食品安全组织网络的治理分析

作为一种“棘手问题”,食品安全问题需要通过市场、科层和网络组织及其机制的合力解决。政府主导的食品安全监管网络体系主要由常规则的食品安全行政监管网络和食品安全风险监测网络构成。而基于市场化改革和价值链形成的食品供应组织网络存在种种风险。消费者及社会组织化的发展相对滞后。由此产生的权力不对称和碎片化造成组织网络中的隙缝、潜规则和不信任,不利于网络治理的形成和发展。     

MAPPING PARADIGMS OF EUROPEAN INTERNET REGULATION: THE EXAMPLE OF INTERNET CONTENT CONTROL

The article introduces three of the paradigms used to analyze internet regulation and applies them to the history of internet content control in Europe. It builds on Thomas Kuhn’s notion of paradigms and previous works on regulatory theory, defining regulatory paradigms as a “shared understanding of the purpose of regulation, of the way of thinking about how regulation works, and of the set of institutional arrangements and instruments through which regulation is conducted.” Building on this definition, the prevalent concepts of the paradigms of internet regulation refer to the intention, mechanisms, and the intensity of regulation. The article discusses these concepts with regard to the regulation of internet content control in Europe and analyzes three paradigm shifts that have taken place since the early days of the internet. These paradigm shifts concern the responsiveness, differentiation, and intensity of regulation.     

Examining the Role of School Resource Officers on School Safety and Crisis Response Teams

School resource officers (SROs) are being increasingly employed in schools to respond to incidents of school violence and to help address safety concerns among students and staff. While previous research on school safety and crisis teams has examined the role of school mental health professionals’ and administrators, fewer studies have evaluated the role of the SRO. The current study examined differences between SROs, school administrators, and school mental health professionals (i.e., school psychologists, school counselors, social workers) regarding experiences with crisis events, as well as perceived effectiveness of crisis prevention and response strategies. The most common crisis events across professionals included student assaults, drug offenses, and mandated child abuse and neglect reporting. While SROs and school mental health professionals had similar ratings of school safety strategies, school administrators had less effective appraisals of crisis response plans and crisis postvention activities. Implications for practice and future directions for research are reviewed.     

我国农产品质量安全区域化管理法制建设研究

随着我国近期多个地区发生农产品质量安全事件,使得农产品质量安全区域化管理的法制建设更显紧迫。以农产品质量安全区域化管理法制建设的多重法价值为研究基点,我们认为安全价值为其首要法价值,社会公共利益为其基本法理念。从农产品质量安全区域化管理的法制建设的主体要素、运行要素和责任要素出发,为我国农产品质量安全区域化管理的法制建设提出具体建议。     

新型模糊综合评价法在油库安全评价中的应用

油库是储存油料的基地,油料因易燃、易爆、易挥发等特点具有危险性。客观、正确的评价油库安全的首要任务是精确地确定影响油库安全的各个因素（如员工、设备、环境和管理）的权重。本文中探讨了模糊综合评价法的重要性并提出了一种权重矩阵计算新方法。该模糊综合评价法的实例研究结果表明：员工的身体状况和业务素质是影响油库安全的主要因素,因此,油库管理必须以人为本,同时加强员工业务技能培训,从而确保油库安全。该评价方法更容易操作,使评价结果更客观准确。     

Adaptive governance for the Internet of Things: Coping with emerging security risks

The Internet of Things (IoT) is a disruptive innovation known for its socio-economic potential, but also for generating unprecedented vulnerabilities and threats. As a dynamic sociotechnical system, the IoT comprises well-known cybersecurity risks and endemic uncertainties that arise as IoT adoption increases and the system evolves. We highlight the impact of these challenges by analyzing how insecure IoT devices pose threats to both consumer protection and the Internet's infrastructure. While recent regulatory responses are starting to target IoT security risks, crucial deficiencies – especially related to the feedback necessary to keep pace with emerging risks and uncertainties – must be addressed. We propose a model of adaptive regulatory governance that integrates the benefits of centralized risk regulatory frameworks with the operational knowledge and mitigation mechanisms developed by epistemic communities that manage day-to-day Internet security. Rather than focusing on the choice of regulatory instruments, this model builds on the “planned adaptive regulation” literature to highlight the need to systematically plan for a knowledge-sharing interface in regulatory governance design for disruptive technologies, facilitating the feedback necessary to address evolving IoT security risks.     

论网络发表权

网络发表权是指作者决定是否将其作品通过网络公之于众的权利,所反映的是一种待实现状态,也可以理解为是权利人依法享有的一种静态性权利;而网络传输权是指著作权及相关权利人享有以有线或者无线方式向公众提供作品,使公众可以在其个人选定的时间和地点获得作品的权利,其反映的是作者实现发表权的现实状态。我们有必要正确区分性质不同的这两项权利,从而为作者在网络环境下发表权的保护提出相应的理论依据。     

Further improvement on the regulation of food safety in China

Market mechanisms in food safety management can not fully play its role, together with food producers, processors, distributors and other stakeholders＇ breach of competition rules, so food safety management must rely on government regulation. But at this stage, government regulation of food safety in China is not perfect, vicious food safety incidents that continuously occur seriously endanger lives of people, reduce the credibility of government functions and hinder the stable development of social harmony. Therefore, improving the food safety laws and the food safety regulatory system, establishing food safety credit system and expanding social participation of food safety supervision mechanism are the top priority of the government to regulate food safety.     

食品安全危机管理体制中技术机构的法律定位

经济和社会的发展使原有的行政权为单一核心的食品安全危机管理体制开始凸显出不足,真正的多主体管理机制应成为理论和实践的必然选择;作为社会权力重要组成部分的技术机构,在食品安全法律、标准和政策制定过程中,应当扮演证人、鉴定人的角色;在食品科技研发相关法律中,应当被界定为研究的助推力量和应用的制动力量;在日常食品安全监测、评估中,应当作为独立自主、负有社会责任的服务性组织进行社会监督和接受国家权力的监管。     

浅析工会劳动保护监督管理机制的创新

工会组织是党联系职工群众的桥梁和纽带,是国家政权的重要社会支柱,是会员和职工利益的代表。工会组织要突出维护职能,切实维护广大职工安全健康的合法权益,在分析劳动保护监督管理的形势与任务、现状与问题的基础上,提出对策与措施,创新工会劳动保护监管机制。