Button-less on the information superhighway: Issues of ideological horizons in environmental communication amongst communities at fish-landing sites along Lake Victoria in Uganda

Abstract

The article addresses issues of ideological horizons in relation to the information superhighway, as they affect environmental communication, with a special focus on grassroots communities at fish-landing sites along Lake Victoria, in Uganda. While in the ‘button society’ a great deal of information is accessible at the push of a button, the most that button-less grassroots societies have to contend with, is a simple radio switch. Given this continuum of ideological horizons, both communities cannot interpret environmental management concerns in the same way. Conceptually, the article is guided by Hall's encoding and decoding framework, whereby due to a failure to share ‘meaning’ (between the two parties) miscommunication arises. The discussion is based on findings of a survey for a research project that sought to find behavioural change communication strategies that can be used to empower grassroots communities to participate more in managing their local environment in a sustainable way. The research looked at the communication of environmental issues pertaining to solid waste management and sanitation. The major question of interest to the discussion is why there is continued environmental degradation at Lake Victoria fish-landing sites, despite the available environmental information and existing frameworks for ensuring proper environmental management.     

加大农村生态环境综合整治力度 改善农村人居环境

该文通过对辽宁省农村生态环境现状、综合整治情况等进行的实地调查,找出了目前辽宁农村生态环境建设中存在的问题和主客观原因,提出了解决问题的建议和对策。     

Going green: Explaining issue competition on the environment

This study addresses the dynamics of the issue space in multiparty systems by examining to what extent, and under what conditions, parties respond to the issue ownership of other parties on the green issue. To understand why some issues become part and parcel of the political agenda in multiparty systems, it is crucial not only to examine the strategies of issue entrepreneurs, but also the responses of other parties. It is argued that the extent to which other parties respond to, rather than ignore, the issue mobilisation of green parties depends on two factors: how much of an electoral threat the green party poses to a specific party; and the extent to which the political and economic context makes the green issue a potential vote winner. To analyse the evolution of the green issue, a time‐series cross‐section analysis is conducted using data from the Comparative Manifestos Project for 19 West European countries from 1980–2010. The findings have important implications for understanding issue evolution in multiparty systems and how and why the dynamics of party competition on the green issue vary across time and space.     

论环境税收法律制度: 理论支撑、国外实践和启示简

环境税收法律制度以外部性理论、公共物（产）品理论和可持续发展理论为理论支撑;发达国家通过开征多种环境税、对原有税种进行有利于环境保护的调整等约束性的环境税收措施和通过对环保产品、环保技术、环保投资以及环保行为等方面进行税收优惠的激励性的环境税收措施,不仅有效地利用和保护了资源和环境,还为完善环境税收法律制度提供了如下经验与启示：进行环境税收立法,开征环境税要循序渐进,逐步实施;设计适合本国国情的具有可操作性的环境税收法律制度;多种环境保护手段协调配合,建立混合制度;在绿化现有税收的同时开征多种环境保护税;中央和地方的环境税收征管权限应清晰明确;税款应专款专用;税务部门应与其他部门进行合作;履行国际义务等。     

网络环境中公民参与的时代价值及路径选择

以互联网为核心的信息网络技术革命更加凸显了公民参与的时代价值,同时也给公民参与带来了许多困境。全面分析网络环境中公民参与的尴尬局面,寻求摆脱这些困境的路径选择,对于引导中国公民理性地进行参与活动,促进中国公民参与的有序化发展具有重要的理论和现实意义。     

环境利益的民事立法保护与救济

民法能够有效地发挥其维护主体民事权益的功能,就是因为其拥有一整套完备的民事权益体系,并针对民事权益进行全面的保护与救济。现如今,处在环境问题以及其带来危机的大背景之下,应将"环境利益"纳入民事立法之中,促使主体利用自然环境的权利得到民事法律的保护与救济。通过确认环境物权、引入环境人格权,以及对《侵权责任法》相关内容的完善,进一步加强环境利益在民事立法中的保护与救济。     

Management of Megaproject During the Turbulent Period of Economic and Political Transformation in Slovakia

Megaprojects have distinctive characters when compared with smaller construction projects. Cost overruns and time delays are quite common. Risk management of such projects is quite complex, and many risks are not evident at the beginning. We deal in detail with serious political risks that are quite strong especially in Central and Eastern Europe. At the end, the author outlines the economic impact of the project as well as possible lessons that were acquired during its realization. In the present paper, the author analyzes the process of completion of Units 3 and 4 of the nuclear power plant （NPP） in Mochovce--the largest megaproject ever realized in Slovakia. Large and complex projects, especially highways, bridges, and NPPs are unique in that their construction ventures into the jurisdictions of many other utilities and disciplines, and they tend to affect large industrial or commercial areas. As such, they influence and get influenced by many stakeholders. Project managers who are not attentively interacting the project environment are likely to face difficulties during planning and execution of their projects. Stakeholder management is a major activity in projects. This is further emphasized when projects are large and complex by nature.     

Proteolytic‐Based Method for the Identification of Human Growth Hormone*

Abstract: Human growth hormone (HGH) is a relatively small protein consisting of 191 amino acids and has an average mass of 22,125 amu. The forensic analysis of proteins such as HGH must meet the analytical sufficiency requirements for the laboratory and consists of a binary approach. A suspected sample is analyzed as the whole protein for retention time and mass determination using high performance liquid chromatography equipped with a photodiode array and liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. Further fragmentation of the protein using a proteolytic enzyme adds another dimension to the specificity of the analysis. Porcine trypsin digests proteins in a very predictable manner and yields peptide fragments of the original protein that can be used as a means for fingerprinting the larger biomolecule. In silico, or theoretical, digestion of HGH by trypsin yields 21 peptides ranging in size from 1 to 23 amino acids in length. The larger fragments containing higher numbers of amino acids give more specificity to identifying a protein based on a fragment produced by the digestion of trypsin. Herein, the analysis of HGH using a proteolytic approach is presented that meets the Scientific Working Group for the Analysis of Seized Drugs (SWGDRUG) recommendations for the identification of unknown substances.     

环境侵权民事诉讼举证责任分配之比较研究

在环境侵权民事诉讼中,举证责任分配的合理与否关系到环境法目的的实现和环境诉讼程序价值的发挥.但传统举证责任分配理论对环境诉讼而言具有不适应性.因此,两大法系对环境诉讼都发展了举证责任分配理论.通过比较考察发现,环境诉讼的举证责任分配应当按照公平正义原则,结合环境诉讼的特点,从举证难易程度、环境立法宗旨、平等保护和环境侵权纠纷的多样性等因素来综合衡量.相比之下,我国环境案件举证责任分配的慕本规则还存在诸多缺陷,因此应规定较为开放的举证责任分配制度原则.     

公共信托原则与土地环境损害赔偿的甄别标准

作为英美法系的一项古老原则,公共信托原则指的是政府应当保障社会公众能实现对环境资源所应当享有的权益,有时出于公共利益不得不使个人的财产权利作出一定的让步。但公共信托原则的适用经常与美国宪法的公用征收条款发生混淆或冲突,特别是如果事前政府并未获得财产所有权,却实际上由于对私人财产造成环境损害而侵犯了私人财产所有者对其财产享有的权利,政府是否应当向财产所有者赔偿损失,这就涉及公共信托原则与反向征收的甄别。二者甄别标准的确定需要对一系列相互冲突的范畴进行权衡,如社会的经济发展目标与环境资源保护目标、私人所有权与公众对环境资源的正当权益、公民的生存权利与环境权利等,不同的案例凸现不同的社会需求,因而需要彰显的价值目标亦各有区别。