试论我国驰名商标的域外保护

在民族经济与国际经济日渐一体化的现代商品经济社会中,我国驰名商标如何在世界经济中求得生存,免遭不法侵害,是我国政府、企业和法学界必须高度重视并应着力解决的一个现实问题。增强企业域外商标注册意识,及时进行商标确权,依法申请撤销外商的抢先注册,寻求政府支持,谨慎适用相关国家(地区)的法律,是我国驰名商标域外保护的基本思路。     

Intellectual property (IP) management: organizational processes and structures, and the role of IP donations

This paper examines intellectual property (IP) management in U.S. companies and addresses three questions: What are typical sources of IP? How do companies manage IP? What role do donations of IP play in IP management? We used in-depth interviews and an on-line survey to gather data. We found that firms develop their IP position from a wide variety of sources such as joint ventures, acquisitions, and consulting contracts, but internal development is still the primary source of IP. Organizationally, three structural archetypes of IP management were identified: a centralized structure, a purely decentralized IP structure and a compromise structure involving a divisional assignment where a multi-business unit or division committee oversees IP. IP donations clearly do not appear to be a major phenomenon at the present time. Our survey results suggest that tax benefits are an important driver and that recent tax law changes have diminished the incentives to donate IP. The uncertainty of tax benefits and the costs associated with IP valuation appear to be the main disincentives.     

A COMMENT ON WILLIAM J. HOWE AND HUGH MCISAAC'S ARTICLE “FINDING THE BALANCE” PUBLISHED IN THE JANUARY 2008 ISSUE OF FAMILY COURT REVIEW

This article is a response to an article written by William Howe and Hugh McIsaac that questions their recommendations that court‐based mediation not be used when certain types of persons appear in court. We assert that it will be very difficult for the court to identify these people. Further, we argue that mediation practice has advanced so far that even these persons (those with serious issues of domestic violence, substance abuse, and mental health) should be given an opportunity to participate in mediation before being referred to the adversarial court process.     

离婚诉讼中养老保险金的分割

夫妻均要求分割养老保险金在离婚诉讼中经常发生，对此不同法院依照法条不同意见也不一，分割方式各异：本文从养老保险金的概念和性质分析养老保险金兼有财产属性和个人专属性，应当依照退休年龄和缴费时间不同，情形的差异区别对待，可依照现有规定予以合理分割处理。     

德国婚后扶养制度研究

根据德国2008年修订后的有关法律，离婚配偶可以因为照顾共同子女、年老、疾病、失业、收入差距、接受教育等原因请求扶养费，也可以基于公平原则请求扶养。公平原则不仅本身可以作为扶养费请求权的基础，同时也是确定扶养费具体数额的标准。扶养费必须满足权利人全部的生活需要，同时兼顾婚姻中的生活状况。提供扶养费的前提是保证义务人自身的供养，以免其本身成为扶养请求权的权利人，同时还要扣除权利人本身的收入。如果扶养义务人同时向多人承担扶养义务，应该按照法律规定的顺位，优先满足未成年子女的扶养费。为了实现个案中的公平原则，德国2008年立法改革对于扶养请求权设定了限制，包括时间上的限制和数额上的限制。此外，为了达到公平的目的，法律规定了8种重大不公的情况，在这些情况下，扶养义务人可以免除其扶养责任。     

不动产登记簿的制度建构

不动产登记簿是不动产物权的基础，在设置上应有统一性，有合理的构造和编制标准。登记簿的记载对象应在物权法定的基础上，满足实践需求，并要有合理的记载程序。登记簿应根据不同内容而对不同的公众公开，并受正当程序、法律救济等制度措施的保障。     

我国气象服务产品的产权界定与法律保护

清晰界定气象服务产品的法律属性和合理配置相关主体的权利,对于突破气象服务发展瓶颈极具现实意义。在对气象服务产品的保护诉求无法进入既有知识产权体系的前提下,将其界定为智慧财产利益并给予相应保护,是较为适当且实际的做法。     

环境容量的民法进程

排污权交易制度作为市场经济保护环境的手段，由于其充分发挥了市场经济的优势，能够有效地控制和减少污染物排放，受到国内外学界的关注。目前我国虽有排污权交易的实践，在排污权及排污权交易方面仍为法律的盲点，尤其对于环境容量的法律属性，未有相关法律予以确认和规定。通过对环境容量的概念、属性进行深入探讨，进而提出通过单行立法使之财产化，以解决排朽权交易中的民法障碍。     

财产性侦查措施的检察监督完善

我国现行法律对侦查机关采取搜查、扣押等财产性侦查措施规定并不完善。在司法实践中随意违法搜查以及违法查封、扣押、冻结涉案款物的现象时有发生,侵害了当事人的合法权益。将搜查、查封、扣押、冻结纳入强制措施范畴,并建立由检察机关主导的司法审查机制,当事人不服的申诉与救济机制、非法证据排除规则和违法滥用搜查、查封、扣押、冻结措施的惩戒机制。     

Foreign ownership of land in Phuket,Thailand

Thai Land Law does not allow outright ownership of land by foreign nationals. Phuket, a well-known Thailand tourist destination, is facing a problem of acquiring land by foreigners. The objective of this study was to compile data on ownership of land by foreigners in Phuket areas and explore the types of ownership through which the land had been acquired. The purpose of this study was also to assess the nature of the problems of foreigners owning immovable properties in Phuket, and the impacts could further make appropriate recommendations. There were two types of foreign ownership of land in Phuket. The first type was legal ownership of immovable properties by foreigners, and the second were the cases that foreigners took advantage of the loopholes of the law to acquire but in fact owned and utilized land mostly in scenic beaches by using Thais as nominees. These nominees could either be their spouse, or employees of corporate bodies or legal entities. In some cases, nominees were actually employees of law firms which assisted foreigners to register as a Thai corporate body. However, the impact of foreigners owning immobile properties in Phuket can be both positive and negative. On the positive side, the local economies actually benefited foreigners owning immobile properties as this led to increasing economic growth and land utilization. The negative impacts on the other hand were mainly the loss of revenue of local governments from local taxes and duties, including land price distortion. Another negative dimension was the difficulties of the public sector to control the negative environmental impacts. From the economic perspective, the feasibility of declaring areas where there is a high concentration of foreigners owning immobile properties as special area should be explored. Finally, the establishment of a ＂governing council＂ to control and develop conditions to protect the environment and reduce the impact to communities as part of the package of investment promotion should also be considered.