From ethnic exclusion to terrorism? The case of radical Basque nationalism

ABSTRACT

This article reflects upon the beginnings and development of radical Basque nationalism in light of its ethnic exclusion criteria. We argue that the existence of a tradition of “strong” alterity does not necessarily lead to the appearance of tendencies favoring the use of violence to confront the other. Without rejecting the importance of a discourse of hate proceeding from the past, such tendencies are due more to a combination of the historical context and individual and group decisions. It is important to bear this in mind to underscore the responsibilities of those who were not satisfied with constructing the image of a despicable enemy, but instead decided to employ violence to solve the problem that the latter might cause.     

Rural informalities and forest squatters in the reserved forests of Assam,India

It has now been well established that forests in South Asia are postcolonial political zones. In Assam, in northeast India this was accomplished through the colonial project of converting jungles into Reserved Forests. Using the politics of dokhol (“to grab or occupy by force”) as an entry point, this article examines the comparative epistemologies of squatting and informality in urban and rural contexts. My intent is to unpack the everyday practice, maintenance, and sustenance of dokhol within the reserved forests of Bodo Territorial Autonomous District. This entails an extension of existing scholarship on formal-informal dichotomies in relation to rural squatters, in particular those on forestland. I do so by combining an ethnographic study of dokhol by rural squatters with three influential strands of critical scholarship on urban squatting, namely Partha Chatterjee’s “political society,” Asaf Bayat’s “quiet encroachment,” and Ananya Roy’s take on planning and deregulation. This article advances the case of rural informalities and opens a dialogue between the two forms of informalities – rural and urban, especially in the context of South Asia.     

Party competition over decentralisation: The influence of ideology and electoral incentives on issue emphasis

Under what conditions is decentralisation a salient issue for state‐wide political parties? It is argued in this article that the extent to which state‐wide parties emphasise decentralisation depends on their strategic considerations: on their overall ideology, on the electoral incentives created by the context in which they compete, and on the interaction between the two. The results of the analysis of party manifestos in 31 countries since 1945 are as follows. First, parties that pay greater attention to cultural matters relative to economic matters tend to talk more about decentralisation. Second, the systemic salience of decentralisation also encourages parties to talk more about decentralisation. Third, the larger the regionally based ethnic groups within a country, the more salience all state‐wide political parties will attach to decentralisation. Finally, only parties that put greater relative emphasis on cultural matters tend to respond to the electoral threat of regionalist parties. The influence of territorial diversity on the salience of decentralisation thus works through two channels and is partly conditioned by political parties’ ideological profile.     

从民族生态的特点看移民式扶贫开发——以广西环江的跨县异地安置为例

环江自1993起的十年时间内,以异地安置方式先后接收了近6万大石山区贫困人口。经过多年发展,移民们已较好地融入了环江当地的生产生活,从搬出来,到稳下来,正奔着“富”起来的目标踏实前行着。分析上述事件有诸多视角,本文意欲从现实民族生态的特点出发作一番尝试性思考。     

民族间社会心理差异对我国社会稳定结构的影响与对策

民族间社会心理差异是我国社会稳定结构深层次的心理文化背景,它对我国社会稳定结构的影响全面而深刻.为确保我国社会稳定结构的有效运行,一是要发展民族经济,构建平等团结的民族关系,提倡文化兼容,为我国社会稳定结构营造良好的心理文化环境;二是要多管齐下,坚决打击和遏制"三股势力",维护祖国的统一,从根本上清除极端性民族社会心理孳生的土壤;三是要加大对民族间社会心理差异和冲突问题的研究力度.     

论行政许可中的听证制度

听证制度是我国行政许可实施运作中的崭新内容 ,是作出正确重大行政许可决定的重要保障。本文探索了听证制度的渊源 ,分析了听证制度的重要价值 ,明确了酌定行政许可听证范围 ,提出了控制听证主持人公正性的措施     

在促进发展的过程中保护和创新民族文化

多年来,在包括贵州在内的广大西部少数民族地区,经济发展与文化传承、传统生活方式与现代化、民族文化的保护与开发等等之间,一直存在着张力。地方政府与学者在这个问题上的见解也是不尽相同的。本文通过对贵州具有典型意义的一些民族村寨的考察、分析,提出必须以高度现实主义的态度对待这些问题,有所为有所不为;必须以实现贵州少数民族群众的脱贫致富奔小康为最大、最迫切的需求,在此基础上,把少数民族文化的保护和创新推上新的台阶。     

市场经济体制下的民族利益协调方式研究

民族利益协调方式的产生有其深刻的历史背景。不同的体制下,其协调方式也存在差异。计划经济体制下,高度重视计划的资源配置方式,由此衍生的民族利益协调方式也就带有计划经济的特征。市场经济体制下,经济利益的形成、实现和分配由市场主导,但不可忽视的是,民族利益关系本身带有政治色彩,国家的政治资源配置在其中也就发挥着重要的作用。     

中华基督教会在西南少数民族地区的文化传播研究

西南边疆是文化教育落后的地区,同时又是少数民族聚居和经济最为落后的地区。鉴于这种状况,基督教会在这些地区大力推行和发展教会教育,以教育传播教义,发展教会势力。     

少数民族自治区人力资源对经济增长和产业结构变动的影响分析

文章利用第五次人口普查的资料,分析了我国五个少数民族自治区人力资源增长的状况,及其对经济增长的促进作用,揭示了人力资本存量增长质量低,第二、第三产业人力资本积累速度落后于劳动力转移速度,以及人力资源开发和利用与产业结构变动不同步的问题,并提出少数民族地区加快人力资源开发的措施。