论我国司法体制改革之司法公正

公正是司法的永恒标志与基本价值。对于司法公正的评价标准,人们缺少统一的认识。我国目前的司法工作还存在着大量不公的现象,司法公正的实现还存在着诸多障碍。究其原因是：司法体制制约、妨碍区域利益冲突,造成司法活动中地方保护主义盛行;“重实体,轻程序”的观念影响司法公正;司法人员素质参差不齐,在一定程度上不利于司法公正的实现。而实现司法公正,促进司法制度改革的途径是：把司法改革纳入国家政治体制改革的范围;强化法制的统一性,防止司法权的地方化、部门化;完善管理体制,增强司法公正的独立性;推进程序公正,健全司法公正的运行机制,等等。     

论我国的法院改革与司法独立

确立司法独立的原则和制度,根本上的原因在于保障司法机关和司法人员严格地实施法律、最大程度地实现司法正义.文章试从司法独立应有的法院整体独立、审级独立和法官个人独立三个含义方面来找出我国法院现行体制中存在的问题,并就此给出相应的司法建议.     

国际刑事法庭检察官制度及比较

国际刑事法庭检察官制度实行检警一体模式。从纽伦堡国际军事法庭直到国际刑事法院的发展中,检察官有一个从任命产生到选举产生的过程。国际刑事法庭检察官履行职责的基本保障是坚持独立性和公正性。     

Political competition and de facto judicial independence in non‐democracies

This article investigates the role of political competition in explaining de facto judicial independence in non‐democratic regimes. It argues that the electoral, political insurance explanation popular in the study of courts in democracies also offers explanatory power in the autocratic context, despite popular wisdom otherwise: due to the relatively greater risks of losing power in non‐democracies, electoral competition is highly salient when present. This is examined via hierarchical and fixed effects models that show competition strongly associated with increased levels of independence. This relationship is robust to alternative model and data specification, and has strong out‐of‐sample predictive accuracy.     

三官立而政体立,三官不相侵而政事举——康有为司法理念评议

中国近代维新派代表人物康有为以清末中国司法现状为依据,抨击清末司法腐败,引入西方三权分立制度,呼吁司法改革与司法独立,力图转变清末司法固有模式。虽然结果不尽如人意,但其司法理念对清末的司法改革具有深远影响,其思想和实践经验对于现代司法改革也仍具有启示性作用。     

政策科学视野下我国少年司法政策之完善

我国少年司法政策之完善应遵循独立化的发展路径,并运用政策科学的研究方法。独立化路径是展开政策科学方法的基本前提,而政策科学的科学化方法则是对少年司法政策独立发展的回应。少年司法政策的完善应是以少年司法独立化定位为基础,并围绕着少年司法政策的制定、执行及评估等过程的科学化来展开。     

The limits to judicial independence: Cambodia’s political culture and the civil law

Distinctions between the common and civil law are crucial when considering the rule of law and judicial independence in a political system. The 1993 Constitution of the Kingdom of Cambodia provides for a democratic government with separation of powers, judicial independence and human rights guarantees consistent with international legal instruments. However, Cambodia ranks poorly in international indices of political interference and corruption in the judiciary and for the rule of law. Drawing on interviews with Cambodian state officials and legal practitioners, the article situates the domestic judiciary within the socio-political environment and constitutional arrangements in which it must operate and examines the limits to judicial independence in the country. The article argues that the lack of judicial independence in contemporary Cambodia is not only attributable to its neopatrimonial political culture but also to the legal-institutional framework established during the United Nations Transitional Authority in Cambodia (UNTAC) period. The legal-philosophical underpinnings of civil law, the nature of the civil law system operating in Cambodia, and how it is interpreted locally, are crucial to understanding the limits to judicial independence in the country.     

难行监督之事的监事——日本监事制度的发展历程与启示

我国公司法与日本公司法不仅对公司管理结构有着相似的规定,而且在公司监事的实务方面也面临着许多相似的难题。通过对有着100余年历史的日本监事制度修改历程的研究,总结其在解决这些难题上的经验与教训,必定会对我国公司内部监督体制的发展与完善,提供非常有益的参考。     

Executive overstretch: South African broadcasting independence and accountability under Thabo Mbeki

Abstract

In this article I examine the extent of the South African broadcasting sector's independence and accountability since Thabo Mbeki became president in 1999. I trace how the independence of two institutions – the Independent Communications Authority of South Africa (Icasa) and the South African Broadcasting Corporation (SABC) – has been eroded over this period. While initially the government justified this erosion as being necessary to attain developmental objectives in the context of a globalising economy, more lately there have been attempts to justify greater state control of content. Icasa has been subjected to greater direct executive control, and there are attempts to intensify this control, while the executive exercises indirect control over the SABC. Greater accountability to the state has been accompanied by a decline in public accountability. I conclude by arguing that the experiences with Icasa and the SABC give credence to the argument made by several international NGOs that media freedom in South Africa is declining, in spite of official protestations to the contrary. I also argue that this control has damaged the integrity of these institutions, and that this integrity must be restored now that Mbeki's presidency is coming to an end.     

亲仁善邻协和万邦——邓小平和平外交思想探源

邓小平同志是彻底的爱国主义者、天才的外交家.他不但科学地继承、丰富和发展了毛泽东、周恩来的外交思想和理论,而且在他身上还富含着中华民族的智慧和传统的外交理念.他的外交思想是我们学之不尽、受益无穷的精神宝库.