毛泽东对中国社会主义事业的历史性贡献

把中国的民主革命引向社会主义的前途,并在基本条件具备的情况下,使之成为现实的社会制度,这是毛泽东对中国社会主义事业的一大历史性贡献。在如何建设社会主义的问题上,毛泽东提出进行马列主义同中国实际的第二次结合的历史性任务,努力探索一条适合中国国情的社会主义建设道路。在全国执政条件下能否找到一条保证党和人民政权纯洁性的有效途径,是毛泽东为之不懈努力和探索的一个重大的理论和实践问题。     

环境监管行政责任实现不能及其成因分析

环境监管行政责任实现不能,是指因多种因素的制约或影响,行政责任追究主体对已经客观存在的、应依法追究行政责任的环境监管违法行为,不追究或者不能追究行政责任的情形 它是当今中国环境行政责任实现方面所存在的最为突出、危害性最大的问题,也是制约我国环境监管实效的重要因素之一导致环境监管行政责任实现不能的原因复杂而多元,其中环境监管行政责任制度严重缺失、环境监管及其行政责任实现的体制障碍、传统发展观与政绩观的阻却、以“官本位”为代表的传统思想观念的束缚、行政伦理失范的影响等是最直接的原因.     

Fentanyl concentrations in 23 postmortem cases from the hennepin county medical examiner's office

The purpose of this study was to compare blood fentanyl concentrations in fentanyl-related deaths with fentanyl concentrations found incidentally at autopsy, as well as with fentanyl concentrations found in hospitalized patients receiving fentanyl. Between the years 1997 to 2005, 23 fentanyl-positive postmortem cases were identified. Nineteen of 23 (82.6%) cases were deemed to be drug overdoses. Fentanyl alone was responsible for 8 of the 19 (42.1%) overdose deaths. Mean and median fentanyl concentrations were 36 (SD 38) microg/L and 22 microg/L, respectively, range 5-120 microg/L. Seven of the cases were accidental, one undetermined. The remaining 11 of the 19 (57.9%) cases were mixed drug overdoses. Fentanyl concentrations in these cases were 31 (SD 46) microg/L, range 5-152 microg/L. All of the mixed drug overdoses were determined to be accidental. Four cases where fentanyl was considered an incidental postmortem finding were determined to be natural deaths. In hospitalized inpatients (n = 11) receiving fentanyl 2 of the patients receiving fentanyl for chronic pain for more than 3 months had concentrations of 8.5 microg/L and 9.9 microg/L. The other nine inpatient concentrations were less than 4 microg/L. In conclusion, blood fentanyl concentrations found in cases where fentanyl alone was determined to be the cause of death were similar to cases where fentanyl was part of a mixed drug overdose. There was also considerable overlap between fentanyl concentrations in fentanyl-related overdose deaths compared to hospitalized patients being treated for chronic pain. Fentanyl concentrations in postmortem cases must be interpreted in the context of the deceased's past medical history and autopsy findings.     

外伤后流产23例法医学鉴定回顾性分析

目的分析外伤后流产案例法医学临床鉴定的特点,探究外伤与流产之间的因果关系。方法收集近年中国医科大学法医学院临床法医学教研室外伤后流产法医学鉴定共23例,总结和分析外伤后流产案例的特点。结果23例外伤后流产法医学鉴定例均为早期流产,体表损伤轻微,伤后短时间内出现阴道流血,并在较短时间内流产。高龄孕妇、农村人口和无业人员所占比例大。结论流产原因较多,对于外伤后流产的法医学鉴定案例,只有排除非外伤性因素后,才能认定为外伤性流产;对于不能排除非外伤性流产因素的案例,可根据具体情况分析损伤为流产的主要原因、次要原因或诱因。     

现阶段彝族地区应对处置群体性事件研究

凉山彝族自治州是我国最大的彝族聚居区。凉山彝族地区社会治安是一个十分复杂的问题,它既有奴隶社会的沉渣泛起,又有在新时期出现的新情况、新问题。特别是随着改革开放的不断深入和社会主义市场经济体制的建立,产生了许多新的社会矛盾,给彝族地区的社会政治稳定和经济健康发展造成极大的危害。凉山彝族地区近年来群体性事件的基本特点表现为:第一,短时间就能聚集大量人员参与;第二,参与者普遍表现出盲目性;第三,许多群体性事件如果没有及时、妥善地处理,往往会演变成聚众打砸的恶劣行为。     

全力防范偶发事件转化为大规模群体性事件——抓好源头治理和初期处置

近年来,因偶发因素引发的群体性事件逐渐增多,社会危害极其严重,已成为影响社会和谐、稳定的突出问题,如不能有效加以防范和控制,极易引发社会骚动,甚至造成局部社会动荡。偶发事件引发社会骚动存在一定的必然因素,它反映的是我国社会转型、经济转轨时期的深层次社会矛盾,所暴露出来的是政府职能部门及其党员干部在工作理念、工作机制、工作方式中存在的一些不足和弊端。     

党内不良文化因子的制度之源及改革之路

中国共产党是一个具有十分优良的政党文化的政党。但长期以来党内也存在着一些不良文化因子。这些不良文化因子的生成既有传统历史文化的原因,也有党的自身结构和制度的原因。就自身的结构和制度而言,党内过分集中的权力结构是不良文化因子生成的制度环境。涤除这些不良文化因子,最重要的途径就是改革和完善党内各项制度以及优化党政领导体制。     

“套牌车”的防范打击研究

近年来,国内“套牌车”日益增多,引发了各种社会危害,不仅给道路交通安全带来了威胁,损害了国家和群众的利益,还滋生出系列社会问题和法律问题。“套牌车”大量涌现主要是因为法律法规不完善和打击难度较大。防范打击措施是：完善立法,加大打击力度;严格执法,加强管控;提高车主的自我保护意识。     

原因自由行为探析

本文围绕着原因自由行为之法理的历史发展、体系位置、适用范围、与“同在原则”及完全昏醉罪的关系等问题进行了论述。就我国而言,最优的解决方案就是在刑法总则中设置关于原因自由行为的提示性条款,在分则危害公共安全罪一章中设置完全昏醉罪的条款。     

Child Fatalities in Dammam: A Call for Child Fatality Reviews in Arab Countries

Identifying children's risk exposure is the first step toward mortality prevention. This retrospective study determined the causes of child fatalities in Dammam, Saudi Arabia. Death reports of children and adolescents from 1999 to 2015 (N = 157) were analyzed. Boys represented most cases (69%) and there were two age peaks (1–5 years and 16–18 years). Accidents (typically immersion) defined the main death circumstance (51%) followed by homicide (25%). Only 33% of cases underwent autopsy, and the most common cause of death was head injury (27%) followed by firearm injury. Only one immersion death underwent autopsy. This study revealed important data about the risk exposure of children in Dammam and emphasizes deficient investigative procedures. Child fatality reviews comprise systematic data collection by multidisciplinary teams to determine the true risks toward children in a community. Such teams do not exist in Arab countries; therefore, strategies should be implemented to initiate them.