对美国有组织犯罪情况的考察

由于美国是一个由移民组成的国家,有组织跨国犯罪问题较为突出。近几年,美国通过制定相关的法律,建立专门的调查机构,注重情报的搜集与分析,注重监控银行钱款动向,从而较为有效地控制了这一犯罪的发展。     

Hooliganism under the Statistical Magnifying Glass: A Belgian Case Study

In Belgium the most important football matches are statistically recorded. Therefore this case is presented to demonstrate what can be learnt from statistics and other qualitative information in order to assess hooliganism: the number of hardcore elements, their size, their maximum capacity for mobilisation, the age groups involved, the degree of activism, the number and characteristics of the incidents involved, links with political crime and/or extremism, relationships and/or rivalries with other hardcore elements, the size of the police resources deployed in order to tackle them, and the impact of certain measures in the fight against hooliganism. A number of the characteristics of the phenomenon of hooliganism (renewal, adaptation and international relationships, in particular) mean that one has to go beyond the pure and simple canvas of a questionnaire with a statistical vocation. It is for this reason that the statistical information in Belgium has, from the very start (the 1991-1992 season) been backed up by telephone interviews with special witnesses from various Belgian hardcore elements.     

PTV gap: A new measure of party identification yielding monotonic partisan attitudes and supporting comparative analysis

Despite the cornerstone role of party identification for analyzing voting behavior in the United States, its measurement (in terms of the classic American National Electoral Studies – ANES – seven-point scale) is affected by a systematic problem of non-monotonicity, and it proved impossible to be directly applied outside the United States. We introduce a novel, complementary measurement approach aimed at addressing both problems. We test on US data (an expressly collected computer-assisted web interviewing survey dataset) a new, seven-point scale of partisanship constructed from PTV (propensity-to-vote) items, acting as projective devices for capturing partisan preferences, and routinely employed in multi-party systems. We show that a PTV-based (suitable for comparative analysis) seven-point scale of partisanship outperforms the classic ANES scale. Groups identified by the new scale show monotonic partisan attitudes, and the comparison of multivariate models of political attitudes testify significantly larger effects for the new scale, as well as an equal or higher predictive ability on a range of political attitudes.     

关于改革开放以来我国农民教育问题的若干思考

“三农”问题的核心是农民问题。我们要加强对农民的教育,努力提高农民的素质。改革开放以来中国农民教育呈现出一定的阶段性特点,也面临着许多挑战,在新的形势下我们应该强化农民教育的相关应对措施。     

中国加入WTO的电子商务发展对策

全球经济一体化与电子商务关系的研究,对于认识中国加入WTO所带来的电子商务的发展是非常重要的.中国的经济竞争力要注入活力,就必须利用现代化的技术与思想来加速市场化进程,而加快发展电子商务对于加快我国改革开放,形成内外驱动力,迅速缩短与发达国家和地区的差距,实现跨越式发展,加快中国融入经济一体化进程将起到重要的作用.     

宽严相济刑事政策与刑事强制措施运作模式转变

宽严相济刑事政策应当诉讼化,在刑事诉讼立法和司法中贯彻宽严相济刑事政策,实际上就是落实公法中的比例原则.宽严相济刑事政策要求我国刑事强制措施运作模式从"追诉型"向"保障型"转变.确立单一的强制措施适用目的、多元化的强制措施结构、证明标准和理性化的强制措施手段和对象是贯彻宽严相济刑事政策的关键.     

辽宁流动人口犯罪社会学分析及控制对策

流动人口犯罪是社会人口在大规模迁移流动过程中衍生的负面效应。自改革开放以来,我国在经济高速增长的同时也在经历着流动人口犯罪的高发期。辽宁省作为振兴东北老工业基地的重中之重,随着外来流动人口数量的逐年增长,外来流动人口的犯罪形势亦日趋严峻,根据社会学的方法论原则,来系统分析辽宁外来流动人口犯罪的基本特征、形成原因以及流动人口管理中存在的问题,是科学制定综合治理控制对策的前提和基础。     

Reforming Social Services in Hong Kong: The Role of Contracting and Performance Management in the Non‐Profit Sector

Contracts and performance management, along with the concept of consumerism, have become the fundamental metaphors for New Public Management (NPM) and key changes in the public service. ‘Doing well while doing good’ and finding generally acceptable accountability measures for social services have become the perennial aspirations of planners, service providers and funders. This article examines the contingent factors and rationales behind the quality movement and recontracting exercise in reforming the delivery of personal social service programs in Hong Kong within the framework of New Public Management (NPM). It explains the use of long‐term relational contracts rather than the standard business contracts between the government as funder and non‐profit organisations as service providers. It also deals with the complex relationships among quality issues, quality standards, consumerism, accountability, performance indicators, and performance management.     

Getting Performance from Performance Management: A Framework for Strategic Management Choices

The choices for optimal performance management depend upon the circumstances – there is no single ideal management approach. The principals have three basic tools available to encourage high performance from subordinate entities: they can delegate authority, impose rewards or sanctions, and/or develop (or enhance) a performance measurement system. These tools allow the principals to motivate, delegate, educate, reevaluate, and/or reassign the agent in order to generate increased learning and improved outcomes from the program. Thus, depending on the nature of the agency culture and the quality of the performance measures, different managerial responses will have different results.     

完善袭警犯罪刑法规制的构想

袭警犯罪行为不仅严重损害了警察机关和警察的执法权威与尊严,也侵犯了警察个人的合法权益,而且袭警事件的屡禁不止还容易助长犯罪分子的嚣张气焰,降低人民群众的安全感。司法实践中,袭警犯罪行为一般按照妨害公务罪、故意伤害罪、故意杀人罪等犯罪论处,这样的刑法评价无法从根本上揭示出袭警犯罪的严重社会危害性。为此,应当完善刑事立法,增加袭警罪,加大对该种犯罪的打击力度。