清前期对广西与越南边境贸易的管理

清代前期,广西与越南之间的边境贸易作为双方交流的一种手段,随着清王朝实现对广西地区的有效管辖而逐步展开,而清统治者为稳固统治,安辑边疆亦加强了对双方边境贸易的管理及控制。本文主要从清前期统治者对广西与越南边境贸易所持的态度、管理策略、管理措施等几个方面进行了阐述,并分析了清前期统治者管理广西与越南边境贸易的思路及原则。     

论警察机构的早期预警系统

早期预警系统能减少警察机构面临的投诉，减少程序错误，有效地分析和解决问题。它有两类：一是简单的旗帜或者点数系统，一是多层次模型；包括三个基本的流程：选择、干预和后续监督。针对单个警察或者某个部门开展的风险评估是早期预警系统的核心组成部分。     

Improving Cost-effectiveness and Facilitating Participation of Developing Countries in International Emissions Trading

This paper discusses ways in which the next climate agreement – a renegotiated Kyoto Protocol or a second-period agreement – can be made more cost-effective. The discussion focuses on the design of international emissions trading to facilitate early participation by developing countries. Four aspects are highlighted: the design of compensation rules, the need to regulate the use of the CDM, the effect of allowing borrowing and the implications of a Commitment Period Reserve.     

日据时期台湾民族运动中的阶级斗争问题——以台湾民众党为中心之研究

台湾民众党成立之初主张阶级调和,但在台湾工农运动蓬勃发展的推动下,党的政策逐渐左倾,转而主张在民族运动中同时开展阶级斗争,从而与代表地主资产阶级利益的党内稳健派产生根本性的冲突,最终导致民众党的分裂,日本殖民当局乘机取缔民众党,台湾民族运动遭到中挫.在日本殖民主义强大到足以扑灭任何革命运动的历史条件下,台湾的无产阶级应当如何行动,颇值得思考.     

建国初期政治社会化述评

建国初期,中国共产党进行了政治社会化的崭新尝试。一方面,巩固了新政权,促进了新民主主义建设,并为最终确立社会主义制度奠定了坚实的基础;另一方面,党在推行政治社会化的过程中,既积累了丰富的经验,也留下了不少教训。     

EARLY LIFE RISKS,ANTISOCIAL TENDENCIES,AND PRETEEN DELINQUENCY

Early age‐of‐onset delinquency and substance use confer a major risk for continued criminality, alcohol and drug abuse, and other serious difficulties throughout the life course. Our objective is to examine the developmental roots of preteen delinquency and substance use. By using nationally representative longitudinal data from the UK Millennium Cohort Study (N= 13,221), we examine the influence of early childhood developmental and family risks on latent pathways of antisocial tendencies from 3 to 7 years of age, and the influence of those pathways on property crime and substance use by 11 years of age. We identified a normative, nonantisocial pathway; a pathway marked by oppositional behavior and fighting; a pathway marked by impulsivity and inattention; and a rare pathway characterized by a wide range of antisocial tendencies. Children with developmental and family risks that emerged by 3 years of age—specifically difficult infant temperament, low cognitive ability, weak parental closeness, and disadvantaged family background—face increased odds of antisocial tendencies. Minimal overlap is found between the risk factors for early antisocial tendencies and those for preteen delinquency. Children on an antisocial pathway are more likely to engage in preteen delinquency and substance use by 11 years of age even after accounting for early life risk factors.     

EARLY NEUTRAL EVALUATIONS: APPLICATIONS TO CUSTODY AND PARENTING TIME CASES PROGRAM DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION IN HENNEPIN COUNTY,MINNESOTA

A program to apply Early Neutral Evaluation (ENE), a confidential, settlement‐oriented and accelerated alternative dispute resolution technique, to child custody and parenting time cases has been cooperatively developed by Hennepin county Family Court Services and the Minnesota Fourth Judicial District Family Court. Parties are referred by the court to a male/female team of experienced neutral evaluators for early feedback on the probable outcome of a full evaluation and an opportunity to negotiate a settlement. It has proven to be a highly successful program in its first 2 years, with the majority of cases reaching an early settlement. The ENE program reduces the stress and expense of custody disputes for clients, expedites judicial case management, maximizes Family Court Services staff efficiency, and focuses subsequent evaluations on critical issues.     

20世纪初俄国政治制度透析——根据六部制宪文件

20世纪初俄国政治制度的演变问题日益引起学术界的注意,作为封建专制制度的总代表沙皇为什么走上立宪道路又在多大程度上接受立宪制度以及当时俄国社会制度的性质等问题正引起学者们的关注。以新公布的材料,选择一个新的研究视角,我们可以看出,从沙皇颁布的一系改革文件中,最具有代表性的六部法律文件,反映了俄国社会政治制度演变的轨迹。其结论是,沙皇接受立宪完全是形势所逼,虽然俄国勉强地由封建专制体制转向二元君主立宪体制,但是沙皇仍然居于国家权利的主导地位;而俄国真正实现社会政治制度的变革,其途径只能是通过革命。     

公安机关社会稳定预警略论

社会稳定预警和公安机关社会稳定预警的概念、特点都有区别,公安机关应根据社会稳定预警的指标体系,确立选取原则,完善公安机关社会稳定预警的工作程序及制度。     

我国审前羁押制度的不足与完善

我国当前的审前羁押制度并不完善，既未确立适用该制度的法律规则体系，也缺乏与之相适应的监督、救济机制，以至于其在具体适用中存在羁押率过高、超期羁押现象屡禁不绝等顽症。应当从加强控制、引入保释制度、建立健全监督、审查机制等方面对审前羁押制度进行完善。