Narcotics and Drug Abuse

Fifty years ago, the U.S. President's Commission on Law Enforcement and Administration of Justice saw drugs as a modest but growing problem for the criminal justice system. The reemergence of heroin occupied the Commission's attention. Many recommendations are admirable, such as a focus on public health interventions and a concern about the appropriateness of criminal prohibitions on marijuana use. Throughout the past 50 years, the problem has both massively expanded and changed in many ways; the principal drug of abuse has shifted multiple times, as has the populations most affected by them. Policy, largely stuck on tough enforcement for 30 years, is now moving in a direction more consistent with the Commission's views. Researchers have made only modest advances in understanding what enforcement can do to reduce drug use and related problems, but society has made some progress in developing interventions that have both a sound theoretical base and the promise of avoiding the unintended negative consequences of the highly punitive system of the 1980s and 1990s. A Commission in 2018 would face a much different and larger problem that has transformed many aspects of criminal justice. Investing in more data collection and evaluation research would be among its major recommendations, as would an admission of considerable uncertainty about what to do with the latest twist in the U.S. drug problem, the addition of the much more dangerous fentanyls.     

建国初期河北省禁烟禁毒运动若干措施浅析

中华人民共和国建立初期,河北省开展了声势浩大的禁烟禁毒斗争。在短短三年时间里,就从源头上基本解决了旧中国历届政府所无法解决的烟毒泛滥问题,树立了“无毒省”的形象。当时河北省在禁烟禁毒运动中采取的各种措施,为当前禁毒斗争提供了一些历史参照。     

运输毒品罪疑难问题研究

运输毒品是指在一个法域内 ,行为人以流通毒品为目的 ,认识到是毒品但不明知毒品的用途 ,采用各种方式流通毒品 ,并不根据自己的意志使毒品流通于不同的控制者。帮助吸毒者运输、转移毒品的行为可能构成非法持有毒品罪。行为人携带枪支运输毒品的行为应根据不同情况具体分析     

ASSESSING SUBSTANCE ABUSE QUESTIONS IN CHILD CUSTODY EVALUATIONS

Substance use is rampant in contemporary society, but little attention has been paid to it in the context of child custody evaluations (CCEs). This article provides concrete suggestions for integrating issues about substance abuse into a more overarching CCE and discusses specific assessment strategies.     

滥用药物体内代谢的研究进展

毒品在体内尿苷二磷酸葡醛酸转移酶、细胞色素P450、羧酸酯酶、磺基转移酶、丁酰胆碱酯酶、儿茶酚-O-甲基转移酶和吗啡6-脱氢酶等代谢酶催化下,发生葡萄糖醛酸化、水解、氧化、磺酸化等多种反应,生成有活性或者无活性的代谢产物,然后经尿液、胆汁或者其他途径排出体外。不同毒品的代谢途径不同。本文介绍了近年来吗啡类、苯丙胺类、氯胺酮、大麻类和可卡因等毒品在人和动物体内的代谢研究,综述了这些毒品体内代谢的代谢部位、代谢酶、代谢产物及其生理活性的研究进展。     

激光拉曼光谱对苯骈杂氮（堇）类药物的定性检测

目的 建立用拉曼光谱检测苯骈杂氮革类药物的定性方法.方法 利用激光拉曼光谱仪对10种苯骈杂氮革类药物进行检验.结果 10种苯骈杂氮（萆）类药物的主成分均能被拉曼准确检出.结论 该法能较好地对苯骈杂氮革类药物固体样品快速定性分析.     

固相微萃取在苯丙胺类毒品分析中的应用

固相微萃取(solid phase microextraction, SPME)作为一种新型样品前处理技术已受到广泛关注。由于SPME集采样、萃取、浓缩、进样于一体,克服了传统样品前处理技术步骤繁琐、耗时耗力、所需样品量大等诸多缺点,因此在对生物样品中毒品等目标物的分析中具有巨大的应用潜力。本文以纤维SPME技术为例,综述了该技术在苯丙胺类毒品分析中的研究进展,并对其发展方向进行了展望。     

新型毒品的种类及其对人体的危害

新型毒品在我国从无到有,近年来在我国的滥用有愈演愈烈之势。目前,许多人对新型毒品还存在着认识上的误区,认为它是一种软性毒品,成瘾性、对身体的危害性远远不及传统毒品。其实新型毒品毒性巨大,成瘾性更强,服用毒品后造成的危害更大,戒除毒瘾更难。文章在介绍新型毒品的种类的基础上,对目前在我国滥用的甲基苯丙胺、摇头丸、氯胺酮等对人体的危害进行综述,以期人们能对新型毒品有一个清醒的认识。     

浅谈对吸毒者的心理矫治

吸毒对于一个人、一个家庭、一个国家来讲具有极大的危害,因此帮助吸毒者彻底摆脱毒瘾成为十分迫切的社会工作。本文分析了吸毒者的心理原因,提供了心理矫治的方法。     

中华民国时期西北地区的烟毒及禁政

本文研究了中华民国时期西北地区烟毒发展概况和北洋政府、南京国民政府时期西北地方政府的禁政措施。西北烟毒泛滥和西北军阀的破禁、勒种纵贩以及寓禁于征、烟土垄断有关 ,禁烟法令成为具文。南京国民政府六年禁政使烟毒泛滥得到一定的控制 ,但和预期仍有相当差距 ,其中原因与南京国民政府基于社会本位立法思想对禁烟和领事裁判权、断禁和渐禁、禁和征三大关系的认识以及具体禁烟的方式不无关系。前人的经验和教训值得我们借鉴。