“一考察 二研究 三建设”──安汉与他的西北开发三部曲

２０世纪３０—４０年代,陕西现代著名农学家安汉提出并实践了“一考察,二研究,三建设”的西北开发三部曲,初步探讨并解决了现代西北开发的指导思想、方针政策、方法步骤和原则重点等问题,从而不仅理出了当年西北开发的思路,而且也为今天留下了不少经验教训。他的这一努力对于当代西北开发,无疑仍具有某些启迪作用。     

法治社会中法与人的良性互动

真正的法治由良法与良人两个因素构成 ,是在这两个因素的有机结合和良性互动中所产生的一种社会秩序。因此 ,真正的法治必须尊重人和充分发挥人的积极作用 ,包括允许执法者合理地行使“自由裁量权”。     

Framing,valuing, and assessing the environment: August Wilhelm Hupel’s perceptions of Baltic nature and settings for human activities

This article addresses early modern Baltic environmental history and historical geography by interpreting the public writings of August Wilhelm Hupel within the theoretical framework of framing, valuing, and assessing nature and the environment. Hupel’s broad series of publications, issued during the heyday of Baltic Enlightenment, not only contributed to the emergence of Baltic geographical studies but also played a pioneering role in placing the knowledge on Estonian and Livonian topography and nature to order. Although Hupel concerned physical geographical aspects in his writings to some extent, his primary interest definitely focused on human relations with and across space and place. The cameralist thoroughness and calculativeness within that geographical field of enquiry brought about an endeavor to catalogue the parts of nature by using their utility or harmfulness as the measure. However, in Hupel’s opinion the then-prevailing civilisation also contained certain responsibilities for and to nature, particularly regarding forests and their sustainable use (‘nachhaltende Nutzung’), which Hupel wished to promote in the Baltic provinces of Russia.     

关于加快中心城区教育发展的思考

中心城区教育改革与发展的经验证明,要切实把教育放在优先发展的战略地位,就必须深化改革,积极推进素质教育,牢固树立"大教育”观念.要积极探索提高教育质量的有效途径,大胆实施学历与能力并重的用人机制,转变教育观念,促进教育社会化.     

Learn,Frame and Deploy? Cross-National Policy Ideas and Comparisons in Turkey’s Health Reform

Comparative analysis in health policy not only helps us learn about the organization of health care systems and reforms in other countries but also addresses the difficulties of drawing cross-national policy lessons. This case study on the Turkish health reform of 2003 focuses on the national policy discourse to identify how cross-national ideas and comparative analyses are used by policymakers and other key stakeholders. Building on the ideational perspectives and Kingdon’s streams approach, it explores agenda setting and ideological framing activities. The results provide evidence for the political nature of the process whereby cross-national ideas were deployed in domestic policy battles.     

对当前侦查智能犯罪的几点思索

智能犯罪手段狡诈,难于发现和取证,具有周密性、迷惑性与专业性的特征。因此,侦查智能犯罪需要超常的职业敏感与责任意识、超常的周旋意识与周旋能力、超常的取证意识与细致、灵活的取证手段以及创新思维。     

民事审判方式改革与法官司法理念的重塑

在器物、制度、观念这三个层次中 ,观念层次的变革是最困难的 ,因为它牵涉到一个文化的信仰系统、价值系统等最内层的质素 ,但它也是最必需的 ,因为唯有这一层次的现代化才能真正从根本上促进一项现代化事业的最终实现。以此为考虑问题的出发点 ,作者认为我国民事审判方式改革要取得成功的一个重要前提是司法主体观念的现代化。文章以理论探讨为依托 ,同时关照我国的审判实践 ,就如何实现法官理念的更新进行了详细的探讨。     

宽容意识与权利话语的逻辑转向

无论是在实践层面,还是在理论层面,宽容意识与权利话语都存在着一定的关联性。然而,现代的权利话语强调的乃是"主客二元对立"的"主体性逻辑"以及受此逻辑支配的斗争逻辑,从而在一定程度上背离了宽容意识。因此,要想让权利话语重新与宽容意识保持内在的一致性,就不得不消解权利话语的"斗争逻辑",确立以宽容意识为核心的主体间性立场。     

微量物证在侦查中的价值及其发展构想

微量物证是指与犯罪有关的、能揭露和证实犯罪以及为侦破案件提供线索范围的体小量微的物质。由于微量物证具有范围广泛、种类繁多、体小量微等特性,使之成为侦查人员揭露和证实犯罪的锐利武器。介绍了微量物证的特点,对微量物证在侦查中的价值进行了深入分析,对我国应如何发展微量物证技术提出了具体构想。     

Ideas and agency in immigration policy: A discursive institutionalist approach

Political science literature tends to depict the role of ideas in policy in two distinct ways: as strategic tools mobilised by agents to achieve pre‐given preferences; or as structures imposing constraints on what is considered legitimate or feasible. Discursive institutionalism seeks to combine these insights, suggesting that while actors are indeed constrained by deeply entrenched ideas, they nonetheless enjoy some autonomy in selecting and combining ideas. This article seeks to further develop this approach in two ways. First, it identifies three discursive strategies through which policy actors can selectively mobilise ideas: they may foreground one level over others; exploit ambivalence in public philosophies; or link programme ideas over time by invoking ‘policy legacies’. Second, the article elucidates the mechanisms through which such strategic selections can in turn modify existing public philosophies and programme ideas, thereby influencing policy change. These claims are examined by comparing discourse on immigration policy liberalisation in Germany and the United Kingdom between 2000 and 2008. Evidence is found of all three discursive strategies. Moreover, the article shows how, in the German case, these discursive representations led to longer‐term adjustments in underlying programme ideas and public philosophies on immigration.