高速动车车窗玻璃破损成因研究

本文通过对24例高速动车组车窗玻璃破损现场勘查资料的分析，归纳了车窗玻璃在非人为因素和人为因素两种不同情况下玻璃破损的特点，探讨了动车车窗玻璃破损的机理，提出了勘查此类现场的要点及防范措施。     

高空抛物致人损害的法律救济

界定高空抛物行为,解读司法实践的二元化判决背后的法理,评析《侵权责任法》第87条的规定,限制该条文的适用范围,分析高空抛物行为责任性质,并认为一定范围内可能的行为人应当分担受害人的损害,而不应当承担连带责任。最后,在肯定现行的法律规定的同时,提出健全保险制度、完善国家责任和督促物业公司和业主建立物业补偿金制度。     

在深化改革中不断提高党校教学质量

党校作为培训各级领导干部的主阵地、主渠道,必须适应形势发展变化,通过以下几个方面深化教学改革,以不断提高党校教学质量：一是转变教学思路,大胆借鉴＂现代培训理念＂的精华;二是创新教学形式,大力推行＂研究式教学＂模式;三是改革教学内容,努力做到＂依需定学、因需施教＂;四是提升教师能力素质,构建＂开放型师资队伍＂。     

Portable high‐resolution automated 3D imaging for footwear and tire impression capture

The forensic science community raised the need for improved evidence recognition, collection, and visualization analytical instrumentation for field and laboratory use. While the 3D optical techniques for imaging static objects have been extensively studied, there is still a major gap between current knowledge and collecting high‐quality footwear and tire impression evidence. Among optical means for 3D imaging, digital fringe projection (DFP) techniques reconstruct 3D shape from phase information, achieving camera‐pixel spatial resolution. This paper presents a high‐resolution 3D imaging technology using DFP techniques dedicated to footwear and tire impression capture. We developed fully automated software algorithms and a graphical user interface (GUI) that allow anyone without training to operate for high‐quality 3D data capture. We performed accuracy evaluations and comparisons comparing with the commercial high‐end 3D scanner and carried out qualitative tests for various impressions comparing with the current practices. Overall, our technology achieves similar levels of accuracy and resolution with a high‐end commercially available 3D scanner, while having the merits of being (1) more affordable; (2) much easier to operate; and (3) more robust. Compared with the current practice of casting, our technology demonstrates its superiority because it (1) is non‐destructive; (2) collects more evidence detail than casts, especially when an impression is fragile; (3) requires less time and money to collect each piece of evidence; and (4) results in a digital file that can easily be shared with other examiners.     

Estimating Individual Contributions to Complex DNA SNP Mixtures.,

High‐throughput sequencing (HTS) of large panels of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) provides an alternative or complimentary approach to short tandem repeats (STRs) panels for the analysis of complex DNA mixture forensic samples. For STRs, methods to estimate individual contribution concentrations compare capillary electrophoresis peak heights, peak areas, or HTS allele read counts within a mixture. This article introduces three approaches (mean, median, and slope methods) for estimating individual DNA contributions to forensic mixtures for HTS/massively parallel sequencing (MPS) SNP panels. For SNPs, the major:minor allele ratios or counts, unique to each contributor, were compared to estimate contributor proportion within the mixture using the mean, median, and slope intercept for these alleles. The estimates for these three methods were typically within 5% of planned experimental contributions for defined mixtures.     

高频超声检查在周围神经损伤鉴定中的应用价值

目的探讨高频超声检查在周围神经损伤鉴定中应用的价值。方法收集38例锐器伤、钝挫伤、骨折及撞击造成的单侧肢体外伤病例,应用东芝Aplio 500型彩色多普勒超声诊断仪进行高频超声检查,将其特征性表现与30例正常周围神经的高频超声图表现进行对比分析。结果经高频超声检查,确诊38例周围神经损伤中发生于颈部5例、下肢5例,上肢27例(肘部以上3例、以下24例)。损伤类型包括卡压性损伤8例、创伤性神经瘤28例、神经完全断裂2例。特征性表现为:卡压性损伤神经受压处变细,近端神经节段性增粗;创伤性神经瘤与神经干相连的梭形增粗段,增粗段神经外膜的线性强回声中断,内部回声紊乱;神经完全断裂表现为神经外膜强回声线与神经纤维低回声束完全中断,断端两侧均呈梭形瘤样改变。结论高频超声能够明确周围神经损伤类型及发生节段,可为法医学人体损伤程度鉴定提供有价值的参考依据。     

刑法中客观主义与主观主义之争的初步考察

与学派之争无关的主客观争议,有必要从刑法中客观主义与主观主义之争中予以剥离。刑法中客观主义与主观主义之争,其意义可分为两个维度。第一维度的客观主义与主观主义之争涉及刑罚对象的争论,即刑罚的对象究竟是对法益的侵害还是行为人的人身危险性;第二维度的客观主义与主观主义之争乃是在不法论意义上而言,即不法的成立是根据行为的客观面或是行为人的主观意思进行判断。客观主义与主观主义之争在我国刑法学中尚未真正展开,双方的论争缺乏针对性,且在概念的指涉与运用上充满混乱。就我国刑法的立场问题而言,有必要根据客观主义与主观主义之争的不同维度进行立场选择。在第一维度的客观主义与主观主义之争中,应采客观主义;在第二维度的客观主义与主观主义之争中,应采受客观主义严格约束的主观论,即一种以法益侵害为基础的二元的行为无价值论。     

高职院校学报应走与科研"整合"之路

高职院校学报内容质量偏低、特色不明显和“两个效益”不高的问题亟待研究解决。其产生的原因主要是由高职院校的科研及科研工作处于劣势地位而造成的。如何摆脱这一困境,走与科研“整合”之路,将会使一大批“小”、“弱”学刊脱颖而出,从而在真正意义上促进我国学刊的整体繁荣。     

日本企业高管的薪酬水平及其未向国际高水平靠拢的原因

日本企业员工工资早在20世纪80年代就已经达到世界最高水平的情况下,企业高管年薪一直处于相对较低的水平,并没有向国际高水平靠拢,更没有向美国看齐。这与日本特有的社会意识、传统的经营思想、日本式企业制度、主流经济和民主化改革、法人所有制、没有照搬美国职务工资、董事报酬规程和高管激励机制、政府控制特殊法人CEO年薪、外资企业少以及社会舆论制约等有很大的关系。     

Walking Away From The Wire: Housing Mobility and Neighborhood Opportunity in Baltimore

Families using the Housing Choice Voucher Program rarely experience large gains in neighborhood or school quality when compared with unassisted poor renters. Research on housing mobility programs has reached mixed conclusions about whether vouchers can improve neighborhood and school quality, especially in the long term. We revisit these findings using new data from the partial remedy to the Thompson v. HUD desegregation case in Baltimore, known as the Baltimore Housing Mobility Program (BHMP). Through targeted vouchers, intensive counseling and innovative policy features, the BHMP helped families move to low-poverty, nonsegregated neighborhoods with higher performing school districts. We examine residential outcomes for the first 1,800 families that moved through the program for a period of up to 9 years. We find that BHMP families moved to more integrated and affluent neighborhoods, in school districts with more qualified teachers and fewer poor students—and most families stayed in these neighborhoods beyond their initial lease-up period. Eventually, a small proportion of families moved to neighborhoods that are less white, but still significantly less poor and less segregated than their original communities. We interpret these findings in light of past mobility programs and discuss policy implications for the Housing Choice Voucher Program.