当代中国女性就业权利的现状分析及救济机制的完善

目前我国关于女性就业方面的法律规范保障不够全面,加上现实中职场中的不公正的潜规则的影响,致使损害女性这一社会弱势群体的合法权益的现象时有发生。本文在对我国目前女性就业权利的现状进行考察和分析的基础上,提出相应的保护和救济机制的完善建议。     

试论政府“和谐人”角色定位与路径选择

政府角色属于一个不断变化的动态范畴,随着社会形势的发展而转换。面对新形势下构建和谐社会的执政理念,政府的执政方式就要与之相适应。为此,政府不但会被赋予＂和谐人＂的新角色,而且应该担当起构建和谐社会的重任。本文尝试从＂和谐人＂角色产生的时代背景、＂和谐人＂角色定位及＂和谐人＂的路径选择三个方面探讨建构＂和谐人＂角色范式。     

通过章程的现代大学治理

大学是崇真、向美、求善之领地,大学是国民教育之象牙塔;现代大学治理是法律维度下的治理,是以章程为制度载体的治理。章程乃大学之宪法,其演绎着校内行政权力与学术权力的博弈,折射着高校与政府、社会、师生的良性秩序和谐。大学章程是组织法,更是权利法与程序法;通过章程的现代大学治理是校长治校与教授治学之耦合,是学术自由与人权保障之凸显,是实体法治与程序法治之统一。     

语言权利产生的背景及其法定化

语言具有原生的多样性和平等性,其维系着公共生活的有序运作,同时又对于个体具有身份构建和文化认同的意义。近代以来,政治权力介入语言领域,语言权利是民族国家共同语的政治构建与反构建过程的副产品。国家对官方语言的选择和对少数民族语言地位的安排是语言权利研究的重点。由此,在不同的时期也引发了关于个体语言权利与集体语言权利、自由主义与认同政治、语言公正与语言生态等相关问题的讨论和争议。     

中国治理跨国贩运人口的现状及其发展

自中国实行改革开放、开始融入全球化以来,跨国贩运人口活动就与跨国非法移民、偷渡现象混杂在一起,不断蔓延。经过长期坚持不懈的努力,中国的综合治理策略已取得明显成效,跨国非法移民、偷渡和贩运人口活动已在很大程度上得到了遏制,案件总体上呈下降趋势。中国未来还应实施综合治理具体化战略,加强长效工作机制建设;修订、完善国内立法,使之与国际接轨;深化出入境管理体制改革,提升案件侦办力度;积极推动国际执法合作向执法一体化发展。     

In defense of human rights of indigenous people

The nations of the world are generally shaped by a cultural diversity, which must be preserved. This leads to a fundamental and essential defense of indigenous groups and their human rights. The purpose of this article is to highlight the importance of defending human rights of indigenous cucapa, natives settled in the northeast of the state of Baja California in the Delta of the Colorado River, especially with regards to their fishing rights, which is their main source of food and survival. The environmental laws that have been issued in the country have greatly affected them, banning commercial fishing in some areas and totally in many other areas, adding to that a not to subtle performance by the appropriate regulation authorities, preventing them from fishing sea bass, hence their consumption and marketing, which is reflected in their socioeconomic status. For this reason and in response to this violation of their human rights, women have decided to enter a cucapa womb strike, which threatens the existence of the tribe by not reproducing.     

Culture diversity and environmental protection

Just as human rights advocates have tended to place only civil and political rights onto their agendas, environmentalists have tended to focus primarily on natural resource preservation without addressing human impacts of environment abuse. As a result, victims of environment degradation are unprotected by the laws and mechanisms established to address human rights abuse. This paper will offer a brief comparative analysis of the United States＇ environment policy and a case of ASEAN implanting the concept of environmental right; discuss the traditional knowledge of indigenous population and its impact upon the environment protection; and at last recommend a model system used in China in linking cultural diversity and environmental right.     

A SECOND CHANCE FOR CHILDREN AND FAMILIES: A MODEL STATUTE TO REINSTATE PARENTAL RIGHTS AFTER TERMINATION

There are more than half a million children in foster care in the United States. Some of these children are adopted into loving families, but many are considered hard to adopt and never find a permanent family. Research suggests that the outlook for the teens who exit or age out of foster care without a permanent home or a meaningful adult relationship is bleak. They are more likely to face homelessness, joblessness, drug addiction, early pregnancy, mental health problems, and prison time. With such grim statistics, states should explore every possible permanent family resource for youth in foster care. This Note proposes that, in limited circumstances, it is in the best interest of the child to vacate a final order of termination and reinstate parental rights. It calls for states to adopt a model state statute based on the five state statutes currently in place that already allow for the reinstatement of parental rights.     

Foster children＇s right to family： A description and analysis of the legislative approach in Sweden

This paper emphasizes the foster children＇s right to family life and investigates whether change of custody and guardianship to foster parents is a successful option to achieve this right. Using CRC as the base for my definition of the right to family I will include the right to continuity, well-being and a family environment in the understanding of the term ＂right to family＂ in this article. These rights may, primarily, be fulfilled by the child＇s parents, and, if necessary for the best interest of the child, be complemented or substituted by foster or adoption parents. The analysis of different solutions concerning state interventions will base on Swedish law. In Sweden, a child in need of help or assistance as a result of abuse, neglect, or other inappropriate behavior in the home setting may be helped by the Social Welfare Committee-voluntarily or by a court order-in the child＇s home or a foster home. Other alternatives contain judicial involvement by changing custody and guardianship or making a decision for adoption. Since many years ago, the most commonly used alternative for children needing long term placements outside their homes in Sweden has become foster care. This development of many long-term placements has been criticized for not fulfilling the needs of the children, especially their needs for family continuity, stability and well-being. As a consequence, an amendment to the Social Services Act 200l was enacted in 2003 which states that the Social Services Committee shall consider the ＂permanence＂ of foster care by changing custody and guardianship to the foster parents three years later since a child starts in foster care, and every six months thereafter, as long as the child remains in the foster parents＇ care. Assuming that the foster parents are fit and willing to become custodians and guardians, and the child views the foster home as his or her home, the District Court can decide to change the custody and the guardianship to the foster parents. The assessment is to be based solely on the best interest of the child, and not on the fitness or wishes of the original custodian. However, can changing the custody and guardianship assist foster children＇s right to family？ This paper elaborates on this question by describing a legal reform in Sweden.     

民间文学艺术权利归属的若干思考

民间文学艺术是集体创造物。其权利归属的确定,是民间文学艺术所有者的合法利益的保障,更是促进民间文学艺术在经济社会中实现其经济价值和人文价值,弘扬民族风气,传承民族精神的必需。民间文学艺术权利的归属,存在不同观点。集体族群作为民间文学艺术权利归属具有合理性,集体族群成立的社团组织在实践中具有可操作性,能够促进民间文学艺术的保存与发展。