支持理论下民事诉讼当事人法律意识的实证研究

传统研究重视“法的供给”视角,致力于创设“良法良制”。通过转向“对法的需求”视角,本研究基于支持理论和法律意识理论,访谈了142名四类常见民事诉讼案件的当事人。本研究发现,当事人对司法的信赖分为“特定支持”和“普遍支持”两个维度。负面的诉讼经历仅会降低当事人对主审法官(法院)的评价(特定支持),尚未削弱他们对法院系统及司法制度的评价(普遍支持)。此外,当事人可以被进一步分为“门外汉”和“入门者”。前者不信赖法院的根本原因在于其法律意识与司法制度间存在巨大的冲突和矛盾;“入门者”的意识则限定于法律体系内,只在意法官的审判质量。随着司法系统的日渐完善,“入门者”对司法的信赖有望逐步提升。但“门外汉”则需要通过“知情(法)受益”这一过程先转化为“入门者”。     

Parliamentary Prorogation in Comparative Context

This paper examines the power to prorogue (or suspend) Parliament following the 2019 prorogation controversy in the UK. We outline the legal basis of prerogative-based prorogation, survey its uses in the UK and other Westminster systems, and compare it with equivalent rules in other European parliamentary democracies. The comparative perspective highlights the outlier status of the UK among comparable European democracies. In the UK, the absence of explicit legal limits on the use of prorogation gives the executive exceptional scope to employ the power for political purposes to sidestep Parliament. We conclude by discussing the implications of these findings for current discussions about the desirability of reforming the UK’s prorogation rules and placing express legal limits on the executive’s power.     

Accounting Reform in Italy and Perceptions on the Local Government Consolidated Report

The article aims to explore the perception of local government (LG) financial officers on the users, the uses, and the utility of the consolidated financial report in Italy, since it was one of the first countries to expressly provide for compulsory adoption. A questionnaire was sent to a statistical stratified sample of LG, collecting 133 responses (response rate 17%). The results, tested through the structural equation model we observe that social legitimization pressure rather than accountability patterns or performance analysis drive more the adoption process. The evidence indicates that the report is perceived as a potential tool for pursuing performance assessment strategies in a group context. However, this potentiality depends on the coordination effort made by the LG. The article finds out the rise of the topic of the public governance and the role of coordinating the local public group.     

Territorial reforms in Europe: effects on administrative performance and democratic participation

Territorial reform is the most radical and contested reorganisation of local government. A sound evaluation of the outcome of such reforms is hence an important step to ensure the legitimation of any decision on the subject. However, in our view the discourse on the subject appears to be one sided, focusing primarily on overall fiscal effects scrutinised by economists. The contribution of this paper is hence threefold: Firstly, we provide an overview off territorial reforms in Europe, with a special focus on Eastern Germany as a promising case for cross-country comparisons. Secondly, we provide an overview of the analytical classifications of these reforms and context factors to be considered in their evaluation. And thirdly, we analyse the literature on qualitative performance effects of these reforms. The results show that territorial reforms have a significant positive impact on functional performance, while the effects on participation and integration are indeed ambivalent. In doing so, we provide substantial arguments for a broader, more inclusive discussion on the success of territorial reforms.     

Co-Production and Health System Reform – From Re-Imagining To Re-Making

There is growing interest in the application of citizen participation within all areas of public sector service development, where it is increasingly promoted as a significant strand of post-neoliberal policy concerned with re-imagining citizenship and more participatory forms of citizen/consumer engagement. The application of such a perspective within health services, via co-production, has both beneficial, but also problematic implications for the organisation of such services, for professional practice and education. Given the disappointing results in increasing consumer involvement in health services via 'choice' and 'voice' participation strategies, the question of how the more challenging approach of co-production will fare needs to be addressed. The article discusses the possibilities and challenges of system-wide co-production for health. It identifies the discourse and practice contours of co-production, differentiating co-production from other health consumer-led approaches. Finally, it identifies issues critically related to the successful implementation of co-production where additional theorisation and research are required.     

我国司法鉴定制度的现状与完善

良好的司法鉴定制度会对法律的裁决产生积极影响,不仅有助于司法公正的实现,也是保证案件质量、取信于民的机制之一。当前,我国的司法鉴定制度较为混乱,立法不完善,机构不健全,设置重复,管理分散,缺乏必要的监督和制约机制。我国现行的司法鉴定制度已不能适应当前司法公平、公正目标的追求。因此,应当借鉴英美法系和大陆法系国家先进的司法鉴定制度,立足我国国情,制定出符合我国国情的司法鉴定制度。     

公安机关组织结构扁平化与警力下沉分析——大庆公安机关警务机制改革的启示

警力下沉是全国公安基层所队正规化建设的重要内容,也是三年基层基础建设的重要目标。如何推进警力下沉,是各级公安机关必须高度重视并积极采取有效措施加以解决的重要课题。大庆市公安局相继推行的以组织机构扁平化为主要内容的警务机制改革为今后公安工作中科学配置警力提供了有价值的参考。     

改革党对社会组织的领导体制研究

党对社会组织的领导关系不是一成不变的。在回溯历史、总结现实的基础上,应建立"党的社会组织工作委员会领导、政府社会组织监管委员会管理、社会组织联合会执行"的社会组织领导体制,形成领导层、管理层、执行层既分工明确,又协调联动的社会组织工作机制。     

如何提高医学留学生临床课程课堂教学质量的思路探讨

招收外国留学生是学校扩大国际影响、提高办学质量和多元化、多层次办学的一个重大举措之一。近年来国内医学高校相继开始招收留学生,但国内现有的医学教学模式并不能完全满足现代留学生医学教育的要求。要提高留学生的课堂教学质量,首先要了解他们的需求、知识背景及学习特点;其次是选用先进教材,再次是尝试更有效的课堂教学模式。