山西票号形成的经济学分析

山西票号的产生是商品生产和商品交换的结果 ,是资本主义萌芽的产物 ,是产业分化和产业形成的最终结果。正是基于这样的判断 ,文章分别从资源禀赋、文化禀赋、技术状况和制度环境四个角度阐述了山西票号形成的原因     

甘肃赵村交换婚的调查

赵村是甘肃省东部地区一个典型的山区村庄.因社区闭塞,交通不便,生活条件艰苦,赵村青年男子的择偶面临很多困难.然而,为了生存下去,他们必须想出种种办法来应对其生存困境,必须通过种种变通来实现娶妻生子的目的."交换婚"等择偶形态则是赵村人适合于其生存环境的生存方式,是他们做出的一种生存的选择.     

维持我国现行汇率制度的成本分析

我国现行汇率制度的实质是具有制度刚性特征的钉住美元的固定汇率制。它的维持成本包括政策协调成本、财政成本、管理成本、储备成本和社会交易成本五个方面。伴随着 2 0 0 6年中国加入WTO后过渡期的结束即将到来 ,更加紧密地融入世界经济 ,这些成本将会有不同程度的增加。维持现行汇率制已经不是经济政策的最优解 ,改革显得日益必要     

明代对西域的经营及中西经济文化一体化交流

明代前期的开放与进取,确保了丝路畅通,后期由于消极保守中西交往逐渐疏远,经济文化一体化交流随之阻隔。     

论网络证券交易技术风险承担规则

网络证券交易存在的风险往往与网络技术不完善有关,最终要靠技术进步来解决,网络证券交易技术风险承担的制度设计应具有鼓励技术创新的功能.网络证券交易技术风险承担的具体规则应包括:可控制性规则、可预见性规则、效率规则、经济能力规则.     

俄罗斯中期经济发展走势分析

1999年以来,俄罗斯经济呈现出恢复性增长趋势。在综合考虑俄国内外诸种因素的情况下,初步预测结果为:2003年俄GDP实际增长可能达到5%以上;2004年工业生产增长速度同比可能达到4.0%～4.5%;2005年农产品年均增长速度将在3%～5%之间;2004年俄出口同比将增长到1015亿～1020亿美元,进口630亿～635亿美元;2004年吸引外资将上升到150亿～170亿美元;卢布与美元的比率将达到36～37卢布兑1美元;2004年俄居民名义货币收入将同比增加16%～18%。     

文化互动与社会变迁--明、清以来哈尼族与汉族文化的交流

哈尼族历来重视对汉族文化的吸纳与交流,其吸纳汉民族文化大致经历了从朦胧到明朗、从无意识到有意识、从个别到群体的逐渐普及和深化的过程。其间既有哈尼族的主动吸纳,又有汉文化自身的辐射、渗透以及两种文化的互动与交流,二者相得益彰,推动了哈尼族历史文化的进步和社会经济的不断发展。     

Are inputs sometimes outcomes? Some thoughts on definition in distributive justice

This paper argues that the central concepts of justice theory (e.g., inputs and outcomes) have not been well defined and that this lack of precision in definition has led to subsequent ostensible inconsistencies in empirical findings. We offer definitions of both inputs and outcomes in a manner that facilitates more formal theoretical formulations and specifies a functional relationship between the two. In addition, the concept of relevance is discussed. This discussion highlights the difference in determinations of what is relevant to an outcome and the moral desirability of the distribution rule producing those outcomes. We suggest that the perception of what is relevant to the production of an outcome and how much it should be weighted is a source of potential conflict and/or disagreement between groups who are allocators or recipients of resource distributions. The potential disjuncture between what is considered relevant and what is considered moral in terms of allocation decisions is a potential source of dissatisfaction and feelings of injustice across groups. The discussion also suggests that it is not simply a difference in rule preference across groups that may lead to negative feelings regarding allocations but even when groups agree on the rule they may not agree on either the factors to be included in the assessment of relevance or on the morality of the distribution resulting from such assessments. Finally we introduce the concept of exchange domain as a mechanism for facilitating theoretical development.     

Service Quality Effects of Incentive Regulation on Access Service in Telecommunications in the United States

Incentive regulation in the form of price caps was adopted for interstate access service in 1991 as a way to provide local exchange carriers with an incentive to improve their productive efficiency. An issue that has arisen with the adoption of price cap regulation is whether deterioration in service quality for interstate access service has been an unintended consequence. The analysis in this paper uses several different measures of service quality, including the average installation interval, the percent of commitments met, total trouble reports, and the average repair interval for both switched access service and special access service, to investigate empirically whether there has been a decline in service quality between 1991 and 2000. The results are conclusive. Overall service quality has fallen. To rectify the situation, a proposal is offered to adjust the price cap index to penalize LECs who fail to provide an acceptable level of aggregate service quality.     

论拒绝强迫自证其罪规则——以此为突破口设置我国沉默权制度

沉默权制度一直是我国刑事诉讼领域炙手可热的话题,然而当前是否已经具备了引进沉默权的条件,在我国目前的“本土”环境下其能否有效运行,还需进行辩证的分析。如沉默权所要求的制度条件,沉默权的引进应该暂缓,沉默权与拒绝自证其罪的关系。同时提出了以拒绝自证其罪的角度设置我国的沉默权制度。