首都社会治安整体防控战略的理论基础和实践价值

首都社会治安整体防控战略以系统论、情报本质理论、行政管理理论为支撑,以精确指导为灵魂,以精确打击和严密防范为内容.该战略是新时期指导公安工作的纲领,是构建和谐社会理论在公安工作中的充分体现,是加强党的执政能力建设和强化社会治安防控体系建设的时代要求,是党中央提出的科学发展观的具体落实,能够确保实现首都社会治安的长期稳定.     

论警察社会控制的合法性危机

警察从产生之日起就是社会控制的主要力量,这一点毋庸置疑。但是,随着社会的发展,警察社会控制的合法性却面临空前的危机,甚至出现了多起袭警事件。这主要是由于警察职能定位不清,基层民警疲于奔命却效率低下,降低了社会对警察的信任。另外,有关维护警察权威法律制度的不健全和网络舆情缺乏有效监管也是导致警察合法性危机产生的重要原因。国家和公安机关自身都应积极采取有效措施,帮助警察化解危机,重塑警察权威。     

Comparative Politics and the Synthetic Control Method

In recent years, a widespread consensus has emerged about the necessity of establishing bridges between quantitative and qualitative approaches to empirical research in political science. In this article, we discuss the use of the synthetic control method as a way to bridge the quantitative/qualitative divide in comparative politics. The synthetic control method provides a systematic way to choose comparison units in comparative case studies. This systematization opens the door to precise quantitative inference in small‐sample comparative studies, without precluding the application of qualitative approaches. Borrowing the expression from Sidney Tarrow, the synthetic control method allows researchers to put “qualitative flesh on quantitative bones.” We illustrate the main ideas behind the synthetic control method by estimating the economic impact of the 1990 German reunification on West Germany.     

Women's agency in Australia's first fertility transition: a debate revisited

The place of women's agency in the fertility transition of the late nineteenth/early twentieth century is a contested one. Some argue that the transition was achieved mainly through male methods of contraception. Others, including many arguing from an Australian perspective, contend that women's agency in fertility decline was significant. In this article, the authors revisit the issue of women's agency in Australia. Drawing on a range of archival sources and scholarship, they seek to demonstrate that women in Australia in the last quarter of the nineteenth century had access to contraception, albeit limited, and, where that failed, to abortion. The authors argue that the changing political and educational climate, which saw women gaining the vote in 1894 in South Australia and admission to secondary and higher education and paid work, provided the setting for women's changing status. Their increasing agency – an agency many women worked to secure – encouraged women to challenge many traditional practices.     

RACIALLY HOMOPHILOUS SOCIAL TIES AND INFORMAL SOCIAL CONTROL

Social disorganization theory argues that racial/ethnic heterogeneity is a key neighborhood characteristic leading to social disorganization and, consequently, higher levels of crime. Heterogeneity's effect is argued to be a result of its fragmentation of social ties along racial/ethnic lines, which creates racially homophilous social networks with few ties bridging racial/ethnic groups. Most studies of social ties in social disorganization models, however, have examined their quantity and left unaddressed the extent to which ties are within or across different racial groups. This study goes beyond previous studies by examining the effects of both racially homophilous and interracial friendship networks on informal social control. Using multilevel models and data from 66 neighborhoods with approximately 2,300 respondents, we found that heterogeneity actually increased the average percentage of residents with interracial friendship networks, but the percentage of residents with interracial networks decreased the likelihood of informal social control. In contrast, the percentage of residents with White racially homophilous networks increased the likelihood of informal social control. Examining the microcontext of individuals’ networks, however, we found residents with interracial ties reported higher likelihoods of informal social control and that this effect was enhanced in neighborhoods with higher percentages of non‐White racially homophilous networks.     

刑事鉴定质量控制体系构建

针对刑事鉴定质量方面存在的问题,应确立刑事鉴定质量控制的标准,建立刑事鉴定质量控制体系。具体地说,应从明确鉴定人及其鉴定机构职责,完善鉴定结论标准,规范鉴定材料收集、保全等过程,完善刑事鉴定法律程序等方面对刑事鉴定质量实行控制。     

再论股票期权——基于中国国情的公司治理实践

公司"两权分离"引发了其管理人员的"代理问题",为克服公司(股东)与其管理人员行为目标的不相一致问题,股票期权这一能将公司管理人员劳动付出及其薪酬与公司业绩结合且卓有成效的长期激励方式在西方国家应运而生。长期以来,我国公司经营的低效率与其激励机制的欠缺不无关系,结合我国公司治理实践并借鉴股票期权这一制度对提升公司价值将著有裨益。     

关注网络安全

2 1世纪是信息产业飞速发展的时代 ,这对网络安全提出了前所未有的要求 ,文章对网络安全的现状进行了分析 ,并就如何保证计算机信息系统的保密性、完整性和可用性提出了相应的控制对策。     

警务人员在禁毒执法中的新挑战

随着禁毒形势的日益严峻及艾滋病迅速蔓延对公众社会造成的威胁和危害,减低毒品危害系列政策应运而生,警务人员在执法工作中的新困难也随之产生。一是执行减低毒品危害措施存在着法律障碍,导致执法警察有可能对一些违反禁毒法律法规的行为抱“忽视”态度;二是随着减低危害工作加入警察执法内容中,警察工作将会比以前更辛苦、艰难;三是禁毒工作还得寻找新的有效措施与其他部门合作。