Microscopic Saw Mark Analysis: An Empirical Approach

Microscopic saw mark analysis is a well published and generally accepted qualitative analytical method. However, little research has focused on identifying and mitigating potential sources of error associated with the method. The presented study proposes the use of classification trees and random forest classifiers as an optimal, statistically sound approach to mitigate the potential for error of variability and outcome error in microscopic saw mark analysis. The statistical model was applied to 58 experimental saw marks created with four types of saws. The saw marks were made in fresh human femurs obtained through anatomical gift and were analyzed using a Keyence digital microscope. The statistical approach weighed the variables based on discriminatory value and produced decision trees with an associated outcome error rate of 8.62–17.82%.     

Accuracy of 3D Scanners in Tooth Mark Analysis

The objective of this study was to compare the accuracy of contact and laser 3D scanners in tooth mark analysis. Ten dental casts were scanned with both 3D scanners. Seven linear measurements were made from the 3D images of dental casts and biting edges generated with DentalPrint© software (University of Granada, Granada, Spain). The uncertainty value for contact 3D scanning was 0.833 for the upper dental cast and 0.660 mm for the lower cast; similar uncertainty values were found for 3D-laser scanning. Slightly higher uncertainty values were obtained for the 3D biting edges generated. The uncertainty values for single measurements ranged from 0.1 to 0.3 mm with the exception of the intercanine distance, in which higher values were obtained. Knowledge of the error rate in the 3D scanning of dental casts and biting edges is especially relevant to be applied in practical forensic cases.     

Compensating the Losers: An Examination of Congressional Votes on Trade Adjustment Assistance

Globalization intensifies political conflict between citizens whose circumstances improve from foreign trade and those whose lives deteriorate as a result of trade. To pacify these rival interests, governments may assist citizens who become unemployed due to trade. When and under what conditions will legislators fund such assistance programs? The current study addresses this question by examining Congressional roll call votes in the United States during a period of rapid economic integration (1980–2004). The analysis reveals that protrade legislators who represent relatively more exporters are more likely to vote for increased spending on Trade Adjustment Assistance (TAA) programs. Exporters and their elected representatives arguably support such expenditures to broaden the protrade coalition.     

光滑平面上汗液指印的拍摄

犯罪嫌疑人遗留在各种光滑平面上的新鲜或陈旧性汗液指印,由于潜在指印与背景之间的反射亮度差很小,加之背景颜色的干扰,一般光照条件下拍摄相当困难。运用定向反射照相法,能加强纹线与背景的亮度差异,消除背景颜色的干扰,取得较好的拍摄效果。     

培育发展行业中介组织的难点与对策探讨

行业中介组织在经济发展中的作用日益突出。作者在文中分析了当前制约我国行业中介组织发展的主要因素，提出了加快行业中介组织培育发展的思路和对策。     

入世后高校工会加强职工思想政治工作探析

我国工会的本质特征决定了加强职工思想政治教育是我国高校工会实现教育职能的重要组成部分。加入WTO,对我国的高等教育将产生重大影响,我国高校工会必须切合WTO实际,有针对性地加强职工思想政治教育,促使广大教职工积极推动教育创新,增强教育竞争意识,抵御西方敌对势力的西化分化图谋,提高依法治教水平。     

工会组织参与企业文化建设的探索与思考

随着改革开放和社会主义现代化建设的深入发展,企业文化作为一种现代化管理模式和思想政治工作的重要载体纳入了企业管理之中,成为提高职工素质和促进企业发展的重要精神动力。企业工会组织作为工人阶级的一个群众性组织,具有广泛的代表性,企业文化的构建离不开工会组织的支持和拥护。     

对工会发挥桥梁纽带作用的再认识

工会是党联系职工群众的桥梁和纽带。在新时期新阶段,对工会发挥桥梁、纽带作用进行再认识,对工会履行职能,更有效地开展工作十分必要。当前,工会发挥桥梁、纽带作用,应该从坚持党的领导、密切联系职工群众、依法履行职责等方面加强工作。     

工会应努力为职工提供有效服务

当前工会组织在角色定位、服务领域、服务本领等方面存在缺失.要提高服务的有效性,需要更新观念、苦练内功、实化措施.     

中英经贸关系的回顾与展望

中英经贸关系历史久远,新中国成立后又经历了曲折的发展。中国改革开放以来,特别是香港回归以来,中英双边经贸关系进入了健康发展的新阶段。英国已成为中国在欧洲的第二大贸易伙伴,中国也已是英国第十大商品进口国。中英两国间全面合作伙伴关系的建立、全方位多层次的交流、中英两国经济上明显的互补性及香港回归后“一国两制”的顺利运行均为两国双边经贸关系的发展开辟了广阔的前景。然而,目前中英双边经贸关系中还存在着双边贸易额占各自外贸总额的比例过小,英对华投资绝对金额不大等问题。经过双方的共同努力,中英平等互利的双边经贸关系必将会有新的巨大发展。