指示义务：中国民事诉讼结构调整的契机

在新近的司法改革中，一个明显的趋势就是增加我国民事诉讼结构的“当事人主义”因素，强化当事人的诉讼主体地位，然而事实上新近两大法系民事诉讼改革却加强了法官在诉讼中的指挥、引导作用。从世界范围来看，审判有其可遵循的共同规律，我们要尽快利用本身的优势，走上到达法治的捷径，法官的指示义务为此提供了很好的改革契机。     

The Effects of Community Policing on Complaints Against Officers

Between 1982 and 1989, the Houston Police Department was committed toforming partnerships with the community as part of its strategy to improvepolice service to the city. Using complaint data from the Internal AffairsDivisions of the Houston Police Department, this research examines whetherofficers assigned to areas of the city that implemented community policinghave fewer complaints than other officers. The results showed that officersworking in areas where community policing had been implemented receivedsignificantly fewer complaints than officers working in other areas. Anexception was complaints for criminal behavior, which increased. The resultssuggest that models of community policing that focus on creating communitypartnerships have the potential to reduce tension between the police and thepublic.     

论电子政务下政府权力运作之外在规定性

政府权力运作在电子政务下产生了重大变化，而其外在规定性是一个被忽视而又十分重要的课题。从外延考察，电子政务下政府权力运作之外在规定性由有限虚拟、职能整合、信息共享、法治监督和以人为本组成。     

关于调整中国刑法结构的思考

There are two problems with regard to the structure of Chinese criminal law. Firstly, the crimes that are defined in the Chinese criminal code are approximately equal to the felonies that are defined in the western criminal codes, while re-education through labor and penalty for administration of public security similar to the misdemeanors and violations in western countries respectively are not included in the Chinese criminal code, and meanwhile the security measures have not been systematized. Secondly, crimes and penalties, except in criminal law, can not be prescribed in administrative laws and economic laws, and such single track system of conviction and sentencing fails to satisfy the current social situation in which the number of mala prohibia has increased so much. The way to reform Chinese criminal law structure: Firstly, it is to establish a double track system, where mala prohibia should be prescribed in the related administrative laws or economic laws; secondly, a comprehensive criminal code should be reformulated in which felonies, misdemeanors, violations and security measures are all included. Liu Renwen, Ph.D, is a senior research fellow at the Law Institute of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences. His major works include: A Preliminary Study of Criminal Policy (2004), Economic Analysis in the Integration of Criminal Law (2007), Crimes of Environment and National Resources (2004); and research articles, such as: Reform of the re-education through labor (Criminal Law Review, 2001), Enhance the quality of death penalty cases through the procedure (New Reports in Criminal Law, 2006).     

社会治理的要素分析

全球化进程中，人类面临着一系列新的社会治理问题，同时又正在承受因自身治理失误带来的种种灾难。正确、全面认识社会治理不仅关系整个人类未来的生存发展，也必将影响到每个国家和每一个人的切身利益。客观准确地分析和把握社会治理的要素是科学认识社会治理的基础。只有通过对社会治理主要要素的深入分析，才能从整体上把握人类各种社会治理行为变化发展的共同规律。     

Normative Principles of China’s Political-Legal System

As a system that is symbolic of contemporary China, the politicallegal system refers to the governance structure that under the leadership of the Communist Party of China (CPC), law-enforcement and judicial agencies and various governance subjects jointly promote a peaceful China initiative and build a China under the rule of law. The historical evolution from the classical rites-law tradition to the modern politicallegal system reflects the consistent political focus and ideological exploration of China’s politicians and thinkers about the national rise and fall. The basic structure of the political-legal system can be divided into three principal groups of relationships, namely, the relationships between various law-enforcement and judicial agencies, the relationships between law-enforcement and judicial agencies and external bodies, and the relationships between the CPC and law-enforcement and judicial agencies. The normative principles concerning these three principal groups of relationships constitute the basic rules for the institutional design and practical operation of the political-legal system. The normative principles of the first group of relationships relate to self-integration, division of responsibilities, mutual cooperation and mutual restraint. The normative principles of the second group of relationships involve prioritizing social autonomy, primary-level governance and front-end governance. The normative principles of the third group of relationships are concerned with macro-leadership, centralized leadership and leadership under the rule of law. The analysis of these three sets of normative principles shows that China’s political-legal system not only follows the universal law and common mechanism of modern national governance, but also accumulates the local experience and unique wisdom of China’s governance.     

当前全球治理与中国全球治理话语权提升

当前世界秩序正在发生深刻复杂变化,全球治理体系也深受影响,大国围绕全球治理话语权的竞争日益激烈,全球治理面临治理困境甚至治理失败。全球治理话语权既体现为参与治理的权利,也体现为贯穿治理过程的权力,具体化为治理主题、治理议程、治理平台、治理制度和治理人才等多个方面,反映治理理念之争、话语之争与制度之争。2008年世界金融危机后,尤其是中共十八大以来,中国高度重视、积极参与和引领全球治理,努力创建新机制和新规则,推动现有国际制度改革,提出中国倡议和方案,分享中国治理理念,参与全球治理人才竞争。未来中国需继续加强外交能力,提升全球治理话语权,挖掘和凝练全球治理理念,完善全球治理话语体系,加强全球治理制度能力建设,提高制度性话语权,培育和动员社会力量,做好治理人才培养和储备,以真正成为全球治理强国。     

办事机构如何办事？——对领导小组办公室的一项整体分析

领导小组的研究工作需要适时进阶,从而将领导小组办公室置于学界的"聚光灯"下。基于重要程度、受关注度、资料完整度等指标,可采用中央领导小组、国务院议事协调机构的办事机构作为领导小组办公室研究的"基础信息表"。实地调研、文件起草、政策阐释、督促落实这四项重点职责,构成了领导小组办公室运转的功能矩阵。领导小组办公室的作用机理呈现为X型链接,即对上承接领导小组成员集群、左右联动职能部门集群、向下延伸下级主体集群。领导小组办公室的现实角色已远超过"办事机构"层面,其乃是国家治理中的一个关键行动者。     

第三次分配:理论、实践与政策建议

随着中国经济社会发展进入新时代,以公益慈善、志愿服务、共享经济等为代表的各种新经济社会形态蓬勃发展,在理论、政策和制度层面提出了许多新问题,亟待研究解决。中共十九届四中全会在坚持和完善中国特色社会主义制度、全面部署国家治理体系和治理能力现代化的总体战略中,特别提出要"重视发挥第三次分配作用,发展慈善等社会公益事业"。本文在对第三次分配的理论发展和主要观点进行综述和厘清的基础上,结合近十年来实践领域的新发展和新需求拓展了对第三次分配的理解,将其界定为丰裕社会的财富流向如何适应个体精神追求并达成人民美好生活的命题;随后在与初次分配和再分配相比较的基础上分析了第三次分配的特征,并就第三次分配的研究和政策发展提出相应的建议。     

合法性与联动性:城市社区治理结构的社会组织嵌入——一个新制度主义的分析框架

推动社会组织嵌入社区治理结构,是满足社区居民多层次、多样化治理需求的重要途径,是新时代我国城乡社区治理体系建设的重要内容。新制度主义视角下的合法性机制从不同维度建构社会组织嵌入城市社区治理结构的现实逻辑。从健全正式制度的均衡治理,推进规制性要素的强制性形塑;从实现策略性的专业化治理,推进规范性要素的适应性形塑;从强化共同理念的文化认同,推进文化-认知性要素的内生性形塑。社会组织“嵌入式”发展是阶段路径,“融入式”发展是升级路径,推动制度要素和技术治理联动优化,形成更加成熟健全的组织自主性生长机制。