论环境行政代执行制度的普遍适用——以《水污染防治法》为例的展开

新修改的《水污染防治法》中确立了环境行政代执行制度,文章中以《水污染防治法》为例展开分析了环境行政代执行制度的构成、特点、性质。通过对现行立法的剖析,阐释了此项制度在各类环境污染治理方面普遍适用的必要性,指出了该制度普遍适用中需要注意的问题。     

贯彻落实科学发展观的制度保障

制度具有根本性、全局性、稳定性和长期性。贯彻落实科学发展观的关键在于要有一系列配套制度作为保障。当前,贯彻落实科学发展观最迫切需要的是制定完善理论学习制度,改革完善党的领导制度,建立完善干部政绩考核制度,健全完善科学民主决策制度以及深化行政管理体制改革。     

Die Prämienverbilligung im Krankenversicherungsgesetz: Vollzugsföderalismus und sekundäre Harmonisierung

Subject of the report is the question about factors of influence on the development of a common policy between the cantons in implementing the subsidizing of contributions to health insurance of persons living in modest economic circumstances. It clearly appears that this so‐called secondary harmonization in the first place has been pushed by the concretization of the executive program by the federal administration. Secondly, the influence of various forms of horizontal cooperation is mentioned, which facilitated the exchange of information and reflection between the cantons and promoted the development of a common model for a solution. Thirdly, the paper refers to the role of the evaluation, in which a comparative analysis of the sociopolitical effectiveness of the cantonal implementation systems was made. This studies induced a number of cantons to make adaptations. In spite of all tendencies towards harmonization, however, the cantonal implementation systems still differ greatly also in this public policy. This fact is explained by fundamentally differing policy cores as well as by the varying extent to which information required for the implementation of subsidizing contributions is available in the cantons.     

试论网络技术对社会政治发展的几点作用

网络技术的应用和普及必将作用于社会政治领域 ,给社会政治的发展带来深远影响。它为社会政治结构的调整和功能改善提供了技术手段 ,使政府组织结构从垂直化走向扁平化 ,并有助于政府管理的法治化。同时 ,网络技术影响民众参与社会政治生活的观念和方式 ,为民众参与政治生活提供了新的信息通道 ,并使个人作为参政主体的地位得到提升。     

Olweus Bullying Prevention Program: Components Implemented by Elementary Classroom and Specialist Teachers

We investigated implementation fidelity of programmatic activities of the Olweus Bullying Prevention Program (OBPP) among 2,022 teachers, 88.5% female, from 88 elementary schools located in Pennsylvania. Results indicated that the majority of respondents had attended the school kick-off event, posted the rules in the classroom, and explained the rules to students. Receiving booster sessions and activities involving parental involvement were the least likely elements to have been performed. Logistic regression analyses revealed that teachers with confidence in their ability to implement the OBPP had completed all of the OBPP programmatic activities. Similarly, multiple regression analysis results revealed that teachers with self-efficacy to implement the OBPP implemented more components than respondents without self-efficacy. In addition, teachers with more OBPP experience were more likely to have completed individual-level activities. Our findings reveal that certain OBPP components are easier to perform than others and that implementer characteristics matter.     

“跨法行为”法律适用问题探析——从行政处罚的视角考量

"跨法行为"由于行为跨越了新旧两部法,所以当新法与旧法对同一事项的规定不一致时,就产生了规范选择问题.在行政处罚法中,对"跨法行为"追究处罚时效通常是适用"行为终了时法".然而,这种做法在法律适用实践中并不具有普遍合理性和可行性,甚至违背了法不溯及既往原则.文章从构建"行为时法优于裁处时法"规则出发,结合典型实例,对"跨法行为"的"行为时法"作出重新界定,对行为的持续状态与行为的后果作出明确区分,并就跨法行为的法律适用具体细则进行了分析与阐释.     

刑罚执行社区化的环境分析和对策研究

基于刑罚执行社区化概念及其观点考究,认为刑罚执行社区化存在的现实问题是保障刑罚执行社区化的社会基础、文化伦理基础等的不厚重,其理念、目标与价值的定位需要重新审视,机构和组织保障等缺乏规范和完善。为此,要保证刑罚执行社区化的实效,需要协调和整合社区职能和刑罚执行;专门机构职责与社区和谐环境的创建及改造分子与社区成员之间的"融合"等问题。同时,对于少年犯的社区刑罚执行,应突出教育改造的刑罚功能。     

关于妇女现状与问题的思考

妇女问题是社会问题.因为历史和现实的诸多原因,我国目前还存在着大量妇女问题,解决这些问题是一项长期的社会系统工程,需要全社会的广泛参与和通力协作.     

关于参政党建设的几个问题与对策

参政党建设问题直接关系到中国共产党领导的多党合作和政治协商制度的长期存在、延续和发展 ,事关重大 ,意义深远。目前参政党建设有三个问题应予以重视和切实解决 :全面实现政治交接是参政党建设的核心 ;培养造就一大批新一代代表性人士和领导骨干是参政党建设的关键 ;适量发展优秀成员是参政党建设的基础     

排污权交易制度探析

排污权交易制度是环境资源法的基本制度之一 ,是许可证交易制度在污染防治领域的表现 ,可以实现环境资源的优化配置。排污权交易制度在我国目前尚处于试点探索阶段 ,需要从配套改革、制度内容、实施程序等几方面予以完善