Away From Home: Somali Women's Mediated Entry Into the United Kingdom

Based on in-depth interviews with 26 Somali women refugees, this article discusses structural arrangements around their settlement in the United Kingdom (UK). Their “male-centered” migration can be viewed as a specific form of patriarchal institution where men control women's trajectories. Based on Bourdieu's concept of social capital, I introduce a new category of knowledge capital—supplementary capital—to discuss sociocultural/political stratifications that affect integration of my informants in the UK. I show how a lack of familiarity with the dominant language became central to their integration difficulties. These underexamined problems are key factors in immigration processes.     

符号权力视角下广告中的美女形象

走在大街小巷或是打开电视屏幕,充斥于人们眼球的总少不了美女广告的影子,无论是报刊杂志上引人注目的封面女郎,还是电视广告画面中充满诱惑的霓裳艳影,美女广告无疑迎合了当前商业社会的需要,广告中的美女形象不仅深得男性的认同,更使得女性认同了它的运作逻辑,并自觉自愿的以其中的形象为模板来塑造自己。这看似表达了大众隐秘的内在审美标准,深得大众的认可,然而这种审美标准的背后却充满了男权话语的叙述,所谓的＂美＂与＂性感＂无不深深的打上了男权的烙印。本文试图通过对布迪厄的符号权力理论的论述,对广告中的＂美女形象＂进行社会学解读,探讨广告中的性别支配现象深层的原因,即当女性用一种男性的标准来看待自己时,她没有意识到她的思维方式包括行为方式已经被男权制的＂惯习＂深深的浸染了,并无意中成为男权制度的合谋和帮凶,从而从一个受害者又变成男权统治的压迫者、建构者。笔者希望借此唤醒女性的主体意识,彰显女性的独立人格与尊严。     

“Imagine you are auditioning for the Viennese opera”: masterclasses and the assessment of operatic habitus

Being neither one-to-one classes nor concerts, masterclasses for opera singers are considered locales that provide young singers with an opportunity to perform for a highly esteemed figure in the hopes that the master’s feedback will improve their future performances. However, masterclasses can also be looked at as social texts that read through the means of assessing young trainees on the basis of their potential acceptance into the international culture of opera. Intertwining a linguistic perspective as suggested by de Saussere, which distinguishes between “language” and “speech,” with a Bourdieuian perspective that focuses on habitus and cultural capital enables looking at master classes as arenas for assessing young professionals’ operatic habitus and pointing to the components which constitute cultural capital either cumulative or innate. As such, masterclasses become institutions that reinforce Western supremacy of the operatic world and limit the access of individuals of non-European origin.     

“80后”青年作家登场的社会学分析

从布迪厄的场域和资本的角度可以看出,由于权力场对文学场的控制逐渐松动,以及财政支持政策的逐渐撤离,文学场更为自主,但同时迫于财政压力向经济场倾斜。本文分析了文学场中的期刊和出版社的演变以及它们应对经济场的压力而采取的举措是如何让“80后”少年写手进入文学场的。同时,文学场的新变化也促成了“80后”作家的发生发展。此外,“80后”作家本身的惯习也对他们能成为一个现象起重要作用。     

Process and practice: groupness,ethnicity, and habitus in Carpathian Rus’

This article synthesizes Wimmer's and Brubaker's processual approach to analyzing ethnic groups with Jenkins and Bentley's practice-based theories of ethnicity to explain the role played by socio-emotional experiences and practical concerns in Carpatho-Rusyns, both mobilizing as an ethnic group as well as resisting such mobilization. Data were gathered from interviews and participant observation during the eight months of fieldwork in 10 different villages, towns, and cities in the Pre?ov region of Slovakia and the Zakarpattia oblast of Ukraine. Carpatho-Rusyns live in an area where borders have changed frequently and where religions, states, and political movements have encouraged the inhabitants’ assimilation to a new or larger group. Rusyns tend to describe ethnicity as instrumentalist theorists do, that is, something largely produced as a result of struggles over territory, resources, and political power. Nevertheless, they evince a profound emotional connection to their language, land, and spirituality. This emotional connection manifests itself among “ethnopolitical entrepreneurs” as well as among the general population, but only motivates explicit political organization among the former.     

Cracking Hegemony in Thailand: Gramsci,Bourdieu and the Dialectics of Rebellion

Gramsci's notion of “hegemony,” like Bourdieu's concept of “habitus,” seems designed to explain accommodation to existing social structures, rather than resistance. In this paper, however, I draw from the Prison Notebooks some arguments that contribute to a Gramscian understanding of how hegemony may break apart under the weight of the same uneven development processes central to hegemony. Drawing also from Bourdieu, I argue that the conceptions of “hegemony” and “habitus” inscribe the possibility of resistance within the embodied experience of accommodation to class rule. I then elaborate a dialectical, Gramscian-Bourdieusian account of the Red Shirt movement in Thailand, showing that the seeds for the destruction of royalist hegemony in Thailand have been sown in the embodied processes of accommodation to ruling class hegemony. The breadth and depth of challenges to this hegemony, moreover, are evident not only from the activities of the Red Shirt movement and regional discontent in Northern and Northeast Thailand but from the resistance of working class women to attempts to police their sexuality and limit their consumerism. The refusal of Thai elites to accept the breadth and depth of Thailand's dispositional transformation has legitimised – in their eyes – the brutal crackdown on Red Shirt protestors that resulted in the April-May 2010 massacres. Yet repression can only kill off political leaders and specific parties; it will not likely derail the growing resentment of ordinary Thais over elitist class rule.     

民工城市适应的典型案例与场域分析

民工的城市适应是一个需要迫切关注的社会问题。本文结合案例资料,通过全面描述新生代民工城市生活状况,从场域惯习理论的角度分析了新生代民工的城市适应问题。在此基础上认为,新生代民工的城市适应就是其习性的调整与其所在的场域相互匹配、相互建构的过程。