Pathways of Victimization and Resistance: Toward a Feminist Theory of Battered Women’s Help‐Seeking

Although intimate partner abuse has been extensively researched over the last thirty years, battered women’s help‐seeking remains perplexingly undertheorized, particularly within criminology. This analysis aims to offer a corrective by applying the feminist pathways theoretical model—which examines women’s and girls’ offending behaviors in the context of their past victimization experiences—to battered women’s help‐seeking. Data from in‐depth life history interviews with 22 battered women in two states indicate that the women’s childhood victimization experiences informed their adult help‐seeking decisions in meaningful ways. The primary theoretical contribution of this analysis is the identification of specific mechanisms—five help‐seeking inhibitors and three help‐seeking promoters—through which childhood victimization influenced participants’ help‐seeking. Results of this analysis demonstrate the benefit of a feminist pathways theoretical model of battered women’s help‐seeking in order to better understand how pathways of victimization and resistance develop over the course of women’s lives.     

马克思对“国家帮助论”的批驳及其启示

在《哥达纲领批判》中,马克思对"自由国家"、"铁的工资规律"、"由国家帮助建立生产合作社"等说辞逐一进行了批驳,指出了"国家帮助论"维护资产阶级统治、消磨无产阶级革命斗志"的拉萨尔主义的理论本质。这一檄文启示我们:在阶级社会,尤其是在资本主义社会,无产阶级只有通过自发的暴力革命才能真正实现无产阶级专政,实现自身解放,除此,别无他途。     

试析警察救助行为

警察救助是一种广泛存在的警察行政行为,是随着现代警察制度的建立而产生的。从法理角度厘清警察救助行为,正确认定警察救助特征、原则,对警察严格执法、执法为民影响重大。警察救助应否定非职权救助,以更好地体现警察职能,发挥警察组织这一公共资源的最大效用,实现公平、正义,推进依法行政。     

群体性上访事件调查取证之难点分析

目前,公安机关在群体性上访事件的调查取证中,在法律依据、取证意识、取证对象、取证重点、取证途径、取证时机、取证的方式方法等方面面临着诸多难题.为了做好群体性上访事件的调查取证工作,公安机关要从违法上访行为的行为主体、主观方面、客观方面等构成要件上明确取证对象,通过多条渠道拓宽取证途径,掌握最佳的取证时机,注意调查取证的方式方法,处理好公开取证与秘密取证的关系.     

Intangible activities—the prevalence of informal helping in Denmark

‘Informal helping’ is often associated with other types of prosocial behaviour such as formal voluntary work. Therefore, one could jump to the conclusion that it would be the same factors driving both types of activities. This article demonstrates that this is not the case. The study relies on a population survey on informal helping and volunteering in Denmark. The two contributions of this article are as follows: (1) it demonstrates that the socio-demographic indicators that are closely linked to formal volunteering are not related to informal helping in the same manner and (2) it demonstrates that it is necessary to separate the decision to help and the amount of hours that people help, a distinction that previous empirical studies on this topic fail to include. The results show that informal helping may not simply be compared to other instances of prosocial behaviour. In particular, the socio-demographic indicators that are closely linked to formal volunteering are not necessarily related to informal helping. Moreover, the results emphasize the need for including informal helping as an act of civic engagement, which ought not to be confused with other forms of engagement within the civil society.     

Post-traumatic effects in policing: perceptions,stigmas and help seeking behaviours

This study explored the relationships between perceptions, stigmas and support with help seeking amongst police officers. A total of 421 web surveys were completed by constables from a large municipal police force in Canada. The most significant finding was the relationship between officers feeling comfortable disclosing distressing personal information and seeking help from others. Help was most commonly sought from respondents’ friends (at work and outside) and family members. Respondents shared information with their direct supervisors only when there was a strong, reciprocal relationship between them. Implications for future research and practice for help seeking in police occupations are discussed.     

关注弱势群体构建和谐社会

社会弱势群体是我国经济转轨和社会转型的产物。扶助弱势群体是构建社会主义和谐社会的必然要求,有助于维护社会公正,促进社会稳定,巩固党的执政基础。解决弱势群体问题应从以下方面着手:加速经济发展,改善弱势群体的生存和发展环境;以社会公正原则为导向,建立健全利益均衡机制;规范和拓展利益表达渠道,建立健全畅通的利益表达机制;大力扶植社会中产阶层,使之成为社会的主体部分和中间力量;突出弱势关怀,营造一个扶助弱势群体的社会大环境。     

刑法框架下见危不助犯罪化的具体考量

基于刑事一体化的要求,刑事立法也应从"一体化"的要求出发,在研制出法律文本的同时顾及司法与守法的可能。通过对见危不助犯罪化的刑事立法本身及其在法律实践中的实际效果进行分析与研究表明,将见危不助行为犯罪化的做法,无法在法益判断上寻求到立法的根据,司法实践中也会遭遇无法解决的困难。将道德纳入刑法体系,未必见得公民便能确立对法律的忠诚,刑法并不是我们在规制见危不助行为方面所能达致的普遍共识。     

从立功的本质看帮助犯罪分子立功的认定

立功是有用性和功利性的结合,认定立功应从立功的本质上来把握。从立功信息来源于同监犯罪人、立功信患来源于其辩护律师、立功信息来源于司法机关工作人员或其他负有查禁犯罪活动职责的其他国家机关工作人员、立功信患来源于犯罪人亲友、立功信息来源于买来这5种情形来看,其基本符合立功的本质特征,应当认定为立功。     

累积犯视域下网络账号恶意注册行为的规制

作为各类网络“黑灰产业”的源头,网络账号恶意注册行为具有行为原子化、推定的“恶意”、原因力的间接性、侵犯法益的广泛性等特征,亟需刑法规制。累积犯理论依据“真实的累积效应”,将轻微不法行为纳入抽象危险犯的规制范围,与网络账号恶意注册行为相契合且为规制后者提供了理论支持。立足于网络社会特点及语用学的发展,通过对刑法解释进行“去中心化”的网络改造,可使帮助信息网络犯罪活动罪的适用更加灵活。对“明知”与“犯罪”的阐释应跳出传统语义的窠臼,扩张至“推定明知”与“不法行为”,进而在恪守罪刑法定原则的基础上实现刑法立法的效用最大化。