集资诈骗罪的认定问题

集资诈骗作为严重影响社会经济发展的犯罪行为应当从"非法占有目的"、"欺骗手段"、"诈骗对象"和"犯罪数额"几个犯罪构成要件上与其他类似罪予以区分。同时由于集资诈骗罪的涉众性,我们应当根据《刑法》中的共犯原理对涉及集资诈骗的其他人员一并予以处罚。     

遏制非法出入境行为的对策建构——基于云南边境民族地区边防安全与民族习惯的现实考量

边境是指连接国家边界线两边的一定的区域。云南边境与越南、老挝、缅甸接壤,由于特殊的地理环境,边境两侧无天然屏障,临时入出境通道、便道不计其数,加之当地居民长期养成了从乡间便道过境耕牧、走亲串友的生产、生活习惯,导致出入境管理异常困难,多年来形成"有边难防"的局面。大量存在的非法出入境行为,严重威胁和影响着边疆地区社会的稳定与边防安全,遏制非法出入境行为势在必行。应该在考虑民族地区的特殊情况、依法适当变通的前提下,建构"有边严防"的管理模式。     

Trust in the proposed EU regulation on trust services?

A few months after ICRI's 20th anniversary conference the European Commission adopted on 4 June 2012 a draft regulation “on electronic identification and trusted services for electronic transactions in the internal market”. The proposed legal framework is intended to give legal effect and mutual recognition to trust services including enhancing current rules on e-signatures and providing a legal framework for electronic seals, time stamping, electronic document acceptability, electronic delivery and website authentication. Yet, this draft Regulation provokes many questions with regard to the implicit “trust” concept on which it is based. Starting from their experience in the EU FP7 uTRUSTit project (Usable Trust in the Internet of Things: www.utrustit.eu) and in other ICRI research projects, Jos Dumortier and Niels Vandezande have analyzed the proposed legislative text of the European Commission and wrote a few critical observations. Although obviously not presented at the conference in November 2011, it seemed worthwhile to add this contribution to its proceedings.     

Reliability of paper brightness in authenticating documents

Evaluation of paper brightness in multipage documents is a practice of forensic document examiners when there is a question of a page insertion or substitution. This article demonstrates that occasional errors occur in the manufacturing process that affects the consistency of paper brightness. The inconsistency of paper brightness may therefore influence conclusions reached in authenticating documents. Reams of multipurpose paper, from 21 manufacturers, were examined. When assessing the individual pages of each package with an ultraviolet light, approximately 30% of the reams revealed differences in paper brightness. A study of the paper-manufacturing process was conducted to determine where variations originate. It is concluded that brightness differences occur when one incompatible roll of paper is mistakenly placed with others used for one production run. It was also determined that brightness variations (when present) are patterned throughout individual reams. When the authenticity of a document is in question, consideration of these findings is essential to assure an accurate assessment.     

试论非法证据排除规则在我国之确立与完善——以《刑事诉讼法（修正案）》为视角

2010年最高人民法院、最高人民检察院、公安部、国家安全部、司法部联合颁布的两个证据规定,以及新近通过的《刑事诉讼法（修正案）》中有关非法证据排除的相关规定,对于建立我国的非法证据排除规则以及完善刑事证据制度具有十分重要的意义。本文从对非法证据排除规则在刑事司法领域的价值分析入手,结合新刑事诉讼法中非法证据排除规定的具体内容,从排除证据之范围、举证责任之分配以及排除程序之设置三方面进行详细论证,并对如何在司法实践中更好地落实和完善非法证据排除规则提出建议。     

非法口供的排除与证明问题

口供在刑事司法实践中起着举足轻重的作用,因此排除非法口供,严肃口供的合法性,是十分必要的。我国目前有《非法证据排除规定》,但有不足之处,应以＂自白的任意性＂规则,作为理论基础。文章提出要明确证明责任,厘清证明标准,真正落实我国刑事法律保障人权和惩罚犯罪并重的理念。     

论我国公务员录用制度之弊:违法(宪)性考查与对策

我国公务员录用制度作为彰显民主、择优取仕的现代重要政治制度,却存在五大违法(宪)问题,即歧视性限制、不正当行政、不合理行政、非录用行政行为违法以及救济缺失。针对这五大问题须以五大对策应对,即废止歧视性限制,创设"可录用的假定"原则;公开相关信息,确保相对人查阅权;以专业素养和法律素养为录用考试之核心内容;规范非录用行政行为;保障相对人救济权。如此,方可使我国公务员录用制度的违法(宪)性问题得以修正。     

从存疑不起诉案件谈证据的正确把握

本文通过对基层检察院存疑不起诉案件的分析,从非法证据排除、矛盾证据的甄别判断等方面分析实践中证据判断的难点所在,并提出了有针对性的解决之道,以期有助于检察官在审查起诉过程中正确把握定案证据。     

加拿大证据排除规则之确立与演变

加拿大的证据排除和英国有着天然的亲缘关系,加拿大旨在维护司法荣誉,英国旨在程序正义,在理念上,二者皆以人权保障为目的。1982年加拿大通过《权利与自由宪章》,其中包含有"救济",即第24条(2)的内容,如果发现对被告的宪章权利有所侵害,因此而获取的证据即会被排除。在多年的适用过程中,最高法院以一系案例为基础对24条(2)进行解释,分别衍生出了客观证据与自我归罪的证据、参与性与非参与性证据、可靠与不可靠证据等。     

略述司法会计鉴定若干实务问题

司法会计鉴定应从程序和实体两方面把握其条件,程序从法定;实体可通过印证确认、直接确认和推定确认三种方式加以确认或排除。鉴定产品为鉴定意见,具有排它性;其意见分为肯定、否定与不能确定三种。除委托、受理等程序要素和附注外,司法会计鉴定书应包括基本财务会计事实、论证分析和鉴定意见三个方面。