The Crystal Curtain: A Postscript on Europe’s North-South Divide

The European Union’s sovereign debt and banking crisis has made apparent a gnawing gap between the northern and southern parts of Europe. Over the course of this past half decade, this divide has been brought into the public debate through a myriad of perspectives, from social trust to competitiveness. Yet, the governance sources of the divide are underestimated in policy practices and misrepresented in the political discourse. A governance approach can help clarify why the pursuit of convergence underpinning EU crisis-resolution mechanisms has become a contributing factor, rather than a prospective solution to the North-South gap. In doing so, governance also forms the basis for recommendations to policymakers in both halves of the continent, especially when confronted with the challenge of populist Euroscepticism.     

Preserving Curious Institutions

Reviewing the BBC 'Impartiality' review and the OFCOM report on the future of news the piece argues that impartiality remains a vital tool of maintaining standards of public service news, which in the end have to be objective. Sustaining journalism that reveals new knowledge is the problem and vital to the maintainance of democratic discussion.     

中国法律传统的现代转换及其命运——中国法律现代化的道路

法律现代化,是与现代民族国家的建设、市民社会的形成和个人自由的确认密不可分、同步发展的。同样,中国法律现代化也与中国近代民族国家、市民社会和个人自由的成长息息相关。从中国近代和现代历史发展的阶段性来看,中国法律现代化大体上可以分为晚清、中华民国和新中国三个时期。回顾历史,自1792年英国使者马戛尔尼访华到今天,已经过去了217年,然而,中国法律现代化事业并没有全部完成,历史的重任落在当代中国人的肩上。     

Protection and conservation--TRIPs and CBD: a way forward

Legal context: There is a complex relationship and interplay between TRIPsand CBD, two multilateral agreements adopted to attain inherentlydistinctive objectives. Key points: The CBD/TRIPs issue has been discussed in the WTO since 1996in the Committee on Trade and Environment, and has been on theagenda of the TRIPs Council since 1999. At the WTO Doha MinisterialMeeting in 2001, a Trade Minister made reference to the issuein paragraphs 12 and 19, instructing the Council for TRIPs tolook into the relations between TRIPs and CBD. The discussionin the TRIPs Council has gone into considerable detail witha number of ideas and various proposals have been mooted todeal with the same. Practical significance: This paper attempts to discuss and analyse the areas of possibleconflict and reasons for such conflicts. It also seeks to gainan insight into the thought-process of the various stakeholders,then discusses alternative courses of action, and attempts tochart the way forward.     

U.S. and East Asian Integration

the U.S. is directly impacting on the future of the East Asian community. Therefore, finding ways to get along with the U.S. is crucial to the speed, direction, configuration and character of the East Asian community. In this paper, the author has analyzed the interests of the United States in East Asia and its stands towards the East Asian integration. The author concludes that it is to the interest of the United States to make more efforts to further join in the East Asian integration. And East Asia should accept and welcome the American participation.     

Multi-Stage: A Rule-Based Evolution of Future Commitments under the Climate Change Convention

This article presents the regional emission targets corresponding to different climate regimes for differentiating commitments beyond 2012 on the basis of the Multi-Stage approach. This approach assumes a gradual increase in the number of Parties involved and their level of commitment according to participation and differentiation rules. The analysis focuses on two global greenhouse gas emission profiles resulting in CO₂-equivalent concentrations stabilising at 550 and 650 ppmv in 2100 and 2150, respectively. Three Multi-Stage cases have been developed in order to assess different types of thresholds. These share three consecutive stages representing different commitments: stage 1 – no quantitative commitments; stage 2 – emission–limitation targets and stage 3 – emission reduction targets. The analysis shows that by 2025 all three cases result in emission reduction objectives for all Annex I regions of at least 30–55% below their 1990 levels for 550 ppmv, whereas for 650 ppmv target they range from 0 to 20%. Furthermore, early participation is required of the major non-Annex I regions through emission limitation targets i.e. before 2025 and 2050 for the 550 and 650 ppmv targets, respectively. The first participation threshold for adopting emission–limitation targets on the basis of a capability–responsibility index (as introduced here) can provide for a balanced and timely participation of non-Annex I regions. Major strengths and weaknesses of the climate regimes are discussed and important obstacles and pre-conditions for their feasibility and acceptability are highlighted.     

苏西洛总统执政10年的印尼经济发展及新政府的挑战

2004年,苏西洛·班邦·尤多约诺当选为第一位直选的印尼总统,至2014年10月届满10年。苏西洛总统执政的10年,是印尼政治稳定、经济快速发展、失业贫困人口和外债下降的10年。苏西洛执政10年所取得的成就,除了得益于1997年金融危机以后印尼历任政府所做的经济改革以及世界经济的复苏以外,还归功于苏西洛政府能根据国际和国内经济形势实施的经济发展政策。虽然成绩有目共睹,但苏西洛总统并未能完全实现任期的承诺,继任新总统仍面临诸多挑战。     

后代人权利理论批判

当今世界环境学科领域存在着具有广泛影响的“后代人权利”理论。但后代人权利论者用以支持后代人权利的各种证据都无法在逻辑上必然推出后代人享有权利的结论。后代人权利理论赖以成立的预设性前提也是虚构的客观事实。虽然近代以来，传统权利的主体范围确实有所扩展，但这种扩展并非是随意的。权利不可能扩展到后代人权利论者所说的“后代人”身上。环境义务是后代人权利理论的本质，也是后代人权利理论的正确出路和归宿。     

回顾与反思:后代人权利论源流考

全球性环境危机和各种环境保护思想为后代人权利理论提供了目的性的环境要素,二战以后自由主义思想的复兴直接为后代人权利理论输送了工具性的权利要素,在此基础上,后代人权利理论得以产生。后代人权利理论在全球环境危机的话语背景下逐步从理论主张向实践领域延伸,在世界范围内产生了广泛的影响。后代人权利理论的发展具有四个方面的逻辑内涵,而要获得进一步的发展,还有许多问题亟待人们去解决。     

中国DNA数据库建设应用技术现状及发展趋势

中国的法庭科学DNA数据库建设历经10年,在应用中取得了显著成果.随着DNA分析技术的进步,DNA数据库更加完善,DNA信息作用更加突显.本文综述了中国DNA数据库的规划与建设,DNA数据库建设中的应用技术,以及DNA数据库建设应用技术发展趋势,为完善DNA数据库建设提供借鉴.