论我国《消费者权益保护法》中的惩罚性赔偿

我国在1994年开始实施的《中华人民共和国消费者权益保护法》中规定了惩罚性损害赔偿制度,该制度具有惩罚经营者的欺诈行为和激励消费者维权的功能。但在司法实践中围绕该制度的适用却出现了问题,主要表现为知假买假者能否要求惩罚性赔偿,对适用惩罚性赔偿的条件———“欺诈”应如何理解以及惩罚性赔偿的数额等问题。认可知假买假者的消费者身份,对“欺诈”作有别于《民法通则》与《合同法》中的解释以及重新确定惩罚性赔偿的额度将有助于发挥惩罚性赔偿制度的功能。     

公安民警MMPI测查结果

以MMPI测查222名男民警、23名女民警的结果显示:1.男女公安民警的群体心理特点:防御戒备心理突出,比普通人更敏感;更夸张做作;抑郁心态、精神变态、性度倒错、妄想偏执、精神衰弱、精神分裂症倾向和社会内向的水平较低,尤以大学学历男警最为显著。2.公安民警的心理健康状况不容乐观:仅32.9%男警和13.0%女警可确信无心理障碍;有49.5%男警和60.9%女警可能存在不同程度的心理障碍,男警中还可能有重性精神病患者存疑待查。3.公安民警心理偏常绝大多数属于心理亚健康,心理亚健康与疑似病态的比例,男警7.3:2.7,女警9.3:0.7;其主要类型,男民警亚健康和疑似病态均为神经症性障碍(主要是躯体形式障碍和抑郁性神经症);女民警亚健康为神经症性障碍(主要是躯体形式障碍、抑郁性神经症)和情感性障碍(多为躁狂倾向)。因此,切实加强公安民警的心理保健工作,刻不容缓。     

国有经济改革中的权利问题

国企改革中出现的一些问题和困难,主要是权利缺位造成的,这首先是由于过分注重效率而忽视权利和公平。改正的方法是树立以人为本、权利本位的观念,建立协调各方利益、程序公正公平公开的改革机制,最终实现"帕累托改进"。     

The limits of market power in shaping international regulatory cooperation: path dependence and loss avoidance in the Trans-Pacific Partnership negotiations

What factors shape the ability of the United States to negotiate international regulatory cooperation? This paper discusses three theoretical approaches that help to explain the potential for regulatory change – market power, historical institutionalism, and loss avoidance – and applies them to the negotiation of regulatory issues in the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP). It seeks to understand why the regulatory disciplines in some TPP chapters were more rigorous than those in other chapters. Focusing on case-studies of the chapters on state-owned enterprises and regulatory coherence, the paper argues that the market power of the United States is more likely to secure stronger regulatory disciplines when there is: (1) a strong loss avoidance coalition in the USA pushing for change, and (2) a weakly institutionalized regulatory framework among parties in a given issue area that makes path dependence less important.     

“Asking Around”: Immigrants' Counterstrategies to Renew Their Residence Permit in Times of Economic Crisis in Italy

In contrast to the main body of literature focusing on irregular migrants' counterstrategies, this article explores regular migrant workers' practices to renew their residence permit in an attempt to circumvent structural hurdles due to the restrictive Italian legislative framework. Studying migrants' agency in a socioeconomic context, characterized by high unemployment rates and extensive informal working patterns, I thus distinguish three main counterstrategies: (1) the use of their informal networks to falsify their working relations; (2) the possibility of starting up an individual firm; and (3) taking advantage of structural “loopholes.”     

论涉法新闻报道的规制——以无罪推定为视角

涉法新闻报道作为司法与传媒的交界领域,对无罪推定原则的认识和贯彻还存在缺失和不足。随着近年来各种形式的媒体技术,特别是自媒体的出现,使得舆论对司法的影响与日俱增,涉法新闻报道领域对无罪推定原则的无视与侵犯已日益成为影响司法公正和社会稳定的负面因素。文章聚集涉法新闻报道中涉及无罪推定原则的情况,讨论在新闻报道中如何正确应用无罪推定原则和背离无罪推定原则可能造成的危害,以及尝试从涉法新闻报道的规制角度,探讨如何在贯彻无罪推定原则的前提下形成新闻报道与司法公正的良性互动。在新闻报道中应当尊重无罪推定原则,需要明确媒体的社会责任,确保司法透明,对涉法新闻报道应当依法进行规范,可以通过立法授权司法机关对新闻报道案件情况加以限制,还需要赋予法院对其审理案件相关新闻报道活动进行规制的权力。     

Pregnancy Loss,Skin-Based Body Modifications and Agency

This article utilizes notions of ‘agency’ to explore the relationship between experiences of pregnancy loss and narratives about related skin-based body modifications. The term ‘pregnancy loss’ is used to denote a range of medical events with potentially far-reaching emotional and social consequences. The research from which the empirical content of this article is drawn seeks to bring together feminist interests and the discipline of human geography to examine experiences of pregnancy loss. Different aspects regarding ‘agency’ are attended to through several practices—namely, the acquisition, display/concealment and narration of skin-based bodily marks like stretch marks and memorial tattoos. This includes a discussion on notions of ‘choice’ in terms of receiving/acquiring changes to the skin through pregnancy and pregnancy loss, regarding which stretch marks and tattoos are often pitted as oppositional. A more complex picture of agency is explored and illustrated with the narratives of several women with pregnancy-loss experiences, highlighting that both kinds of skin-based modifications can be framed in more agential ways, including as appreciated reminders of simultaneous love and loss. In doing so, this article constitutes an attempt to engage with pregnancy loss from a feminist perspective, as encouraged by Linda Layne, and to contribute to feminist scholarship on body modifications.     

Testimonies in Light: Nan Goldin: Devil's Playground

Nan Goldin: Devil's Playground, recently shown at the Whitechapel Art Gallery in London, represents the first retrospective in the United Kingdom for this American photographer who has lived, and photographed, internationally. Renowned for her photographs of the intimate lives of her friends-herself and the queer and drugs/bohemian communities-Goldin has taken a startling aesthetic/pictorial turn in her new photography. Prosser evaluates Goldin's career and the changes in it, and considers where her photography leaves the documentary tradition from which she arose. Charting in particular a trajectory towards light in her oeuvre, and working with the notion of testimony rather than documentary, Prosser suggests that Goldin has moved from an empathetic but critical representation of gender roles to a spiritual, accepting and visionary perspective on life and loss. His readings of photographs are focused on those from the exhibition and the curating of the exhibition is considered.     

辽宁省治安调解实践调查报告

辽宁省近三年治安调解实践的基本情况表明,治安调解已经成为治安案件查处和平息纠纷,化解矛盾的主要方式。在立法上规范治安调解的适用条件,在制度建设上建立治安调解的考核、激励和监督机制;在实践中推行当场调解程序、辩证处理调解与取证的关系、提高民警调解业务能力、将治安调解纳入“大调解”机制、利用现有立法赋予治安调解书相应的法律效力等是我们在调查基础上得出的思考与建议。     

不依法披露重要信息罪的理解与适用

为了维护广大投资者的利益,防止投资者受到欺诈,我国相关金融法律、法规都明确规定了相关公司、企业负有信息披露义务。但目前我国的形势是,许多负有信息披露义务的公司、企业并不依法披露其应该披露的信息,严重损害了投资者的利益。而我国97年刑法中只有“提供虚假财会报告罪”的规定,并未将其他不依法披露信息的行为纳入调整的范围,因而对于绝大多数不依法披露重要信息的行为无法施以刑罚。因此,为了有效地保障广大投资者及时获取完整、真实信息的权利,《刑法修正案(六)》对提供虚假财会报告罪进行了修正,从主体、行为方式、披露的对象等方面扩大了本罪的适用范围。