基于系统变量改进的产业结构成长对策研究——发达国家的经验借鉴

产业结构的成长是每个发展阶段的国家都会遇到的问题。各种影响因素之间的博弈决定了产业结构成长的未来走向。该文基于系统科学的思想方法,认为产业结构的成长是多要素共同作用的过程,并且是一个快慢变量共同作用的过程,科技进步是产业结构系统中的快变量,而心智模式则是产业机构系统中的慢变量。通过对发达国家的产业结构成长的经验总结发现,"以科技进步促进产业转型"的同时,还要持续改进产业系统中的序参量,才能够持续推动中国产业结构的健康成长。     

Translational criminology and its importance in policing: a review

ABSTRACT

Translational criminology is a decision-making perspective that emphasizes the dynamic coproduction of evidence by researchers and practitioners, focusing on obstacles to and facilitators of evidence generation and utilization. It incorporates several other data-driven decision-making models, including evidence-based policy making. This review suggests that the availability of empirical research is no longer the most significant impediment to evidence-based policing. Rather, translating and implementing knowledge about ‘what works‘ in policing has arisen as the field’s primary barrier to securing the effectiveness and efficiency improvements of research and data utilization. This article orients readers to translational criminology’s various components and explores their applications. Focusing on four central considerations, this review explores the roles of researcher practitioner partnerships, policy, technology, and government in developing and sustaining translational efforts in policing. The review concludes by acknowledging challenges to fostering a translational perspective in policing, and offers examples of where it has been applied with success.     

浅析公安科技信息化建设实践中应处理好的三个关系

公安科技信息化建设是公安机关在信息时代推动科技进步、实施“科技强警”战略，实现公安工作跨越式发展和可持续发展的重要手段。当前公安科技信息化建设面临着不小的压力，公安部门应统筹协调、综合处理形成上下对接融合、左右协同配合以及内外信息共享的关系，以便于在公安工作转型升级阶段，为公安科技信息化建设提供更多动力。     

There’s an app for that: Modernizing domestic violence support through the creation of new technologies,tools, and services

With domestic violence (DV) at an all-time high, police departments are drastically underutilizing technology to combat DV. Currently, New York police departments complete a “Domestic Incident Report” at the scene of domestic incidents but fail to adequately facilitate support services. New York State should mandate a services component into police DV protocols, specifically by commissioning: (1) an application linked to DV organizations presented at the scene of domestic incidents; and (2) a gateway application to refer victims to the correct services. Such tools would allow for the rendering of more efficient support to DV victims in times of immediate crisis.     

Scopic valuations: how digital tracking technologies shape economic value

How do market actors in the contemporary economy make decisions when they are uncertain of the value of what is being traded? To answer this question, this paper analyses the changing temporal and spatial orientation of economic valuations in increasingly digitalized economies, in which markets can no longer be understood as locally bound and closed sites of valuation and exchange. Drawing on ethnographic material from the fishing industry, the paper shows how digital tracking technologies link and synchronize auction markets with real-time information on fishing activities. Hence, ‘scopic media’ such as chart plotters and computer screens are not only deployed by skippers to monitor one another, but are also used as valuation devices that recontextualize local knowledge for the purpose of coping with economic uncertainty. As a consequence of this panoptic valuation regime, fishermen control their virtual identities by disciplining harvesting practices according to their buyers’ expectations.     

Trade and Industrial Policy as Levers for Sustainable Energy Technology Adoption? Experiences from Urban Latin America

Debates abound regarding the link between trade and industrial policy and the adoption of sustainable energy technologies in developing countries. Some purport that open trade regimes support technology diffusion, while others indicate that more interventionist regimes are more conducive. This paper uses empirical evidence from Mexico City and São Paulo to argue that sustainable energy technology uptake can be more prevalent in settings with partially open trade policy regimes. These regimes have afforded countries more opportunities to develop local capabilities, which, in turn, has had knock‐on effects on sustainable energy technology uptake. Specifically, having more local technology sources (equipment, expertise) brought quicker access to these technologies, created more perceptions of technology “ownership,” fostered more effective mobilization, and helped create well‐established standards, which in turn contributed positively to sustainable energy technology uptake, while taxes and tariffs were less influential.     

Technology and Politics: Have the ICTs Turned into a Domain for Civil–Military Relations in Turkey?

The implications of technology have been widely acknowledged in international relations. Studies ranging from the causes of war and military effectiveness to terrorism and nuclear proliferation have explored how technology shapes international politics. However, the implications of technology in domestic politics have not been scrutinised much. This paper helps fill this vacuum through an analysis of Turkey’s civil–military relations. Although civilian control over the Turkish military has improved in the past decade, this process has not been smooth. With a focus on the recent court cases involving the military, the 2007 e-memorandum and the transfer of electronic military intelligence apparatus to the civilian authority, this paper demonstrates how technology has become an important domain for civil–military relations in Turkey.     

Social Media and E-professionalism in Child Welfare: Policy and Practice

The professional child welfare literature offers little guidance to child welfare managers and agency policy makers about the use of social media to search for or communicate with clients. Ethical social media use relies upon e-professionalism, defined as the professional identity established by workers through the way they utilize digital communications. This article offers considerations for standards of e-professionalism in child welfare policy and practice. Specific considerations are outlined for social media policy and practice scenarios are offered, which can be used to prompt agency discussions with child welfare workers.     

信息技术与课程整合的现实困境与实践探索——基于高职英语教师的视角

当前,我国教育进入了教育信息化发展的新时期。教育信息化的重心转向以课程改革为导向,教师的信息化教学设计培训为核心,推进课程与信息技术整合的深入发展。高职公共英语课程的信息化教学设计过程,是提高高职院校公共英语课程教学效果的有效途径,也对各级公共英语的教学设计起到示范和参考作用。     

论现代科技对侦查的影响

现代科技对侦查的影响是全面而深刻的。对侦查的对象——刑事犯罪的影响体现为：在手段方面进行科技化改造,在领域方面促使其进一步增大;对侦查能力的影响体现为对侦查技术的进一步提升及对侦查理念的进一步拓展;对侦查法治的影响体现为侦查法治的文明化程度不断提升与现代科技为侦查法治带来了一些争议性问题;对侦查学的影响体现在侦查学和刑事技术学的融合和分化的发展过程。在现代科技的语境下,刑事侦查要辩证地对待现代科技的影响,促进侦查能力、侦查法治和侦查学的发展。