犯罪源头-未成年人犯罪

当前,未成年人犯罪逐年增多,危害日益严重,且呈现出新的动向与特点.而未成年人犯罪是犯罪的源头,要遏制犯罪,必须分析未成年人犯罪的原因,从源头抓起,预防、治理青少年犯罪中的未成年人犯罪.     

慢性肾衰竭正虚证候演变规律初探

目的 :探讨慢性肾衰竭不同分期的正虚证型演变规律。方法 :按照慢性肾衰竭正虚辨证分型标准制订调查表 ,对 339例住院病例进行证候调查 ,判定正虚类型。结果 :代偿期、失代偿期正虚诸证分布无统计学差异 (χ2 =0 .99,P >0 .0 5 ) ;四期诸证整体比较 (χ2 =10 7.16 ,P <0 .0 1) ,差别有高度统计学意义。结论 :慢性肾衰竭正虚诸证演变大致是脾肾气虚 (气阴两虚 )→脾肾阳虚→阴阳两虚。     

青少年犯罪的环境预防研究

青少年犯罪率的久高不下促使人们对青少年犯罪预防的理论不断进行日益深入的研究和探索。本文作者以青少年犯罪主体的生活环境为视角,展开对青少年犯罪的环境预防研究。在宏观和微观两个方面加以探讨。宏观预防方面要做到:加强社会监督,密化预防网络;弘扬传统文化,净化社会环境;整顿文化市场,清理精神垃圾;针对青少年的身心发育特点,开展青春期教育和性教育。微观环境方面应当做到:加强家庭教育;搞好学校教育;加快文明社区建设;加强在岗青年职工教育;美化暂驻型微观环境。宏观预防与微观预防要密切配合、相互补充,共同实现青少年犯罪环境预防的宏伟和长远目标。     

论销赃罪的处罚

销赃罪是赃物犯罪的一种,该罪不但自身存在较大的危害性,其对本罪的刺激和帮助作用也是巨大的。但我国《刑法》仅对之规定了较低的法定刑,起不到应有的威慑作用。笔者认为,应提高销赃罪的法定刑,以加强对该罪的打击力度。     

The Market for Scientific Crime Prevention: A Comparative Study of Canada and Venezuela

Crime prevention is an activity that, sooner or later, requires the concourse of science. But the dictates of science may not mesh well with the social, institutional and political considerations that are persistent and powerful determinants of collective action. To the extent that they are ignored, crime prevention is less scientific and more pragmatic. Using a marketing metaphor, this paper examines selected aspects of the supply of and demand for scientific crime prevention in Canada and Venezuela from 1949 to the present. In both countries, academic entrepreneurs are revealed to be a necessary factor in the sale of crime prevention to government. On the demand side, governments adopt and adapt crime prevention policies in relation to their broader perspective on social problems and social change. However, rising crime rates and climates of urgency reduce the attractiveness of crime prevention. Scientific crime prevention is easier to sell when crime rates are stable or declining.     

浅析破坏生产经营罪

破坏生产经营罪本身的构成要件含糊不明,加之为顺应我国经济体制的变化,使法律适应客观形式的发展,1997年刑法将破坏集体生产罪修改为破坏生产经营罪,并对之进行体系结构归属调整。但也为此使刑法学者对破坏生产经营罪产生诸多争议。如此罪侵犯的客体是单一客体,还是复杂客体。特别是此罪容易与其他相关犯罪混淆,给司法实践带来不便。通过重新界定生产经营的内涵、犯罪的目的等,对其进行合理的限制解释,并将其与一些极易混淆的犯罪加以比较,进一步明确此罪。     

猪生殖与呼吸综合征病毒和猪圆环病毒2型共感染对猪外周血天然免疫细胞含量的影响

将猪生殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)和猪圆环病毒2型(PCV2)单感染和共感染的6周龄仔猪,于感染前和感染后第3、7和10 d,采用血常规法、SWC3a单色流式细胞术以及CD3/CD4/CD8三色流式细胞术分析了感染猪外周血中白细胞、粒细胞、单核细胞、NK细胞、γδT细胞的含量。结果,感染后第3 d和第7 d,PRRSV感染组、PCV2感染组以及PRRSV+PCV2共感染组猪的白细胞、单核细胞、粒细胞、NK细胞、γδT细胞总数显著下降,并且共感染组比单感染组下降更加严重。结果表明,PRRSV+PCV2共感染对仔猪外周血天然免疫细胞的影响具有协同效应,意味着在感染早期可导致更加严重的先天免疫抑制。     

DOES CRIME JUST MOVE AROUND THE CORNER? A CONTROLLED STUDY OF SPATIAL DISPLACEMENT AND DIFFUSION OF CRIME CONTROL BENEFITS*

Recent studies point to the potential theoretical and practical benefits of focusing police resources on crime hot spots. However, many scholars have noted that such approaches risk displacing crime or disorder to other places where programs are not in place. Although much attention has been paid to the idea of displacement, methodological problems associated with measuring it have often been overlooked. We try to fill these gaps in measurement and understanding of displacement and the related phenomenon of diffusion of crime control benefits. Our main focus is on immediate spatial displacement or diffusion of crime to areas near the targeted sites of an intervention. Do focused crime prevention efforts at places simply result in a movement of offenders to areas nearby targeted sites—“do they simply move crime around the corner”? Or, conversely, will a crime prevention effort focusing on specific places lead to improvement in areas nearby—what has come to be termed a diffusion of crime control benefits? Our data are drawn from a controlled study of displacement and diffusion in Jersey City, New Jersey. Two sites with substantial street‐level crime and disorder were targeted and carefully monitored during an experimental period. Two neighboring areas were selected as “catchment areas” from which to assess immediate spatial displacement or diffusion. Intensive police interventions were applied to each target site but not to the catchment areas. More than 6,000 20‐minute social observations were conducted in the target and catchment areas. They were supplemented by interviews and ethnographic field observations. Our findings indicate that, at least for crime markets involving drugs and prostitution, crime does not simply move around the corner. Indeed, this study supports the position that the most likely outcome of such focused crime prevention efforts is a diffusion of crime control benefits to nearby areas.     

电子数据在网络犯罪中的证据作用

电子数据在网络犯罪中起着不可或缺的证明作用。应针对其特征,明确其成为一种新的证据种类,并规范其证据规则。     

概念的系统性完善——论犯罪的方面与犯罪构成的要件、要素的关系

犯罪的方面包容相应的犯罪构成要件,犯罪构成要件由犯罪构成要素组成,对三者的定位涉及到坚持用科学系统论分析犯罪构成的问题,应当弥补传统刑法理论在概念上混淆三者的疏漏,科学构建完善作为理论大厦基石的概念,另外,对犯罪各方面下犯罪构成具体相应要件和要素纵向深入的剖析,进一步印证了对三者上述关系的分析。