“Social physical exercise?” Football,industrial paternalism,and professionalism in west Dunbartonshire,Scotland, c. 1870–1900

This article examines the interrelationship of sport, community and industry in west Dunbartonshire during the period 1870–1900. During the early years of the Scottish Football Association (SFA)– the 1870s and 1880s – the county's main football clubs were amongst the SFA's most dominant, regularly challenging Glasgow's major clubs for supremacy in the Scottish Cup. These clubs were part of an industrial landscape, based as they were in shipbuilding and textile communities significantly comprised of Irish and Highland Scottish migrant populations. Local industrialists acted as patrons out of a paternalistic desire to mould the message of football. Their attempts were nevertheless undermined by the existence of professionalism in the game, which in turn encouraged an alternate method of social mobility.     

Judges and CEOs: French Aspects of Corporate Governance

The debate about corporate governance has brought to the front stage the notion of social interest or interest of the company itself as distinct of its stakeholders. French Law, judges, and CEOs use this notion with different meanings and intentions. The judges refer to it mainly to guarantee the continuity of the firm, especially when the latter faces economic difficulties; the CEOs refer to it to keep a free hand in managing the company. Shareholders see the notion as ambiguous and mostly used against their own interest. Shareholders and company interest do not merge. They differ on the industrial relations policy they induce and in the management freedom bestowed on CEOs. A reform of French Company Law currently under discussion seeks conciliation while trying to comply with the principles of corporate governance best practices.     

论法官在困难案件中的角色

在困难案件的处理中法官应扮演一种“保守主义型”的司法裁量者的角色。由于缺乏一种可靠的指导原则和方法,从而限制了法官在重大的法律问题上发挥积极的作用。“积极干涉型”的司法裁量者角色受到严格的制度限制,并将使法院陷入社会争议和冲突的漩涡,削弱其权威和地位,妨碍司法功能的正常发挥。     

论法官在民事证明中的司法裁量权

建立科学公正的举证责任分配制度是近年来我国民事诉讼制度完善的一项重要内容,虽然我国对自由裁量权在司法解释中做了原则性的规定,但对于在司法实践中大量存在着的自由裁量现象,大多数法官认识不足,把握不够严格,随意性很大。如果不能正确地理解和严格把握司法裁量权,其适用的结果便会失去法的安定性和不可预测性,司法不公的现象便难以避免。     

民事、行政枉法裁判罪若干疑难问题探讨

文章通过对民事、行政枉法裁判罪构成要件若干问题的探讨,旨在准确把握对民事、行政枉法裁判罪特征的认定,以利于实践中准确、及时打击犯罪,维护司法公正。     

简上加简:我国刑事速裁程序研究

The quick criminal judging procedure is a system of exploration and reform in our country. In improving the efficiency of litigation, exploring the division of complicated and simple criminal cases, protecting the rights of the accused and reducing the detention rate, it has important value and significance. However, there are many problems in the process of trying, such as narrow scope of application, conflict between efficiency and right, the concept of division of labor and lacking cooperation. In the exploration of quick criminal judging procedure we can broaden the scope of application, strengthen the judicial protection of human rights, and reverse the rigid thinking of the case to promote the reform and improvement of the system.