Trust,regulation, and redistribution why some governments overregulate and under-redistribute

For many social scientists, government intervention is linked to low levels of social trust and corruption, while others associate it with high trust and low corruption. We aim to reconcile these contrasting views by distinguishing the opposing effects of trust on two alternative types of government intervention: regulation and redistribution. We argue that distrusting individuals demand more governmental regulation (H1) but less government redistribution (H2), and this could be one of the mechanisms explaining why countries with low levels of trust tend to both overregulate and under-redistribute. And the effects of trust on policy preferences are conditional on the quality of institutions. The higher the level of quality of government in a particular region, the more high-trusting individuals will like government redistribution and dislike government regulation that restricts the operations of free markets (H3). We test these hypotheses with data from the latest round of the European Quality of Government Index (EQI) survey, which covers 77,000 individuals from 185 regions of 21 EU member states.     

出卖人违反权利瑕疵担保义务问题研究——以国际货物买卖合同的法律效力为中心

《联合国国际货物销售合同公约》对合同效力问题采取了"知难而退"的回避态度,因此当出卖人违反瑕疵担保义务之际如何判定合同的效力便成为一个重大而棘手的问题。分析表明,如果在确定所有权归属时侧重于保护善意买受人,而在合同法中却认定善意买受人所订立的买卖合同无效或效力待定,这势必使法律的保护重心动不定,由此导致法律适用的困难。鉴于世界各国对保护善意第三人的立场基本一致,建议公约明确规定在出卖人违反权利瑕疵担保义务而买受人为善意时,买卖合同为有效合同。     

论利他合同中第三人的权利

无论是大陆法系还是英美法系,利他合同中第三人权利都得到了较好的保护。但是我国迄今没有利他合同的一般规则,对第三人权利的保护远远不够。我国应借鉴发达国家对利他合同的研究成果,完善我国利他合同制度理论并进行立法改进,以期加强保护第三人之权利。     

论合同诈骗犯罪案件主观方面证据调查的实现

合同诈骗犯罪案件侦查中,犯罪主观方面证据,特别是非法占有目的的证据调查是重点和难点。侦查人员需全面查证行为人的履约能力或担保,签订和履行合同中行为的真实性,履行合同的实际行动,以及事后行为人承担责任的态度,对合同标的物的处置情况等等方面的客观事实因素,来推定非法占有目的的存在,以实现合同诈骗犯罪案件主观方面证据调查。     

合同上第三人法律范畴刍议

作为合同法上的一项基本制度,第三人制度在有些国家的立法中已有单列,我国合同法之规定尚较为零星。完善我国的合同法第三人制度,首先应明确第三人的范畴。我国合同法所界定的第三人的主体对象应包括合同内容涉及的第三人、合同履行中的第三人等等。     

Against the Current: Social Pathways and the Pursuit of Enduring Change

Radical innovations and practices frequentlyfind themselves in an inhospitable environment,struggling against the gravitational force ofdominant norms, practices and relations. Thispaper explores the problems radical changeconfronts in its attempts to become sustainable.Against the postmodern valorisation of thetransient and ephemeral, the paper argues forthe importance of routinisation and repetitionin the process of creating and sustainingchange. A metaphor of social pathways isdeveloped to explore how new routines arecreated through de jure (governance) andde facto (usage) means. The paper arguesthat, in contrast to governance, the emergentdurability generated by usage enables routinesto outlive their conditions of existence.At the same time, routines at odds with theirsocial and institutional environment tend overtime to disappear. The second half of the paperdraws on four British attempts to introduce newpathways: lesbian and gay local governmentinitiatives, Conservative education reforms,Greenham Common Women's Peace Camp and LocalExchange Trading Systems (LETS). Through theseexamples, the paper reflects on attempts tocreate more conducive environments, and some ofthe difficulties this generates.     

无效合同的识别与处理——兼谈“三金”“三乱”合同的效力

无效合同依然属于合同范畴 ,不过自始不具有法律拘束力 ;1999年 10月 1日统一合同法施行后应当采用两套标准对无效合同加以识别和处理。     

转型时期地方政府决策行为分析

转型时期,地方政府的决策行为在不同领域具有不同特点,影响因素主要来自职能与角色定位、法律与政策、利益与官员素质、任期与资历、信息与监督等方面,为此,必须通过界定地方政府的决策权力边界,规范决策程序,公开决策过程,加强决策监督,让地方政府在决策时正确地做事,做正确的事。     

日本政府对企业人力资源开发支持政策变迁对我国的启示

以"终身雇佣制"为基础的"企业培训"为日本的经济发展提供了人才保证,可以说是日本经济实现高速增长的支柱之一。但随着日本国际、国内经济环境的变化,为实现从后发展经济向工业化经济转变而形成的日本型经济体制开始动摇。支持日本经济发展的强有力的"日本型企业培训"由于失去了制度保障而受到了很大的冲击。针对上述情况,为促进企业积极、持续地进行人力资源开发,以保持日本经济发展的可持续性。日本政府在支持企业人力资源开发方面政策采取了一些政策,值得我国政府学习和借鉴。     

Did Jamie Oliver Really Put School Dinners on the Agenda? An Examination of the Role of the Media in Policy Making

Healthy eating is high on the government's agenda in current times and to all intents and purposes the media appears to have played a crucial role in putting it there. While media focus is no doubt intense and playing a vital role in public education (take Jamie Oliver's 2005 Channel 4 documentary, ‘School dinners’, for example), the question that lies at the heart of this article, is whether the media has led the government agenda on healthy eating and school dinners as appears to be the case. A close examination of the evidence suggests otherwise: government policy was already well set before the media began to show a concerted interest and hence its influence on policy‐making is more limited than might be expected. Rather than setting agendas per se, the media's role has been to refine and energise existing policy areas and to facilitate implementation.