关于解决北京市劳动模范医疗问题的调查与思考

劳动模范为国家和社会做出了突出贡献,他们是国家的宝贵财富。党和政府历来都十分重视劳模工作。近年来,随着国家医疗制度的改革,劳模因医疗负担过重造成劳模生活困难。针对出现的新问题,开展调查研究,找出问题根源,制定措施,切实解决劳模困难。     

贩卖毒品罪的本质

贩卖毒品罪的本质可以从形式层面揭示,也可以从实质层面剖析。我国刑法一般从形式上界定,而德日刑法则通常从实质上分析。关于贩卖毒品罪的本质,德国理论界有两种主要的学说。一是以法益一元论为基础的贩卖毒品罪本质观,二是以法益二元论为基础的贩卖毒品罪本质观。前者侧重于刑罚权的限制和人权的尊重,后者则重视社会秩序的维持。借鉴国外理论,我国刑法中贩卖毒品罪的本质应该界定为对于不特定多数人生命、健康的危险,即对人民健康的侵害,该危险是一种抽象危险。     

公共健康和强制许可制度

TRIPS协定将传统的专利保护客体扩大到所有技术领域的任何发明,将医药产品及方法纳入了专利保护的范围,以致受专利保护的药品价格大幅上扬,在一些国家尤其是发展中国家和不发达国家产生健康危机。本文试图在分析《多哈宣言》及其《执行决议》中关于强制许可制度规定的基础上,提出我国可将其作为解决公共健康危机的基本途径。     

让警察远离亚健康的困扰--论警察健康权益的维护和救济

由于过度劳累、工作环境恶劣、生活没有规律等原因,我国大部分警察处于亚健康状态.让警察远离亚健康的困扰,既是维持警察个体正常生命活动的需要,也是维护国家安全、社会稳定、人民生命财产安全的需要.对警察的健康权益进行维护和救济,必须在优化现有警力资源的同时逐年增加公安干警编制;必须提升民警素质、实现"数字公安",走科技强警之路;必须建立大练兵长效机制,增强民警的身体素质和业务技能,提高队伍的战斗力;必须采取各种措施从优待警.     

The Impact of School Mental Health Services on Out-of-School Suspension Rates

The current study investigated whether the presence of school-based mental health clinicians in an urban school district was associated with reduced out-of-school suspension rates. Forty one elementary schools with expanded school mental health (ESMH) programs were compared to 41 schools without ESMH programs. Correlational analyses revealed associations between suspension outcomes and several school-level demographic variables including school attendance rate, percent of students in poverty, and percent of nonwhite students in the school. After controlling for these variables, however, results of stepwise linear regressions demonstrated no significant differences between ESMH and non-ESMH schools on suspension outcomes. Results of the current study suggest that the presence of ESMH clinicians will not necessarily impact suspension rates in an elementary school. Targeted and well-implemented approaches to address behaviors that lead to suspension, or school- and system-level policies to provide alternatives to suspensions, will likely be a better route to achieving this outcome.     

Reconsidering The Counter-Mobilization Hypothesis: Health Policy Lobbying In The American States

Despite its widespread use since the concept was introduced by David Truman (1951. The Governmental Process. New York: Alfred A. Knopf), counter-mobilization by organized interests has remained theoretically ambiguous and rarely studied empirically. We more fully develop the concept of short-term counter-mobilization, distinguish it from long-term counter-mobilization, specify the conditions under which we might observe short-term counter-mobilization, and test the resulting hypotheses with data on health care lobby registrations in the American states during the late 1990s. We find little evidence of short-term counter-mobilization among health interest organizations, which leads us to more fully consider several null hypotheses about the limits of strategic behavior on the part of organized interests.An earlier version of this paper was prepared for presentation at the Annual Meeting of the Midwest Political Science Association, Chicago, April 2004. This research was supported by a Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Investigator Award in Health Policy Research (ID#047727).     

掌握学生个性心理，做好思想教育工作

在市场经济的新形势下 ,做好公安院校学生的思想工作 ,不能只是用原来的硬性思想教育方式 ,而是要将硬性思想教育与柔性思想教育相举并用。柔性思想教育抓住当前社会上存在的价值意识特征 ,考虑学生的个性心理特点和切身利益需要 ,引导学生认识自身的心理特点 ,发挥长处 ,克服缺点 ,结合硬性思想教育 ,培养学生具有健康的心理 ,树立正确的价值观 ,以达到思想教育的目的。     

Utility of infectious disease coding sheets for surveillance in a state medical examiner's office

Medical examiners are often first to recognize unusual occurrences of fatal infectious diseases. Recognition of these deaths allows public health officials to institute appropriate public health measures. Therefore, we developed a simple method of identifying and tracking infectious disease deaths in a statewide medical examiner's office. One-page infectious disease forms were completed for 1566/1949 autopsies (80%) performed at the New Mexico Office of the Medical Investigator in 2004. In 241 cases one infectious disease was identified at autopsy and 58 cases had two infectious diseases. Fourteen of the infectious-diseases caused deaths involved diseases that are notifiable conditions in New Mexico. Pneumonia was the most commonly reported infectious process (47 deaths) followed by sepsis (25 deaths). Tracking infectious disease deaths highlighted the importance of recognizing these deaths, although hand-written entries were unstandardized. Preferably, a tracking system would be built into electronic databases at medical examiner and coroner's offices, expediting the identification of these diseases and contact of public health agencies.     

罪犯身体健康权的缺损与救济

罪犯权利有应有权利、法定权利和实有权利之分。身体健康权是罪犯的应有权利和法定权利。但在实践中,罪犯的身体健康权存在着种种缺损。罪犯的身体健康权的缺损应通过刑罚处罚、行政处分、民事损害赔偿和刑事赔偿等主要手段予以救济。     

Tariff liberalization and product standards: Regulatory chill and race to the bottom?

Does tariff liberalization cause regulatory chill by putting downward pressure on health, safety, and environmental standards? Or does it cause a race to the top as governments seek to use standards as nontariff barriers to trade? There remains remarkably little empirical evidence to answer these long-debated questions. We seek to address this lack by analyzing annual country-by-industry data on notifications of changes in sanitary and phytosanitary standards by world trade organization members. Our results suggest that the impact of increased trade pressure depends on whether domestic producers are likely to gain or lose from a change in standards. Regulatory chill is the dominant response in most countries, but countries in which producers can adapt to standards relatively cheaply appear to race to the top. Consequently, tariff liberalization encourages divergence in standards across countries.