Cooperation,not cost savings: explaining duration of shared service agreements

Among local governments, inter-municipal cooperation is the growing reform; but the literature is silent regarding the determinants of longer-term shared service agreements. We conducted a survey of all local governments in New York State in 2013 to assess the level of sharing across 29 public services. The duration of shared service agreements varies from 1 to 80 years. What explains this difference? Our hierarchical linear model shows that service sharing agreements fall along a cooperation continuum, where cost savings are a determinant of shorter agreements, while the public values of service quality and cross-jurisdictional coordination explain longer-term agreements. We also find that positive past experience with sharing partners increases the duration of sharing agreements. Our analysis lays the foundation for new theories of shared services that build directly from the benefits of improved regional coordination, inter-municipal reciprocity and service quality, not from theories based solely on competition and costs.     

Ten years after: revisiting the determinants of the adoption of municipal corporations for local service delivery

Research on the use of municipal corporations to deliver local and regional public services has evolved significantly in the past decade. Most of this work addresses the performance of this service-delivery mode in relation to local bureaucracies. However, much less is known about the drivers for the adoption of municipal corporations in the first place. This article reviews the main determinants of adoption – service characteristics, institutional and regulatory settings, political constraints and financial conditions – and highlights the need for comparative research across countries.     

论职务犯罪侦查中的控制下交付手段

在职务犯罪侦查中适用控制下交付既具有法理上的正当性，也具有实践的必要性，此次对刑事诉讼法修改已明确规定检察机关在职务犯罪侦查中可以运用控制下交付。因此，应从控制下交付的适用条件、实施主体、审批程序、法律后果以及国际合作五个方面对职务犯罪侦查中适用控制下交付进行具体的法律规制。     

《鹿特丹规则》下无单放货解决机制：从凭保函放货到凭指示放货

《鹿特丹规则》对无单放货问题设计了新的解决机制，通过使特定条件下的无单放货合法化，试图减轻承运人的负担，平衡船货双方的利益。采取规范分析的方法，对这一机制进行解构，论述其给各当事方的法律地位所带来的变化，认为对现有制度进行改良可能是更好的选择。     

毒品犯罪侦查中的控制下交付与诱惑侦查

毒品犯罪侦查中的控制下交付和诱惑侦查是两种不同的侦查措施,但长期以来理论界和实务界对二者的关系存在错误的认识,而且缉毒部门也因为各种原因更多地选择采用诱惑侦查来侦破毒品案件。在法治化背景下,具备合法性的控制下交付在惩罚犯罪和程序公正上比诱惑侦查更符合刑事诉讼的价值追求,应成为打击毒品犯罪的主要侦查措施。基于国内实施控制下交付时存在的困难,缉毒技术与装备、缉毒人员素质、缉毒协作需通过必要的举措予以加强。     

论加强海关缉毒国际合作

全球性的毒品泛滥愈演愈烈,对人类的生存和社会的发展构成了严重的威胁。尽管各国海关国际缉毒执法合作已取得了很大的成绩,但其中也存在不少问题。面对世界性的毒品危机,必须采取全球性禁毒战略,加强各国政府,尤其是加强海关之间的禁缉毒合作。     

Detection of Gamma-Hydroxybutyric Acid in Various Drink Matrices via AccuTOF-DART*

Abstract: A new screening method for detecting gamma-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) in drink matrices, using the IonSense, Inc. (Saugus, MA) direct analysis in real time (DART) ion source coupled to a JEOL exact mass time-of-flight mass spectrometer (AccuTOF), was validated and compared with the current screening methodology. The DART ion source allows for analysis of samples under ambient conditions with little to no sample preparation. Fifty drink specimens were spiked at levels of 1, 2, 3, and 4 mg/mL GHB, and analyzed on the AccuTOF-DART. Positive detection of GHB occurred for each of the samples at each concentration level, giving 100% accuracy for the samples tested. Twenty-five of the 50 drink specimens were spiked at 1 mg/mL GHB and tested using a color test known as the GHB Color Test #3. Only two of these 25 specimens tested positive for the presence of GHB, giving only 8% accuracy. Implementation of this new methodology as a screening tool for GHB analysis will quickly eliminate negative specimens allowing the examiner to focus analysis time on those that screened positive.     

关于控制下交付规制的研究

控制下交付作为打击毒品犯罪尤其是跨国的有组织的毒品犯罪的重要措施和手段，已发挥出越来越重要的作用，是其他侦查措施和手段所无法取代的。然而，由于国家法律的缺失等原因，在控制下交付的实施过程中产生了一系列的法律问题，这就有必要将控制下交付纳入法律视野．对其从法律上加以规制。     

The Impact of Quality Public Service Delivery on Customer Satisfaction in Bahir Dar City Administration: The Case of Ginbot 20 Sub-city

ABSTRACT

This study is conducted with the general objective of assessing the impact of quality public service delivery on customer satisfaction in Ginbot20 sub-city. To conduct the study correlational research design, and quantitative research approach have been employed. A total of 88 samples both from customers (68) and service providers (20) were selected using simple random sampling and systematic random sampling techniques respectively. Data were collected using questionnaires. Based on the data collected, the study comes up with certain findings. Among the major findings, the perception of customers and service providers on quality service delivery and customer satisfaction is different, responsiveness, tangibility, assurance, and reliability have positively associated with customer satisfaction. However, empathy has negatively associated with customer satisfaction. Generally, the likelihood of customers gets satisfied when there is quality service delivery is 0.84 (84%) while get satisfied with the probability value of 0.038948(3.8948%) in the absence of quality service delivery.     

贩卖毒品的控制下交付若干问题探析

控制下交付是打击贩卖毒品犯罪的一种有效的秘密侦查手段，目前这一手段得到了众多国家的肯定。在毒品的全球化程度日益加剧下，我国也深受毒品危害，虽未在法律上规定控制下交付这一手段，但在实际中却得以运用。目前，由于对这一侦查手段理论探讨的不足和法律规定的缺失，贩卖毒品的控制下交付手段的运用遇到了从理论到实践的很多困境，因此我们应对这些问题进行关注，以切实为公安执法实践服务。