清朝民族立法特点之研究

清朝在民族立法方面曾经取得过巨大的成就,本文力图从民族立法的指导思想、民族立法的多样性、独特的民族法律内容、民族立法的实施保障等几方面,对清朝民族立法的主要特点进行分析.清朝的民族立法巩固和维护了多民族国家的统一和发展,加强了中央对少数民族聚居区的司法管辖,也为治理多民族国家积累了可贵的法制经验.     

20世纪前半叶的云南少数民族民间文学研究

云南有着得天独厚的少数民族民间文学资源 ,系统全面地对这些资源的发掘、整理与研究已经历了近百年历程。从 2 0世纪初开始发现云南少数民族民间文学的文学价值与学术价值 ,到 2 0世纪 5 0年代～ 60年代民间文学的大规模搜集与整理、 70年代末及 80年代的系统研究 ,直到 90年代以来的多维研究 ,云南少数民族民间文学取得了丰硕的成果 ,形成了一定的特色 ,但也存在着一些值得深思的问题。     

论南诏的民族政策

南诏是一个多民族集合体政权。其对辖地各民族的治策、移民政策和发展辖地各民族经济交流的政策,具有实用性、复杂性和灵活性的特点。南诏的民族政策,既巩固和发展了南诏的统治,也促进了云南及周边地区的社会发展和各民族的交往。南诏的民族政策也有局限性,主要表现在居于支配地位的白蛮和乌蛮贵族对其他民族进行压迫和掠夺。     

西部开发中少数民族民间文化资源的保护与开发--云南民族工艺村建设模式及思路研究

民族民间文化资源的保护、利用和开发将极大地促进西部边疆少数民族地区经济、社会、文化的进步和发展;同时,对少数民族在西部开发中的参与性发展和小康社会的全面建设都将具有现实意义。建设民族工艺村应是当前条件下实现少数民族民间文化资源保护与开发的一个有效途径。同时,民族工艺村建设可作三个层次———个体、社区、社会———和两种状态———静态的与动态的保护开发———的模式区分。建设民族工艺村过程中还有一些带有共性的问题值得注意。     

传统社会变迁与民族文化传承--以台湾泰雅人为例

传统文化变迁与民族文化传承,是民族学或文化人类学研究的重要问题。以台湾少数民族泰雅人为例,近百年来,他们彻底改变了原始农业与狩猎采集的经济,改变了传统社会制度,最终导致部落解体。但在发展旅游观光业时,泰雅人注重下一代的双语教学,开办了泰雅文化和语言课程,开展了传统技艺学习,以各种方式挽救传统文化,所取得的成绩和存在的问题具有一定的借鉴意义。     

推进民族地区文化体制改革

文化体制改革是民族文化发展的一项紧迫任务。民族地区文化体制改革要抓住机遇 ,理顺关系 ,发挥政府宏观调控作用 ,深化文化企事业单位内部改革 ,推进文化创新     

民族生态审美叙事中的隐喻交合功能

民族生态审美叙事的关键是科技隐喻与民族生态隐喻交合互动 ,它在正义性原则指导下可保证民族生存与文化具有可持续生存指标 ,一种吸收变革而不丧失认同性活力的能指 ,从而使人与自然及民族间的交往灵活地进行。进而 ,在科技隐喻与民族生态隐喻等“多重隐喻”的功能交合辐射的过程中 ,人类超越自身而形成把握实在意义的方式与前景 ,最终形成对科技导致的生态危机与民族冲突的超越。     

Police professionalism and cynicism reconsidered: An assessment of measurement issues

A hierarchical logistic model is used to analyze data on Three Strikes-eligible offenders in California and the counties in which they are sentenced. The analysis finds that discretion is widely exercised by elected prosecutors and judges in the administration of Three Strikes. Discretion functions as a “safety valve” and preserves some sentencing proportionality, but may also allow political concerns to influence sentencing decisions. A more conservative political environment is strongly associated with stricter application of the law. Consistent with racial threat theory, eligible felons are more likely to receive Three Strikes sentences in counties with larger Latino populations. However, the size of the black population has no significant effect. Higher unemployment rates are associated with more stringent application of the law. Prosecutorial and judicial discretion benefits offenders unequally. Controlling for legally relevant factors, black offenders are more likely to receive Three Strikes sentences, while younger ones are less likely.     

Means,Motives and Opportunities in Ethno-Nationalist Mobilization

Building on the most important theoretical tools from the literatures on social movements and nationalism, we propose a model of the intensity of nationalist political behavior in which a community's means, motives, and opportunities assume the central roles in the initiation and escalation of nationalist contentious politics. We then test this model using multinomial logit on original data from the seventeen autonomous communities of Spain over a twenty-year period. The results demonstrate that the means, motives, and opportunities assume vital, yet nonlinear, roles in determining a community's level of electoral, violent, and nonviolent contentious activity. The findings also show that there are crucial differences in what accounts for the moves to electoral contention, to protest, and to rebellion. Several of these factors are uniformly escalatory on the intensity of contention—especially repression, social mobilization, and regime change—while others, most importantly democracy, have a moderating effect on the generation of conflict. The results further imply processes of a diffusion of rebellious activities and of an organizational-level substitution effect between violent and nonviolent forms of political behavior. At the aggregate community level, however, escalation in contention involves a “cumulative effect” rather than a classic “substitution effect.”     

Hearing the voice of Donbas: art and literature as forms of cultural protest during war

This paper analyzes literary, visual, and street art works of writers and artists from Eastern Ukraine produced during 2014. Two Donetsk artists, Serhii Zakharov and Anzhela Dzherikh, and two Luhansk writers, Serhii Zhadan and Olena Stepova, play with the myth of the proletarian Donbas, on the one hand, and debunk the popular perception of Donbas people as being in consent with the politics of the self-proclaimed Donetsk and Luhansk People’s Republics, on the other. They explore familiar tropes and images of Donbas and use guerrilla tactics (shock effects, provocativeness, and deception) to initiate public reaction to the war. Their works are united by their search for a shared communication space and direct access to the audience on occupied territories. These artists challenge the accepted perception of Donbas as a free but uncivilized space and participate in the creation of a new Donbas text. The interaction between politics, art, and activism makes their voices and vision powerful and infectious and can help achieve civic consolidation in Donbas.