管制刑执行中存在的问题及对策探讨

管制刑是我国所独创的一种刑罚 ,在历史上曾经发挥了不可替代的重要作用 ,但今天 ,管制刑的执行面临诸多问题 ,难于实现刑罚的特殊预防与一般预防功能。因此 ,必须对管制刑作出必要的改革 ,完善立法 ,改革执行机构和执行方式 ,以适应时代和社会发展之要求 ,确保管制刑刑罚目的的实现。     

美国与日本的反毒政策可借镜之观点与对策（节选）

近年来 ,台湾面临严重的药物滥用问题 ,对社会治安、民众健康与青少年生存发展 ,均造成重大之伤害 ,实为当前政府与社会之重要课题。美日两国亦颇为毒品所苦 ,其两国对毒品之防治亦不遗余力。他山之石或可攻玉。本文旨在探讨美日两国药物滥用之防治措施 ,并借由归纳两国之防治措施以提供评估相似策略之参考     

对我国通信侦控的法律思考

通信侦控是目前行之有效的侦查工作方式之一,属于强制性侦查措施,我国相关法律对通信侦控的主体、目的、范围、对象、方式方法、法律程序等方面及其他事项作了一些规定,但存在着立法滞后等诸多问题,因此要加强立法,对上述问题进行规范和制约。     

论内部会计控制

随着经济规模的扩大和经营业务的多元化,外部审计机构对企业经济活动的独立审计越来越困难。尤其是抽样审计面对庞大而又繁杂的业务量,问题越来越多。为了最大限度地确保企业会计信息的真实,借助企业本身的力量延伸审计职能,不失为一条有效的途径。强化内部会计控制,并随经济环境的变化不断发展其内涵与外延,无论从数量、还是质量来说,是审计等外部监管部门确保会计信息真实、有效,加强基础力量的坚实基础。     

略论我国土壤污染防治法的基本原则

土壤污染防治法的基本原则是贯穿于土壤污染防治法律之中的根本指导思想或准则,是土壤污染防治法的本质与价值的交接点,对于土壤污染防治法的运作具有现实的意义,它也是克服土壤污染防治法成为成文法局限性的有效工具。土壤污染防治法的基本原则包括预防原则、可持续利用原则、污染者付费原则与综合生态系统管理原则,这四项基本原则是一个有机联系的整体。     

商业贿赂犯罪长效控制机制思考

商业贿赂是中国社会转型时期经济腐败现象最为重要的形式之一。我国为治理商业贿赂而全面启动的专项斗争产生了积极的效果。然而，构建于传统的、以“二元论”企业角色观为基础。以作为受贿主体的国家工作人员为规制重点的商业贿赂犯罪控制模式。并未切中商业贿赂犯罪“上游犯罪”之根本。具有一定的局限性。以“一元论”企业角色观为基础，以企业社会责任为视角，以作为行贿主体的企业及其工作人员为规制重点，提出商业贿赂治理新思路，并以此构建中国反商业贿赂长效机制，可以弥补传统治理商业贿赂思路的局限性。     

论城市社会面的治安防控

城市社会面与市民的关系极为密切，其治安状况直接影响到市民的安全感。当前，影响社会面治安的主要因素是某些多发性犯罪，而要从根本上消除犯罪困难很大。公安机关应当转变思路，通过消除犯罪所需的时空条件和被害人条件来减少犯罪实施的可能性，进而减少和消除犯罪，实现社会面治安的迅速好转。     

再论法治的价值

主流观点认为,法治的核心价值是人的尊严与自由。这是一个可以质疑的观点。在百年中国的历史上,法治的价值主要被理解为救亡与治乱;对于不同的主体而言,法治的价值与意义也是不一样的。要全面地理解法治的价值,有必要把法治的价值分为两个层面：直接价值与间接价值。     

MENTORS AND CRIMINAL ACHIEVEMENT*

Much of the research focusing on conventional occupations concludes that mentored individuals are more successful in their careers than those who are not mentored. Early research in criminology made a similar claim. Yet contemporary criminology has all but ignored mentors. We investigate this oversight, drawing on Sutherland's insights on tutelage and criminal maturation and incorporating ideas on human and social capital. We argue that mentors play a key role in their protégés' criminal achievements and examine this hypothesis with data from a recent survey of incarcerated adult male offenders in the Canadian province of Quebec. In this sample, a substantial proportion of respondents reported the presence of an influential individual in their lives who introduced them to a criminal milieu and whom they explicitly regarded as a mentor. After studying the attributes of offenders and their mentors, we develop a causal framework that positions criminal mentor presence within a pathway that leads to greater benefits and lower costs from crime.     

Toward a control theory of white-collar offending

In this study, Hirschi's control theory was conceptually developed and empirically tested as a rationale for white-collar offending. The data were gathered from a sample of 435 executives who were employees of a multinational automobile manufacturer. Results suggest that factors within the corporation such as managerial attachments, work commitment and involvement, and belief in corporate rules significantly affect individual rates of executive self-reported offending. In particular, those executives who possessed the strongest bond to their manager, their co-workers, and the corporation itself were least likely to report having engaged in a white-collar crime. Theoretical implications of these findings and how they relate to extant theories of white-collar criminality are discussed.Portions of this paper were presented at the 39th Annual Meeting of the American Society of Criminology, Montreal, November 16, 1987.