针灸治疗糖尿病胃轻瘫随机对照试验文献质量评价

［摘要］目的 对针灸治疗糖尿病胃轻瘫随机对照试验文献质量进行分析,为进一步的临床试验研究提供参考。方法 检索近30年针灸治疗糖尿病胃轻瘫临床研究文献,采用循证医学的原则及评价方法,制定临床文献评价及信息采集表,对纳入文献进行分析和评价。结果 检索到符合纳入标准的临床对照试验文献21篇,在样本量估算、疾病诊断标准及疗效判定标准、盲法和分配隐藏、随机化实施、随访及病例脱失剔除情况、结局指标选择、安全性观察、结论推导等方面存在一些问题。结论 针灸治疗糖尿病胃轻瘫的临床研究文献存在样本量较少、研究方法实施不严谨、结局指标选取不统一的缺点,尚不能得出针灸优于其他疗法的确切结论,故有必要进一步做多中心、大样本及高质量的临床试验研究。     

论所有权保留买卖中天然孳息的归属

关于所有权保留买卖中天然孳息的归属,《物权法》与《合同法》的规定存在冲突.从解释论出发,我国的所有权保留应被定性为“契约的附停止条件”,我国的天然孳息归属规则采用的是“结合主义”.在所有权保留买卖中,天然孳息的归属仍应采“交付主义”,《合同法》第163条于理有据、规定合理,仍可适用.当涉及第三人时,孳息的归属则需要具体讨论.     

产科医生遇上“怕疼”产妇?——中国女性生产经历的身体政治

在对访谈资料和网络论坛生产日志进行分析的基础上,文章将产妇怕疼现象放置于文化、技术、权力、知识与医疗环境这一理论框架,从两个方面反驳了目前流行的产妇怕疼导致剖腹产率升高的论述。第一,不友善的医疗环境和过多的医疗介入加重产妇的疼痛和焦虑,可能会导致产妇对剖腹产的诉求,怕疼已经不仅仅是生理反应,还有技术与环境层面的原因,不应当仅仅指责产妇,还应该检视当今产科医疗环境及技术滥用。第二,怕疼的产妇最后是否会剖腹产,较多地取决于医院的等级及医生的态度立场。本文围绕这一主线进行讨论的同时,也呈现出中国产妇在生产过程中所受到的来自文化、技术、专业权威、科层制组织、城乡差异等方面的管理和控制。     

Utilizing a magnetic locator to search for buried firearms and miscellaneous weapons at a controlled research site

Forensic personnel generally use basic all-metal detectors for weapon searches because of their ease of use and cost efficiency. For ferromagnetic targets, an alternative easy to use and low-cost geophysical tool is a magnetic locator. The following study was designed to demonstrate the effectiveness of a common, commercially available magnetic locator in forensic weapon searches by determining the maximum depth of detection for 32 metallic forensic targets and testing the effects of metallic composition on detection. Maximum depth of detection was determined for 16 decommissioned street-level firearms, six pieces of assorted scrap metals, and 10 blunt or bladed weapons by burying each target at 5-cm intervals until the weapons were no longer detected. As expected, only ferromagnetic items were detected; weapons containing both ferromagnetic and nonferromagnetic components were generally detected to shallower depths. Overall, the magnetic locator can be a useful addition to weapon searches involving buried ferromagnetic weapons.     

The Australian Public Service and Policy Advising: Meeting the Challenges of 21st Century Governance

This concluding article summarises the case study findings comprising the Special Issue on ‘Advising Australian Federal Governments: Assessing the Evolving Capacity and Role of the Australian Public Service’, identifies and discusses cross‐cutting issues, and considers strategic implications for future practice and research. It reviews key findings from six case studies – Treasury, Prime Minister and Cabinet, Intergovernmental Relations, Housing, the BER Stimulus program, and Defence – and assesses the policy advising capacity of the Australian Public Service, with a focus on the policy‐political interface between governments and officials. Putting recent experience in historical context, it considers the performance of the Commonwealth's policy advisory system, the impact of prime ministers and centralisation, the link between advising and analytic capacities, the system's resilience and readiness, whether recent dissatisfaction over APS advising reflect lack of capacity or a culture clash, and the responsibility for ensuring high‐quality policy advice. It recommends developing a more systematic approach to assessing policy advising capability, building on recent APS reforms.     

Assessing the Capacity to Deliver – The BER Experience

This article uses the education sector to explore the ability of successive Commonwealth governments to more directly intervene and engage in areas traditionally the responsibility of state and territory jurisdictions. The APS continues to battle against a lack of street‐level knowledge to help structure delivery, including effective feedback and sense‐making mechanisms. While the overall thrust of policy intent might be achievable and even laudable, the potential for success is undermined by structural imbalances, suspicion and information and power asymmetry. BER exemplifies a growing problem in the capacity of the APS to act as a system manager, able to strategically conceptualise and leverage actors, resources and processes to achieve political outcomes. APS capacity to deliver Commonwealth policy intent reliant on inter‐jurisdictional delivery remains a dilemma for advisory capacity and confounds the interventionist ambitions of Commonwealth ministers and exposes them to serious criticisms about their administrative competence.     

Australia's Children ‘Safe and Well’?1 Collaborating with Purpose Across Commonwealth Family Relationship and State Child Protection Systems

So ubiquitous is reference to collaboration in policy documents that it is in danger of being ignored altogether by service deliverers who are not clear about its rationale, how it is built, or its real value. This is evident in the child and family services context where for example the National Framework for Protecting Australia's Children calls for collaboration and a ‘shared responsibility’ across the state, Commonwealth and the non‐government sectors to keep children safe and well. This article describes a project undertaken to analyse and ultimately increase levels of collaboration between state and Commonwealth government family service providers. The research reinforced an important message that levels of collaboration should align with the vulnerability of children and their families: the greater the level of risks to children, the greater the level of collaboration needed within and between systems to keep children safe.     

浅析网络购物中快递延误纠纷的解决机制

互联网时代的信息共享使"足不出户可知天下"成为可能,而网络零售和快递服务的迅猛发展更让现代人享受到了足不出户可拥天下的便利,但伴随而来的快递纠纷也层出不穷,其中"快递不快"久居投诉榜首的地位。面对现有救济手段不足且赔偿金额微薄的窘境,如何才能既保护消费者的合法权益,同时又让快递行业持续发展,已成为我们亟待解决的问题。分析现行快递延误纠纷救济方法,并改进快递延误救济机制,不失为预防、减少和化解这类纠纷之良策。