宪法学视野下的私有财产权保障

如果财产权得不到有效保护 ,对于个体来说谈不上真正的自由 ;对于整个社会来说也缺乏长期动力。中国在社会主义市场经济体制确立之后 ,鼓励人们追逐财产和利益 ,等于开发了社会进步的动力之源。但目前私有财产权在法律上的定性 ,在一定程度上阻碍了中国市场经济的进一步的发展以及公民信用观念的养成。     

论搜查中对公民财产权的保障——法经济学的考量

法经济学分析方法为研究刑事诉讼法提供了分析结构与观察问题的全新的思维方式。以法经济学分析为视角,重新审视我国的搜查制度,对于在搜查中容易遭到侵犯的公民的财产权问题进行研究,进而提出保障被搜查人财产权的制度措施。     

非物质文化遗产的法律保护——以知识产权保护为进路

既相契合又相冲突的关系致使知识产权制度不能对非物质文化遗产进行全面性的保护。对符合知识产权条件的非物质文化遗产要充分利用知识产权制度进行保护,对知识产权不能提供保护的非物质文化遗产,或者即使可以运用知识产权制度进行保护,但亦有许多制度性缺陷的非物质文化遗产,通过制定特别法的形式对其提供有效的保护就成为必然的选择。     

The challenges of fractionalized property rights in public‐private hybrid organizations: The good,the bad,and the ugly

Policy designers seeking to harness profit‐driven efficiency for public purposes are increasingly creating organizations with fractionalized property rights that distribute “ownership” among public and private actors. The resulting hybrids are quite diverse, including mixed enterprises, public‐private partnerships, social entrepreneurship organizations, government‐sponsored enterprises, and various other hybrid forms. Marrying public purposes to private sector efficiency and strategic flexibility provides a tempting rationale for mixing public and private owners in hybrid organizations. Because public‐private hybrids involve fractionalized property rights, however, they exhibit tension among owners over both strategy and, more importantly, goals. To understand public‐private hybrids, we assess them in terms of six dimensions of property rights: fragmentation of ownership, clarity of allocation, cost of alienation, security from trespass, credibility of persistence, and autonomy (of both owners and managers). The unclear allocation of fractionalized ownership rights facilitates the appropriation of financial residuals and asset ownership opportunistically. Other weaknesses in the property rights configurations of public‐private hybrids create managerial dissonance or opportunistic behavior that typically leads to a narrowing of goals, but sometimes also to organizational failure.     

知识产权损害赔偿中证明妨碍规则的成本收益分析

《商标法》和《专利解释二》规定的证明妨碍规则的构成要件和法律效果模糊不清且没有统一。通过成本收益分析可知，要求权利人尽力举证或初步举证，应解释为是为了判断侵权人掌握的证据是否对证明待证事实具有不可替代性。参考或根据权利人的主张和提供的证据判定赔偿数额，应解释为推定权利人主张的证据内容成立，同时结合权利人提供的其他证据，确定赔偿数额。与《民诉解释》第112条保持一致，可以获得最优的解释结果。     

Spatially and Sequentially Heterogeneous Discounts of Distressed Property Values in Cuyahoga County,Ohio

One of the most persistent public policy debates is over the aftermath of the foreclosure crisis and its continuing impact on housing markets. Distressed properties – including foreclosure and real estate-owned properties – tend to be sold at much lower prices than nearby comparable properties, often pulling down both surrounding property values and neighborhood morale. Recent findings show that these discounts for distressed properties are associated with various factors, but three important dimensions of these discounts remain relatively unexplored. First among these is the degree of variation in these discounts, even within the same regional market. Second is how discounts vary through the typical sequence of the distressed property transaction cycle. The final factor is the nature by which discounts vary according to the market participants – are the buyers/sellers individuals or institutions? This study examines these major factors affecting discounts, and estimates the spatially and sequentially heterogeneous discounts for distressed properties in the housing submarkets of Cuyahoga County, Ohio. Findings indicate that the discounts of distressed properties in the strong and weak submarkets substantially vary based on all three of these previously overlooked factors, yielding a more complex and nuanced housing context for practitioners and policymakers to consider.     

论电子商务交易的流转税法律属性问题

如何确定电子商务在线交易数据化产品的流转税法律属性,是目前中外各国财税当局在电子商务税收实践中面临的共同问题,税法理论界也存在着不同的观点。在我国现行流转税体制未进行结构性的改革调整的情况下,在线交易的数据化产品提供,不宜视为增值税意义上的销售货物行为,而应该区别具体情况,分别确定为营业税意义上的提供服务或转让无形财产交易。这样能够在更大程度上体现税收中性原则和实现课税公平,也有利于我国对电子商务课征流转税的制度与未来可能形成的电子商务流转税国际协调规则的接轨。     

劳动价值论研究：回归本原、回归现实

认识劳动价值论必须与认识现实社会结构和社会运行趋势相联系，这是马克思劳动价值论的精髓所在，与马克思所处的时代相比，我国现阶段劳动分工的范围，经济增长方式，生活方式和价值观念都起了很大的变化，因此我们对现阶段劳动与价值的关系的认识也应该变化，在现实条件下，技术劳动，管理劳动，销售劳动，服务劳动等非直接劳动对价值创造的贡献越来越明显，在我国新出现的有产者，绝大多数是通过自己的知识，技术和管理能力在创造着价值。在社会主义的初级阶段，我们应重新认识这些新的有产者，给其应有的尊重和社会地位。     

试论知识产权法律冲突的特点

知识产权的法律冲突,具有不同于其他国际民事关系法律冲突的特点。知识产权的法律冲突伴随知识产权条约的缔结而产生,其表现形式复杂多样。知识产权法律冲突的范围和内容,不仅受科学技术发展状况的影响,而且与各国利益的冲突密切相关。     

把个人的权利还位于个人--试论夫妻个人特有财产制

把个人的权利还位于个人是一个社会走向民主化、开放化后的表现 ,新修改的婚姻法顺应这一趋势 ,增设了夫妻个人特有财产制 ,满足了我国夫妻在婚姻关系存续期间拥有个人财产权利的愿望。但还须在夫妻个人特有财产制的范围及夫妻对个人特有财产的权利等问题上进一步完善