民事诉讼是否可以附带行政诉讼

在行政争议与民事争议交错发生、民事争议与具体行政行为关联的情况下,争议的当事人可以有不同的诉讼选择,但诉讼的最终目的都是为了确定民事权利。建立民事诉讼附带行政诉讼制度有其充分的必要性与合理性。民事诉讼附带行政诉讼可以扩大审判权对行政权的制约监督范围,有利于提高司法效率、维护司法统一,充分保障公民、法人或其它组织的合法权益。     

妇联在承担政府推进性别平等职能中的作用研究

文章从背景和依据、职能内容、作用与成效方面探讨妇联在承担政府推进性别平等职能的作用问题。认为其作用主要体现在:参与立法促进法律的性别平等、在制定和实施有关妇女的规划中推进性别平等、推动男女平等基本国策的宣传和倡导、在中外交流与合作中促进中国妇女/性别平等发展和扩大国际影响、促进家庭性别平等和改善女童发展环境。     

节能基本法若干问题思考

节约能源基本法律制度需要对若干重要问题进行规范,以尽快落实节能战略并保障节能规划目标的实现。包括改变财政补贴方向,向精确供能技术、设备及用能产品技术进步倾斜;分布式能源与集中供能并举;大力培育节能中介服务机构;政府机构节能法制化;强调义务本位、严格法律责任等。     

下岗女工再就业服务研究:以天津市妇联再就业服务为例

文章以天津市妇联为个案,应用摩塞框架对妇联的下岗女工再就业服务进行了社会性别分析,目的是探讨下岗女工再就业服务在推进性别平等和社会性别主流化方面的作用和影响,反思再就业政策的取向。     

携带电话消费者的权利维护——从法律视角关注不良短信问题

近年我国出现了诸多不良短信问题,如短信污染、短信欺诈、手机病毒等,严重侵害了手机消费者的合法权益,短信服务市场的状况令人堪忧。而造成短信服务市场失范的一个重要原因是电信运营商没有忠实履行自己善良管理人的注意义务,没有为消费者提供安全的电信服务。要解决出现的不良短信问题和规制运营商的服务,应从电信业务经营者的行业自律、加强电信立法、实施有效监管、建立合理的诉讼程序等方面着手,以期使短信服务市场规范有序,真正维护手机消费者的权利。     

The Experience of Women Regarding Chilean Government Measures during the COVID-19 Pandemic

This study explores the experience of ten possible beneficiaries of the measures provided by the Chilean government during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic through remote semi-structured interviews. The results show a scenario of improvisation. Instead of relying on solid gender equity policies, a patchwork of focused measures was implemented, which increased uncertainty and vulnerability. As a result, women experienced sorrow and despair while facing economic constraints and care tasks mostly on their own. This article shows that care remains invisible in politics while overwhelmingly evident at home. Social care policies are urgently needed.     

Gender and Gender-Role Orientation Differences on Adolescents' Coping with Peer Stressors

Gender and gender-role orientation differences were explored on adolescents' coping with peer stressors. Eighth-grade and ninth-grade public junior high school students (N = 285) completed the COPE, reporting the strategies they recently used to deal with a stressful peer-related situation. Measures of gender-role orientation (Bem Sex-Role Inventory) and demographic information also were obtained. Factor analysis of the COPE revealed 4 distinct coping factors: active, avoidant, acceptance, and emotion-focused. The most frequently reported stressful event was arguments/fights with same-sex friends. Girls reported more arguments/fights with opposite-sex friends. Boys reported more physical fights and threats. Students' ratings of how much the situation mattered were used as a covariate in a MANCOVA to compare coping by gender and gender-role orientation, to control for perceived stressfulness of situations. Significant gender-role orientation differences were found for active, acceptance, and emotion-focused coping.     

Gender Differences in Self-Perceptions and Academic Outcomes: A Study of African American High School Students

There is increasing divergence in the academic outcomes of African American males and females. By most accounts, males are falling behind their female peers educationally as African American females are graduating from high schools at higher rates and are going on to college and graduate school in greater numbers. Some have suggested that school completion and performance is associated with how students feel about themselves. The purpose of this study was to explore gender differences in the relationship between self-perceptions and 2 academic outcomes among a sample of 243 African American high school sophomores. The results suggest that, overall, females are more favorably oriented toward high school completion. Both male and female students with more positive self-perceptions have stronger intentions to complete the current year of high school. Higher grade point averages were more strongly associated with greater self-efficacy for females than for males. Given these findings, increased attention to educational programming, societal messages, and future research is warranted.     

Gender and Disorder Specific Criminal Career Profiles in Former Adolescent Psychiatric In-Patients

A Norwegian nation-wide sample of 1087 former adolescent psychiatric in-patients, 584 males and 503 females, were followed up 15–33 years after first hospitalization. On the basis of detailed hospital records from index hospitalization all were rediagnosed according to DSM-IV. The patient list was linked to the national criminal register and the diagnostic groups were compared as to gender-specific frequency of registered criminality. Next, the criminal career characteristics were compared in those with criminal records at follow-up, relative to mental disorder at index hospitalization. The prevalence of registered criminality, both overall and for specific types of crimes, differed significantly between diagnostic groups and between genders. In both genders criminal convictions were most frequent in disruptive behavior disorders and personality disorders. Among males, the lowest violent crime rate was observed in those with psychotic disorders. Males had more severe criminal careers than females, both quantitatively and qualitatively. The diagnoses and criminal profiles of the 10 most active criminals in the study sample were described closer, as were the 11 individuals found guilty of homicide.     

Efficacy, Self-Derogation, and Alcohol Use Among Inner-City Adolescents: Gender Matters

Prior studies have found inconsistent relationships between measures of self-concept and adolescent alcohol use. The current study explored whether the link between various measures of self-concept and alcohol use depends on gender. In addition, earlier work suggested a focus on negative self-esteem (i.e., self-derogation) might be more useful in predicting alcohol use. Students (N = 1459) attending 22 middle and junior high schools in New York City completed surveys that included measures of efficacy, self-derogation, and alcohol use. Participants completed surveys at baseline, 1-year follow-up, and 2-year follow-up. Data collectors administered the questionnaire following a standardized protocol during a regular 40-min-class period. On the basis of a longitudinal structural equation model, lower efficacy was related to greater self-derogation a year later across gender. Increased self-derogation predicted higher alcohol use for girls but not boys. These findings are congruent with a literature highlighting the importance of negative thoughts about the self in drinking behavior for women but not men. The results suggest that the alcohol prevention approaches should include material to enhance girls' self-esteem.