论行政人员的自主性人格

在工业社会的整个治理体系中,行政人员通常处于一种被动的受控制状态。但在后工业社会的治理体系中,服务型社会治理特征突显,这不仅否定了管理型社会治理模式祛除行政人员自主性人格的做法,而且要求行政人员拥有自主性人格,并在社会制度设计中充分体现行政人员的人格特征。行政人员不能仅仅满足于把独立思考和自主行动作为一种义务来承当,而需要其在行政活动中,对自己的独立判断和自主行动有着充分的自觉,将之与命令执行、依法行政有机地统一起来,不畏强权,敢作敢当,超越盲从与依附,担负公共行政的职业使命,回应公众的服务期望。     

反思中国法律发展的方法论立场

中国法制现代化的研究立场只有回归到中国的法律实践中来,只有在准确认识法律实践的基础上并深度结合法律制度的理论与结构,才能提炼出有关中国法律发展的理想图景;这样,有关中国法制现代化问题的研究,才能够建立起符合中国实际的法律发展理论并进而为中国法律的发展选择一条合适的道路;并且,中国法制的现代性才能够体现中国法律发展的主体性并自如地参与到世界法律发展的运动中去。当然,也正是因为此,中国较之于西方,才能够由依附关系转换为自主关系,而与此同时,西方较之于中国,才会由强制性的支配关系,迈向互相尊重、互惠共存的平等关系。     

当事人主义刑事诉讼中的量刑程序评析

设置完备科学的量刑程序能够确保量刑公正的实现,量刑程序作为刑事审判程序中的重要一环,必须具备审判程序所要求的各种内在品质,这样才能使凭借量刑程序而得出的量刑结论公正,才能真正树立司法权威。采当事人主义诉讼模式的英美两国,其量刑程序具有彻底的独立性、完备的程序要素、重视对被告人权利的保障等特点,可为深化我国正在进行的量刑程序改革提供一定的参考。     

近代中国侦查权独立的历史考量

作为一种具有司法色彩的特殊行政权,刑事侦查必须独立于司法审判权和普通行政权;作为一种刑事诉讼权力,它也必须具有排除党派等政治势力干扰的独立性.但在清末民初的中国,虽然也设置了如其他大陆法系国家的检察、司法警察等机构组织,但行使侦查权的检察和警察都带有浓郁的政治色彩,法律并未能够保证它们依法独立侦查犯罪,侦查权的独立性无法获得保障.     

检察一体与检察官独立

现行刑事诉讼法凸显了人民检察院的地位,而作为实际操作者的检察官在刑事诉讼法中却隐而不显。在刑事诉讼中应当保障检察官独立行使检察权。当然,这种独立是与作为检察体制建构基础原理的检察一体原则相调和的产物。对于检察事务,应当贯彻法定主义,规定检察官独立行使职权的范围,严格防范上级对于下级权力的侵分与限制;对于检察行政事务,应当贯彻检察一体、上命下从的原则。为了防止检察官独立行使职权所带来的弊端,应当建构相应的诉讼监督机制。     

论依法独立行使检察权

以检察属性的多维性作为研究进路,阐述了检察权的多维个性,即:国家性和社会性,权能构成的异质同构性,行为个性的主动性、客观性、法律性、事后性和程序性,权力位阶上的宪法性等权力属性.并以此为视角,运用国家与社会、权力与权利关系等作为研究范式,论证了检察权独立行使的五大合理性和正当性要素.同时,还就检察独立的中西方构成要素进行了比较分析,检讨了中国检察独立的三大缺失.     

冯友兰学术独立思想新探

冯友兰先生一生致力于高校教育,有着深刻的教育思想和丰富的教学经验,学术独立是贯穿其中的主线。冯先生在学术独立的维度、举措、意义等方面都有深刻的认识,对我们当下的高校改革有重要的现实意义。     

Employment and divorce among Dutch women born between 1903 and 1937

Women's increased economic independence is often regarded as a major contributor to the rise in the divorce rate since the 1960s. The rise in female labor-force participation and educational attainment has eroded the benefits of the traditional gender division within marriage and reduced the negative financial consequences of divorce. Women's employment may also undermine traditional marital role expectations and increase stress and marital conflict. In contrast to other countries, the Netherlands has seen virtually no empirical support for this economic independence hypothesis to date. This article tests this hypothesis by examining women born between 1903 and 1937. The results of multivariate analyses confirm the economic independence hypothesis: both a high level of education and labor-force participation significantly increase women's likelihood of divorce.     

Africa's indigenous languages as the cornerstone of the African Renaissance

Abstract

This article explores and emphasises the crucial link between the African Renaissance and Africa's indigenous languages. It sheds light on the impact of colonial languages on Africa's colonial state. Indigenous African languages, Ndhlovu (2008, 42) says ‘are essential for the decolonisation of African minds and for the African Renaissance’. However, the finding was that the promotion of colonial languages at the expense of indigenous African languages is characteristic of the colonial state of Africa. The argument is, therefore, in favour of the consideration of indigenous African languages in the promotion of African Renaissance.     

In search of elusive humanity: Philosophy in 159 years of Africa's independence

ABSTRACT

This article was developed from a paper presented at the Unesco World Philosophy Day Symposium hosted by the University of South Africa, 21 November 2006, under the theme ‘Philosophy and 159 years of Africa's Independence.’ It explores the subject through the prism of African humanity from the perspectives of Western philosophy, traditional African philosophy and contemporary African philosophy, exposing the weaknesses of each in their treatment of the African. Throughout, the article endeavours to deconstruct the elitist self-image of the discipline and concludes by questioning the utility of philosophy in enhancing development in modern Africa.