论处分查封之物的法律效力

在财产被查封的情形,被执行人或所有权人擅自处分查封之物的,不得对抗执行申请人。查封的对抗效力是法律直接规定的结果,同处分权能和合同效力无关。查封不影响被执行人或所有权人的处分权,也不影响处分查封之物基础合同的法律效力。查封具有禁止处分的法律效果,即被执行人或所有权人不得擅自处分查封之物,否则可能引发公法上的责任。在擅自处分查封之物时,善意取得与公示对抗是两种保护善意第三人的模式。从立法论的角度来看,善意取得规则不应也无须适用于查封之物,否则会影响体系融贯,并导致制度重叠问题。查封制度具有独立的善意第三人保护规则,即查封的公示对抗规则。在公示对抗规则之下,执行申请人和善意第三人的利益得到了妥当平衡。     

美国行政法上案卷排他性原则分析

美国的案卷排他性原则起源于著名的第一摩根案件,该案确立“决定者必须听证”的原则,指出决定者只能以在听证中所确定的事实来作为决定的依据,而不能根据听证之外的事实材料。该原则司法审查中就体现为案卷是法官审查行政决定是否合法的唯一依据,即只能审查作决定当时考虑的相关事实,而不能把作决定之后新的事实、材料作为审查依据。     

法人名称权法律性质研究——基于私权二分法的角度

依权利客体与人格之关系不同,私权分为人身权与财产权。当人格权客体由人身“降格”为身外之“物”时,其上成立财产权,得为让与之标的。因此于法人名称之上可以成立二种不同权利,当名称为人身之一部时,其上成立法人名称权;当名称为身外之“物”时,其上成立无体财产权。故“混合权利说”应予抛弃,关于法人名称权定性的其他学说亦有失偏颇。     

刍议控制股东违背诚信义务的法律防范与救济

文章详细阐释各国有关控制股东违背诚信义务损害其他股东权益的各种防范、救济措施及我国相关法律规范之现状,通过论述提出为完善对控制股东违背诚信义务损害其他股东权益的防范与救济,我国《公司法》需在总则中明确规定控制股东诚信义务,增加限定股东会召开的最低表决权数规定、完善控制股东表决权排除制度与股东诉讼制度。     

传统和合文化背景下的表达权

对中国传统和合文化的开新与挖掘,吸收其积极思想,对现代公民行使表达权具有重要的指导意义。传统和合文化包括“以和为贵”、“和而不同”以及“中庸之道”等重要内容。和合文化作为我国公民行使表达权的特有文化背景,不仅有利于实现对多元化利益表达的包容。同时,还有利于对个性化利益表达的支持,以及对冲动性利益表达的抑制。     

《物权法》事件的宪法解析——以宪法变迁理论为视角

物权法草案对不同主体的物权平等保护是不是违宪是一个争议不断的问题,虽然最终通过的物权法肯认了物权法草案的精神,但是从宪法学理上解释是否违宪至关重要。直面“物权法问题”,我们会发现其与多年前的“良性违宪之争”面临的是同一宪法困惑,而宪法变迁理论能为我们讨论这个问题提供新的视角。     

论由区分所有权人连带赔偿高空抛物所致损害的法律障碍——兼评《中国民法典草案侵权责任法编》第56条

我国侵权法草案规定侵权人不明的高空抛物致人损害,由“不能证明自己没有过错的建筑物使用人”连带承担全部赔偿责任。这实质上是对建筑物区分所有权人设定了一种对其在住宅内的行为随时举证证明的义务。这种对建筑物区分所有权人自由权利的限制和负担,无法解释和证成其正当性。建筑物区分所有权人实施的抛物行为是其承担侵权责任的根据,侵权行为人不明,受害人就无法按照侵权法获得赔偿。区分所有权人相互之间的监督义务和协助查找义务以及作证义务,乃公法上的义务;以此为根据要求其对受害人承担连带侵权责任,违反了法律关系理论的基本原理。要求建筑物区分所有权人证明没有实施抛物行为,违背了未发生的事实无法证明的证据法原理。推定所有可能实施侵权行为的人实际实施了侵权行为,违背了违法行为不能推定的侵权法原理。所以该条应该删除。     

Relationships between Social Information Processing and Aggression among Adolescent Girls with and without ADHD

This study investigated the relationship between social information processing (SIP) and both relational and overt, physical aggression in a longitudinally-followed sample of 228 adolescent girls (ages 11–18; 140 with ADHD and 88 comparison girls). During childhood, girls participated in naturalistic summer camps where peer rejection, overt physical aggression, and relational aggression were assessed via multiple informants and methods. Approximately 4.5 years later, these girls participated in follow-up assessments during which they completed a commonly-used vignette procedure to assess SIP; overt and relational aggression were again assessed through multiple informants. Correlations between (a) overt and relational aggression and (b) maladaptive SIP were modest in this female adolescent sample. However, relationships between aggression and SIP were stronger for the comparison girls than for the girls with ADHD. The relevance of SIP models for adolescent girls and clinical implications of findings are discussed.

Relational Aggression at School: Associations with School Safety and Social Climate

The present study examines how exposure to relational aggression at school is associated with adolescents’ perceptions of, and participation in, a hostile school environment. Participants were 1,335 African American and European American adolescents in grades 7 through 12 (52% female, 49% African American). Results indicate that exposure to relational aggression is associated with several components of adolescents’ perceptions of the school climate. Adolescents exposed to high levels of relational aggression perceived their school to be less safe, and were less pleased with the general social atmosphere at school. Moreover, for males, but not females, exposure to relational aggression was associated with carrying a weapon to school. Implications and suggestions for future research are discussed in terms of working toward safer school environments for adolescents.

The More Assertive and Pragmatic New Energy Policy in Putin’s Russia: Security Implications for Northeast Asia

The article examines Russia’s New Energy Policy (NEP) and its impact on Northeast Asian security and the development of the Russian Far East. In contrast to analyses highlighting competition between China and Japan for Russian resources, to the contrary it is argued here that greater cooperation among consumer states in Northeast Asia would be beneficial for Russia. Although the NEP has resulted in changes in the composition of foreign investors in Russian energy projects, the author suggests that Moscow is interested in multinational cooperation in the energy sector because it would help diversify the regional energy market and contribute to the development of the Russian Far East and eastern Siberia.