were applied to the present method and similar results as the usual diatom test were obtained. Specimens of lung and other organs were rendered clearly visible, with elimination of foreign impurities. The present method appears applicable for detection of diatoms indirectly using PCR amplification of bound DNA or directly staining of the DNA.     

Forensic Psychology: A Guide to Practice

Abstract

G. H. Gudjonsson and L. R. C. Haward, Forensic Psychology: A Guide to Practice. London. Routledge, 1998.     

Will Inflation Increase Crime Rate? New Evidence from Bounds and Modified Wald Tests

This paper employs the modified Wald (MWALD) causality test to re-examine the relationship between crime and its determinants (inflation and unemployment) in the United States from 1960 to 2005. Bounds test approach is employed to investigate the existence of a long-run relationship. The empirical evidence suggests that inflation and crime rates are cointegrated with a positive relationship. Moreover, the causal link is from inflation and unemployment to crime.     

Population genetic data of 38 autosomal InDels in San Basilio de Palenque,the first free town in America

In order to increase the information about Indels, we report allele frequencies and statistical parameters of forensic efficiency obtained typing a sample of 114 unrelated healthy individuals living in San Basilio de Palenque – Colombia using a panel of 38 autosomal InDels. No significant deviations from Hardy–Weinberg expectations were found except in the marker rs10629077 (p = 0.0002). The present database will be useful for forensic and paternity purposes for the region studied. Moreover, these additional markers can help forensic laboratories to solve parentage testing as well as to improve the analysis of degraded DNA samples.     

From national identity to national security: China's changing responses toward India in 1962 and 1998

This article examines Russian Government policy towards Northeast Asia as an interplay between aspirations, which have been expressed by government leaders, parliamentary figures and prominent academics and journalists and actual results. The article uses three levels, global, regional and bilateral, as a basis for the analysis. In terms of global interests the Russian leadership has sought diplomatic balance against the US, in terms of regional interests the leadership has pursued the aim of economic and security integration while at the bilateral level Russian leadership has sought specific benefits from particular relations with China, Japan and South Korea. The article notes that Russia has obtained certain diplomatic benefits from the relationship with China which serve its interests at the global level. At the regional level policy aspirations have been frustrated by Russia's dire economic condition and the tendency to be treated as an ‘outsider’. Russia has benefited from an improvement of bilateral relations with China, Japan and South Korea but these gains do not translate into an improved position at the regional level yet. while the Russian leadership has been nurturing the development of bilateral relationships problems particular to those relationships hinder its wider regional acceptance.     

“闽台共同市场”的构想及实现探析

建设闽台共同市场,是加强两岸交流与合作的重要途径。从长远看,闽台共同市场作为两岸共同市场的试点,其建设和发展必将推进海峡两岸以共同市场为纽带的经济合作制度化。文章在分析闽台加强经贸合作的战略需求的基础上,阐述了构建闽台共同市场的条件与基础,提出了闽台共同市场的基本原则、运行机制和重点内容,并探索了实现这一构想的关键模块及相关对策。     

Sibship Analysis Based on Parental Genotype Reconstruction from Any Number of Reference Siblings

Previous analyses of alleged siblings have calculated the conditional probability of a test sibling's genotype given a reference sibling's genotype; however, more genetic information is available when two or more reference siblings are tested. Based on the root concept of identity by descent (IBD), we present a sibship method of parental genotype reconstruction (PGR) that can use any number of reference sibs. Nine PGR patterns, along with their respective IBD proportions of full‐sibs and half‐sibs, were identified and used to calculate joint sibship probabilities and likelihood ratio formulas. In addition, a correction PGR was developed for situations involving the same genotype repeating in the reference sibs. The method is simple and can be applied to any number of alleged full or half‐siblings.     

The Diagnostic Value of Quantitative Assessment of Diatom Test for Drowning: An Analysis of 128 Water‐related Death Cases using Microwave Digestion‐Vacuum Filtration‐Automated Scanning Electron Microscopy

The value of diatom test for the diagnosis of drowning remains controversial. The conventional forensic diatom test with low sensitivity is not a useful tool to provide accurate information about diatom in the tissues and organs. To improve the sensitivity of the diatom test, we developed a novel method called the Microwave Digestion‐Vacuum Filtration‐Automated Scanning Electron Microscopy (MD‐VF‐Auto SEM) method which resulted in a high recovery of diatoms. In this article, we analyzed 128 water‐related death cases. Our results showed that the MD‐VF‐Auto SEM method could achieve a much higher positive rate (0.97) in drowning cases. Large amounts of diatoms are retained, even concentrated, in the lung tissues during the intense breathing movement in drowning process. This might be useful for the diagnosis of drowning. Our research indicates that the MD‐VF‐Auto SEM method would be a valuable methodology in the study of diatom test for the forensic community.     

高校应重视学生考试成绩的分析与反馈

当前,高校对学生评价最主要的指标仍是考试成绩.对学生考试成绩的分析,是教学工作的一项重要内容,也是教学反思的一个过程.试卷分析既可作为教学评估的手段,又是教学研究的重要环节.建立对考试成绩分析的反馈利用机制,有助于全面提高教育教学质量.