兰州市大气污染及其调控

分析了兰州市的大气污染特征,从自然和人为２方面探讨了大气污染的成因,指出兰州市大气污染治理面临的一系列矛盾和问题,并从产业发展、工程治理、环境管理等角度提出了相应的调控措施。     

新过失论对我国环境污染犯罪立法完善的影响

刑修(八)对重大环境污染罪进行修改,通过实行行为前置使该罪由结果犯变为危险犯,由过失犯变为故意犯,虽然强化了对环境污染犯罪的刑法规制,但依照我国刑法贯彻的旧过失论,没有惩处过失危险犯的空间,因此仍然存在环境法益刑法保护不足与环境污染犯罪化需求间的矛盾。有必要借鉴德日刑法中通行的新过失论,强化风险社会中行为人的结果避免义务,为惩处环境污染犯罪的过失犯提供理论支持。     

Organized elite power and clean energy: A study of negative policy experimentations with renewable portfolio standards

Renewable Portfolio Standards (RPS) is one of the most widely adopted clean energy policies in the U.S. However, organized elite power groups, backed by ample political and economic resources, have been known to lead RPS termination efforts. In the context of state renewable energy politics, organized elite power includes legislators affiliated with American Legislative Exchange Council (ALEC) and anti-renewable energy business groups. Focusing on the roles of organized elite power, this study investigates the drivers of the formulation of RPS rollback (goal freeze) and termination bills, which we refer to collectively as negative policy experimentations. We find that RPS termination attempts are explained by the presence of ALEC legislators and anti-renewable energy business groups, whereas RPS goal freeze bills are better explained by conditions of policy operations. This study contributes to the policy process theory by providing critical insights into the post adoption decisions, including policy termination and rollback legislations, with a focus on the role of organized elite power.     

我国环境污染犯罪刑事责任制度的价值取向

随着环境污染犯罪的日益繁多和复杂,我国环境污染犯罪刑事责任制度存在亟待解决的问题,我国环境污染犯罪刑事责任制度的价值取向是遏制环境污染犯罪,促进社会可持续发展,建设生态文明社会,保护生态自然环境和保护公民环境权。     

水权制度在治理农村面源污染中绩效的检讨及对策

农村面源污染存在着独有的特征。在应对农村的水资源和水环境问题中,很多学者对于水权制度的适用寄予厚望,我们详细探讨水权制度在应对农村面源污染中的作用,发现其存在着一定的效果,但同时也存在着诸多困境。我们既要寻求应对面源污染的环境法途径,还要全面寻求面源污染的应对之策。     

Has the Clean Air Interstate Rule Fulfilled Its Mission? An Assessment of Federal Rule‐Making in Preventing Regional Spillover Pollution

The Environmental Protection Agency developed the Clean Air Interstate Rule (CAIR) to minimize sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide emissions from power plants and prevent pollution spillover into downwind states. While observers of CAIR claim success in the reduction of air pollution, our innovative multivariate statistical analysis based on spatial and facility‐level panel data finds mixed results concerning the rule's effectiveness. On the one hand, we find that CAIR facilities are associated with increases in the reduction rate of pollution compared to non‐CAIR facilities. However, the evidence suggests that sulfur dioxide levels decreased in CAIR‐mandated facilities before the actual implementation of the program. Additionally, on the one hand, CAIR facilities in the interior of states are associated with slower pollution reduction rates than those on the border. However, this difference in reduction rate does not change dramatically before or after the adoption or implementation of this rule. This suggests that the CAIR program was ineffective in targeting specific facilities most likely to contribute to interstate pollution. We conclude that while CAIR spurred the electrical utility industry to reduce air pollution, some of these reductions occurred before the actual implementation of the program. More substantially, gains in interstate spillover pollution did not occur by targeting specific facilities most likely to spillover but rather through the overall reduction of air pollution in the eastern states.     

规划绿化隔离地区的绿化是解决市区大气污染的重要手段

绿化对治理大气污染的作用是不可替代的,尽快实施市区规划绿化隔离地区的绿化,是改善生态环境,治理市区大气污染的建设性的综合性的手段。“分散集团式”的城市布局是确保首都良好生态环境的根本条件,绿化隔离带应以种植高大乔木为主,乔、灌、草木相结合的森林绿地。目前绿化隔离地区的绿化建设滞后于城市建设,而且规划隔离地区被蚕食的状况仍在继续,呼吁在市规划园林、土地部门采取的经济办法实现绿化的基础上积极研究多种办法和对策,尽快实现该地区的绿化。     

突发性环境污染事件中的环境信息公开问题研究

环境信息的公开不仅是公众环境知情权实现的重要方式,也是公众在突发性环境污染事件产生后维护自身生命健康和财产等权益以及积极有效参与事件处置的前提.要建立和完善突发性环境污染事件的环境信息制度,就必须结合这类事件的特殊性,在尊重政府信息公开法律制度共性的前提下,尤其要强调突发性环境污染事件处置过程环境信息公开的真实性、准确性、完整性和及时性.     

Is EU enlargement bad for environmental policy? Confronting gloomy expectations with evidence

As the EU expands to include the Central and East European (CEE) countries, its capacity to adopt and implement environmental policy will be negatively affected—this has been a widely held assumption. The CEE countries have been expected to be laggards, slowing down, weakening or even reversing progress in environmental policy-making. More than 2 years have now passed since the enlargement, and the new member-states have begun to make their mark on EU decision-making and implementation. This article confronts gloomy expectations with evidence in three issue-areas: genetically modified organisms, air pollution and climate change. The main conclusions are, first, that there is no indication that enlargement will result in any breakdown of EU environmental policy. Second, the consequences vary across issue-areas. The new member-states have strengthened the group that favours strict regulation of genetically modified organisms, weakened the implementation of the EU emission trading directive and have affected EU air policy hardly at all. These results can give an indication of what is to come. On the other hand, only a short time has passed since enlargement, and the picture may change with regard to other issue-areas.