我国劳动基准实施中存在的问题及对策探析

我国劳动基准实施中存在着劳动者的生命健康权、生存权以及休息休假权等肆意遭受侵害的现象,探询其中存在的深层次原因,并积极寻求扭转我国劳动基准实施困境的对策.     

确立并践行新理念是形式主义问题的治本之策——以新冠肺炎疫情防控为例

形式主义是个老大难问题,治理起来相当困难。在新冠肺炎疫情防控过程中,尤其是在初期和一些地方,形式主义问题不仅存在还比较严重。在防控疫情这一“准战时”状态下,形式主义问题危害性更大。形式主义问题的根源是官僚主义,而官僚主义的形成有体制和思想两个层面的原因。从这两个层面施治,都属于治本之策,其中思想或理念层面的引领尤为重要。党的十八大以来,习近平总书记倡导并形成了三大新理念,即问题导向、结果导向和民意导向。与新理念相对立的旧理念正是形式主义问题的思想根源。新理念不只是理念,还是一套行动指南。只要确立并践行新理念,就能有效抑制形式主义问题的滋生,从而起到重要的治本作用。     

问题教学法的实践与思考

运用问题教学法需要技巧并坚持一定的原则,只有这样才能取得良好的教学效果,学生才能从中受益。     

Water power: the domestic and geostrategic dimensions of Turkey’s GAP Project

The Southeastern Anatolia Project (Güneydogu Anadolu Projesi, GAP), which was designed for the socio-economic development of south-east Turkey, has multiple political and strategic dimensions. While GAP was intended to narrow the socio-economic gap between the south-east and the rest of Turkey through development of the region, and to secure Turkey’s future energy needs, the associated hydro-politics intertwine domestic and geopolitics in relation to water flow to downstream riparian states Syria and Iraq, securing Turkey a geostrategic position in the broader Middle Eastern context in terms of regional hydro-hegemony, while also impacting on relations with Kurds at home and in surrounding states.     

The chain of exploitation: intersectional inequalities,capital accumulation,and resistance in Burkina Faso's cotton sector

ABSTRACT

This paper examines how intersectional inequalities can facilitate the extraction of surplus value from agriculture. Through an ethnographic case study of the Burkina Faso cotton sector, I describe a ‘chain of exploitation’ wherein actors pass economic pressures on to less-powerful actors. People resist their own exploitation, yet justify exploiting others through discourses about intersectional inequalities – overlapping axes of social difference including class, gender, rural/urban status, and education level. I thus argue that intersectional social inequalities – exacerbated by economic pressures – can: (1) justify and thus facilitate the transfer of exploitation, and (2) fragment resistance efforts.     

Negotiating hybridity in highland Bolivia: indigenous moral economy and the expanding market for quinoa

Scholars often highlight the capacity for cooperation and reciprocity as one of the most outstanding features of Andean peasants, but also raise concerns that these traditional strategies necessarily wither and fade as Andean people and places are increasingly incorporated into capitalist markets and processes. This study examines how non-market cooperative and reciprocal economic practices are affected as rural Bolivians expand production to meet a growing international demand for the Andean pseudo-grain quinoa. Based on the grounded experiences of rural Bolivians who are negotiating the modernisation and martketisation of agricultural production for the first time, I find that increasing incorporation into global markets need not undermine the moral economy of rural people, and may in fact strengthen their commitment to reciprocal and cooperative strategies. In contrast to claims that the spread of modern markets and technologies will weaken and ultimately replace cooperative strategies, I argue that reciprocity practices are important components in the construction of a new, hybrid economic space. Within this space, where economic strategies are based on moral sentiments as well as market logic, reciprocity provides a socially and ecologically appropriate ‘toolkit’ with which rural people negotiate their uneven incorporation into global capitalistic processes.     

公民基本权利野视下国家义务的边界

国家义务直接来源于公民基本权利,是公民基本权利的根本保障。然而国家义务并不是绝对的,国家义务以国家权力为运行动力,过度强调国家义务将导致自由丧失殆尽,强调基本权利研究范式转变的同时必须研究国家义务边界。从国家层面看,国家理性和国家能力决定了国家义务所能达到的最大场域;从基本权利层面看,公民基本权利的保护范围和公民基本权利的功能是对国家义务的边界进一步的具体化;从具体法律原则层面看,法律保留原则、比例原则、程序正义原则与公共利益原则决定着国家的实然义务边界。然而,确定国家义务边界并非一蹴而就的事情,还需注意国家义务边界是开放的而非封闭的,确定国家义务边界的各种机制应有共同的目标模式,国家保障基本权利应适时。     

廉政文化学学科构建中的几个基本问题

廉政文化建设实践和理论研究的迅猛发展,反腐倡廉建设面临的诸多新特点、新要求,社会主义文化大发展大繁荣的新形势、新任务,催生着廉政文化学科的诞生。构建廉政文化学科体系,必须厘清廉政文化与廉政文化学的联系与区别;必须确立人学基础、研究人学内核、关注人化本质;必须汲取和借鉴相关人文社会学科以拓展自身的高度、深度及维度;必须在廉政文化建设实践中不断发展完善。     

习惯法与拉祜族习惯法论

本文评介了我国法学界对习惯法概念的界定,提出了自己的见解,强调应遵循对法律概念的科学界定,是讨论习惯法与拉祜族习惯法性质、地位、任务和价值取向归属的理论基础。本文认为阐明拉祜族习惯法属于法律外的习惯法,并探究拉祜族习惯法的价值取向。认为立足深入调查与研究拉祜族习惯法由来与发展的规律,是不断创新研究习惯法与拉祜族习惯法的最佳途径。     

党的正确领导是脱贫的根本--定西地区围绕扶贫抓党建的调查与思考

自1983年以来,定西地区各级党组织带领广大干部群众,发扬"三苦"精神,群策群力,奋发有为,苦战18年,一举摘掉绝对贫困的帽子.究其原因配置合理、精干、团结、协作的领导班子,增强党组织的凝聚力和战斗力;解放思想、转变观念,提高各级党组织带领广大人民群众脱贫致富的水平和能力;建立干部激励约束机制,增强党组织的活力和动力.