Distant relatives? Demographic determinants of long-term developments in intergenerational proximity,The Netherlands 1650–1899

In this paper, we investigate what late timing of marriage combined with neo-locality in early modern Western Europe actually implied for the likelihood of upward intergenerational support. In our analysis of genealogical data from the Netherlands (1650–1899) we show that due to high marriage ages and small spousal age gaps, life cycles of children and their parents were going through difficult periods at the same time, with the elderly as potential victims. To some extent, the risk of ‘hardship’ was compensated for by relatively small geographical distances between the parental and children’s households, allowing for exchange of support. We discuss our outcomes in the broader context of alternative options and elderly care arrangements that were developed from the early modern period onwards.     

进城老人的社会排斥与整合社工介入探讨

越来越多的农村老人进入到城市生活,面临来自于家庭、社区以及社会政策多方面的排斥而难以适应和融入。社会工作者应该采取整合的社工介入策略,从个人、家庭、社区以及社会政策多层面帮助农村老年人应对以及改变社会排斥,帮助他们适应和融入城市生活。     

和谐社会构建下老年人犯罪预防

随着社会的发展，一些国家相继步入“老龄化”社会，中国也不例外。目前，我国60岁以上的老人有1．85亿人，占全国总人口的13．7％。并且我国的“老龄化”社会还具有“未富先老”的特征。长期以来．理论和实务界对青壮年犯罪给予了比较多的关注，但对老年人犯罪关注甚少。但现实中由老年人引发的犯罪却屡见不鲜，并有逐步增长的趋势。老年人作为一个特殊群体，其生存状态与目前提出的“诚信友爱、安定有序”和谐社会的建设休戚相关。因此，以老年人犯罪为切入点，探寻预防老年人犯罪的对策。有助于促进和谐社会的构建。     

Socialization of Service for the Elderly and Social Governance Innovation：in the Case of Zhejiang Province

In the socialization process of services for the elderly, guiding the social subjects to participate in solving the imbalance problem of supply and demand has become the basic target. Based on the local practical experience in Zhejiang Province, the paper presents different innovated service models and emphasizes the significance of social governance innovation. Based on this, this paper analyzes such problems as social subjects' lack of motivation, the poor coordination of cooperation mechanism and the inadequacy of effective supply. The researcher also puts forward relevant countermeasures in the aspects of capacity building, mechanism innovation, and content innovation. The paper concludes that the services for the elderly are supposed to promote social governance innovation in the institutions and mechanisms.     

对做好新形势下老年工作的思考

随着社会的进步和发展,老年工作不断受到广大群众的关注和重视。作为一名老年工作者,应认真研究老年工作的特点和规律,准确领会党的老年工作方针和政策,更好地为老同志们服务,让离退休老同志切实感受到党和政府的关怀。同时,虚心向老同志们学习,不断提高自己的工作能力和水平,努力使自己成为具有丰富知识和过硬本领的老年工作者。     

中国低龄女性老年人力资源开发问题探讨

低龄老年人力资源开发是缓解中国老龄化问题的战略性手段，女性相较于男性而言，寿命更长且生理心理上都具有其特定的优势，但中国低龄女性老年人力资源开发长期以来被忽视，因此，促进低龄女性就业前景光明。根据中国低龄女性老年人力资源开发现状，结合外国实践经验，中国应从改变传统观念、完善机制政策、提供低龄女性老年培训和适当延长女性退休年龄等方面进行改进，以此促进低龄女性老年人力资源开发。     

老年人交通事故精神伤残鉴定的临床特征分析

目的探讨老年人交通事故受伤后精神伤残鉴定临床特征。方法对109例老年人发生交通事故受伤后精神伤残司法鉴定资料进行回顾性分析,并与非老年组进行对照研究。结果老年人多为被动性损伤、受伤后颅内血肿发生率高、致残的原因88．07％是智能及精神障碍所致,损伤程度及伤残等级以中、重度多见。结论最佳评残时机为脑外伤一年后为宜,应结合老年人的心理、生理特点,提高交通安全防范意识。     

对农村空巢老人养老保障问题的思考

农村空巢老人的数量已日益庞大,由此带来的一系列养老保障问题越来越突出。阐述了农村空巢老人的生存现状,重点分析了农村空巢老人在生产劳动、经济来源、日常生活、精神供养等方面存在的养老保障问题,指出了人口流动、社会保障、生活理念等使农村空巢老人出现养老问题的原因,并在农村经济发展、养老保障、社区养老、精神文化活动等方面提出了完善农村空巢老人养老保障的建议。     

The Third Sector and Residential Care for the Elderly in China's Transitional Welfare Economy

This article examines third‐sector welfare homes for Chinese elderly and argues that four factors affect their survival and development prospects: the extent care establishments meet the needs of their users; how successfully they manage their human resources; whether they ensure their financial sustainability; and whether they satisfy the expectations of their investors. The data reveal that while care homes generally serve their customers well and maintain staff satisfaction, they encounter difficulties in financing and service operation that pose grave challenges to their investors. The resulting problems cast a shadow over the future prospects of old‐age care homes and raise questions concerning the state's non‐profit policy.