谁在逼人民币升值

单纯的人民币升值不会解决全球贸易失衡问题。我国在进行金融制度改革时,应注意寻求最佳的政策组合,积极推进汇率市场化形成机制。     

一国外汇储备大量增加是否负有调整汇率的义务

汇率是调整国际收支的重要杠杆。从《IMF协定》第4条和《新决议》的相关规定来看,在汇率操纵、外部不稳定和汇率严重偏差造成一国国际收支出现大量盈余或赤字等情况下,该国和其它相关国家负有调整汇率以此调整国际收支的义务。但是仔细分析不难看出,这些规定概括模糊,缺乏可操作性,逆差国和顺差国之间的义务难以理清,且《新决议》中的多数指导原则缺乏法律拘束力。故当今西方声称人民币汇率导致了全球国际收支失衡,要求人民币不切实际地加速升值,是缺乏牢靠标准和依据的。我国应重视以上义务规定,同时用好这些规定,为人民币汇率改革提供法律保障。     

The failure to learn from others: Vertical fiscal imbalance,centralisation, and Australia's metropolitan knowledge deficit

This paper questions the routes to knowledge of metropolitan governance elsewhere in the world and then explains how and why these are rendered more difficult in Australia. The paper begins with the policy literature on the exchange of knowledge relevant to metropolitan governance. The paper next explains the constitutional and fiscal backdrop to metropolitan governance in Australia; the ‘unique’ role of state governments in the funding, planning, and management of cities, and the powers adopted by the federal government that are made possible by vertical fiscal imbalance and funding conditionality. The paper then explores horizontal knowledge exchange of metropolitan governance in the form of transnational municipal networks, corporations, international organisations, and consultants. The final section of the paper considers the thesis that were Australia's cities to function independently, as metropolitan governments, the potential for knowledge exchange would be optimised. Knowledge of smart city technologies is used for case study purposes.     

马克思对资本主义财富分配非正义的前提批判——基于《政治经济学批判(1857-1858年手稿)》的考察

马克思对资本主义财富分配非正义的前提批判是对前资本主义交换的批判,它体现在三个方面。其一,对可交换劳动能力的批判。劳动能力与劳动客观条件的分离使劳动者具有"自为性"和"为他性",是劳动与财富分离的首要条件。其二,对货币内在矛盾及其所有者"致富欲"的批判。货币通约一切使用价值的"质"与现实中始终是一定"量"之间的矛盾,表现为货币所有者的"致富欲",是财富增殖的根本动力。其三,对货币与劳动能力交换的批判。货币与劳动能力交换是劳动与财富分离的重要途径,也使象征资本主义正义的所有权、自由与平等走向自身反面。马克思基于历史与逻辑的双重视角,从前资本主义的交换中揭示了资本主义财富分配非正义的必然性。     

Migration from Bangladesh: Impulses,Risks and Exploitations

Migration and emigration from Bangladesh is a pervasive phenomenon. Historically, large-scale migration from the region constituting the present Bangladesh started after tea plantations were introduced to Assam by the British in the early 19th century. Gradually, the number of migrants from this region increased due to geographic location, climate change and poverty. Over the years, there has been a change in the gender pattern of migration, where the proportion of female migrants has increased significantly. These migrants play a significant role in the Bangladesh economy, as remittances constituted about 8.21% of gross domestic product in 2014. This article examines why, despite the many dangers that the migrants face, including violence in the host countries and exploitation by their ‘masters’, the number of migrants from Bangladesh continues to rise constantly.     

The resumption of Sino–Central Asian trade,c. 1983–94: confidence building and reform along a Cold War fault line

The resumption of trade across the Sino–Central Asian border in 1983 accompanied a gradual thaw in relations between China and the Soviet Union. This paper argues that: (1) Economic liberalization in China (alongside the Soviet Union) created a climate encouraging cross-border exchange. (2) Starting in 1983, improving relations between China and the Soviet Union permitted cross-border exchange in Central Asia; over the subsequent decade, trade volume served as a marker of bilateral relations. (3) Beginning in 1990, efforts by the Chinese leadership to accelerate reform in North-West China, coupled with the independence of Central Asian republics, led to a rapid increase in trade. Hence, the resumption of Sino–Central Asian trade was not grounded in meta-geographical projections – Silk Road, New Silk Road, Silk Road Economic Belt, Eurasian Continental Bridge – but determined by political and economic transitions in the two countries, accompanied by normalizing bilateral relations.     

腐败网络的结构类型、特征及运行机制

借鉴社会交换理论,将腐败网络视为非法社会交换网络,进而揭示其两种典型结构,即外排式联接腐败网络与内含式联接腐败网络。外排式联接网络形成了"资源排斥性"权力结构,迫使权力劣势者进行竞争以获得资源;内含式联接网络形成了"功能互补性"权力结构,要求各方行动者进行合作以获得收益。权力分配的不均等造成了网络结构中各方之间的冲突,导致了网络的分裂趋势。而关系承诺因其对权力运作的削弱,发挥着重要的网络整合功能。权力结构和关系承诺,作为腐败网络能否持续运行的决定因素,为当前反腐提供了重要突破口。     

"借壳上市"之法律风险控制研究

＂借壳上市＂本质上是一种双重反向交易,较直接上市方式IPO而言,具有资质要求低、融资成本低、时间周期短、获益主体多等方面优势。在借壳上市收购与反向收购两个阶段中,非上市借壳公司面临选择壳资源、交易方式、关联交易、政府干预等问题,其中均涉及一系列法律风险,能否对之进行有效控制将直接影响借壳上市的成功与否。     

日据末期《风月报》作者群笔下的大陆地景研究

《风月报》是日据末期殖民政府废禁汉文栏后得以生存并影响力颇大的汉文刊物。本文分析《风月报》存在的时代背景及其意义，以作者群中徐坤泉、吴漫沙、鸡笼生的大陆经验及其作品中的大陆形象为论述中心，探讨日据末期海峡两岸文化交流的实际状况。     

西方国家对人民币汇率的指控及我国的法律对策

随着我国国际贸易出现巨大的顺差以及外汇储备的增加，西方把目光集中到我国人民币汇率问题上，对人民币汇率安排提出了多项法律指控。近年来，为了突破先前指控的法律困境，以美国为代表的一些西方国家对人民币汇率的指控出现了一些新变化。面对这些新变化，我国应找出维护我国合法权益和保障我国主动、可控和渐进地推进人民币汇率改革的法律方案与对策。