De-naturalizing ecological disaster: colonialism,racism and the global Dust Bowl of the 1930s

This paper reinterprets the Dust Bowl on the US Southern Plains as one dramatic regional manifestation of a global socio-ecological crisis generated by the realities of settler colonialism and imperialism. In so doing, it seeks to deepen historical-theoretical understandings of the racialized division of nature and humanity making possible the global problem of soil erosion by the 1930s and forming the heart of the ecological rift of capitalism. The framework developed here challenges prevalent conceptions of the Dust Bowl, in which colonial and racial-domination aspects of the crisis are invisible, and affirms the necessity of deeper conceptions of environmental (in)justice.     

日元汇率波动对日本对外投资影响的实证分析——基于日本19个行业1971—2007年的面板数据

以日本的制造业和非制造业中的19个行业为例,实证分析了1971—2007年间日元汇率波动对这些行业的影响情况。分析结果表明,总体上日元汇率的波动与日本对外直接投资存在显著的正相关关系。分行业来说,这些行业的结果可以分为三类。最后对这些结果进行了原因分析。     

Other forms of conviviality: The best and least of which is our daily care and the host of which is our collaborative work

In this collaboratively written essay, artists Park McArthur and Constantina Zavitsanos take a queer materialist feminist approach to the entanglement of dependency and reproductive labor, disability, intimacy, and the impossibility of exchanging incommensurables. The text merges the authors' experiences receiving and providing one another care with their artistic practices, and includes instructive performance scores for past, rather than future, events.     

汇改后人民币汇率变动对外贸影响的实证分析

汇率机制改革以来人民币名义有效汇率在短期内对我国进出口均具有显著正影响,理论上讲,汇率的变动可以影响一国产品的相对价格,从而使进出口量发生变化,并影响到贸易收支差额。人民币的升值已经成为理论界、经济界甚至全社会关注的焦点。研究其对于我国外贸的影响,具有重要的理论和现实意义。     

"教育使节"容闳和近代中国首批留学生的派遣

容闳是近代学西方的先驱之一,也是晚清最早派出的驻美副使.他的生平活动同太平天国、洋务运动、戊戍变法、辛亥革命都有联系.本文着重介绍他为派遣留学生和主要作为从事教育文化交流的外交人员所作出的努力.     

对等储备与对等支付——化中美贸易争端于无形的新机制

对等储备即贸易双方都分别储备对方货币,对等支付即贸易双方对于每一笔交易均采用两国货币支付.从理论上说,以对等储备与对等支付原则进行国际贸易,不仅可以化解货币竞相贬值的冲动,还能自动制约国际贸易拉开距离的态势,实现两国贸易的自动均衡,使贸易顺逆差之争消于无形.对等储备与对等支付原则的确立会对国际国内贸易法制产生深远影响,并且从法律制度层面消解了国际贸易差额、汇率竞争性贬值引起的争端.     

证券交易所自律管理行为的司法审查标准——评叶伟钢诉新加坡证券交易所案

现代公共管理不再由政府部门和法定机构大权独揽,未经公法授权的私人机构亦能占据一席之地。一些机构的公法职权与私法职权界限日渐模糊,导致难以判断这类机构实施的行为究竟属于公法范畴还是私法范畴。新加坡证券交易所即属于此种情况的机构。叶伟钢诉新加坡证券交易所案是一个具有里程碑意义的案件,新加坡高等法院通过此案确立了司法审查中的渊源标准与实质标准。即使决策机构未经公法授权,但只要该机构在事实层面上履行了公共职能,其决策就可能需要受到司法审查。叶伟钢诉新加坡证券交易所案中确立的司法审查标准,对于讨论我国证券交易所自律管理行为的行政可诉性问题具有借鉴意义。     

Comparative Analysis and Economic Policies with Special Reference to Financial Crises

Policies for preventing or mitigating unfavorable economic conditions, such as inflation, balance-of-payments deficits, and recessions are usually determined by successful policies used in the past, but these policies may not be relevant for certain problems in the future due to changes in conditions. In the past, developing countries with balance of payments problems seeking help from the IMF were usually required to reduce their budget deficits, restrict the money supply, and make other macroeconomic restrictions. However, financial crises experienced by the East Asian countries in 1995–1996 arose mainly from declines in their securities markets accompanied by capital exports and sharp currency depreciation. The IMF provided generous assistance conditioned on the recipients' applying restrictive macroeconomic measures, even though there was no inflation or excessive monetary expansion. The cause of the financial crises was primarily capital outflows generated by defaults on loans made by banks largely for real estate projects, and in some cases resulting bank failures. The capital outflow and the sharp depreciation of the currencies, coupled with macroeconomic restrictions, led to recession and unemployment in these countries. The article goes on to discuss the policies the IMF should have promoted. Its credits should have been used to sustain imports rather than to support currencies and maintain debt service repayments.     

Humanitarian symbolic exchange: extending Responsibility to Protect through individual and local engagement

Moral common sense frames the relationship between privileged and at-risk populations underpinning contemporary Responsibility to Protect (R2P) discourse. This article develops an alternative by considering the relationship between archetypes of would-be rescuers and victims through Jean Baudrillard’s theorisation of symbolic exchange. Baudrillardian analysis connects personal morality and affective intersubjective symbolic exchange with the politics of international order. This leads, first, to an argument that current foundations for advocating R2P risk participating in a problematic moral economy of symbolic exchange between would-be rescuers and victims. Nonetheless, and secondly, the article deploys symbolic exchange to develop suggestions for partially re-figuring R2P’s humanitarian impulse by engaging ‘locally’ – both through one’s self (in the ethical relation suggested by Emmanuel Levinas) and with diverse forms of political order (following Jacques Rancière’s conception of politics). Doing so supports moves to engage a wide array of individual actors in a more interactive and less hierarchical form of R2P, to drive deeper consideration of local complexities of R2P through engagement with diverse local forms of political order, and to develop a more inclusive understanding of ‘humanity’ in order to bolster R2P’s normative foundations.     

Financing Constraints,Exchange Rate Risk of Host Country and Location Choice of Enterprises’ Foreign Direct Investment——An Empirical Study Based on Micro Enterprises’ Data of Zhejiang Province

Financing constraints and exchange rate risk of host country are domestic and foreign factors which will hinder the stability and sustainable development of China’s enterprises foreign direct investment, so the interaction influence of these two factors on location choice of foreign direct investment is also crucial. Based on this, in this paper we study the foreign direct investment choice of host countries’ exchange rate risk during financing constraints. Through modeling the negative influence of revenue losing and the positive influence of financing cost reducing, our model finds that foreign direct investment enterprises with higher financing constraints tend to go for host countries with higher exchange rate risk in location choice. In empirical study, we match multiple database to construct the micro level data, and use two international data sources to measure exchange rate risks of host countries. Our empirical study finds that foreign direct investment enterprises with higher financing constraints tend to choose higher exchange rate risk countries through binary choice model and sorting model. The result of bivariate binary choice model ensures the robustness of our empirical research. Based on the comprehensive theoretical and empirical research results, we find the existence of financing constrains improves the risk preference in the foreign direct investment location choice.