论法官的裁判良心

近年来司法界已意识到司法裁决并非全由法律所决定,如果司法裁决并非全部客观,法官的职业行为就变得相关,法官审理具体案件时不仅仅依据的是事实与法律,还要结合自己的良心,要求法官在裁判中要尽量保持良心的客观性。因此,关注法官良心与法的关联性、法官良心的自由与中立及法官良心的社会尊重和养成,直接影响着法官裁判的公正及法院的社会公信力。     

A Contemporary Snapshot of Policewomen Attitudes

Historically, women have been unwelcome in male-dominated police cultures; despite the gains acquired over many tumultuous years, policewomen continue to face significant obstacles. Men officers often promote the subordination of policewomen, and, because of this, some degree of emotional deterioration among women officers would be understandable. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of such a hypothesis. Questionnaires were mailed to all municipal police departments in one southern state with 50 or more sworn personnel (n = 21) and produced 1,114 responses from 16 departments. Analysis revealed that women officers' (n = 89) professionalism, job satisfaction, stress, and confidence levels demonstrate a condition of psychological health and do not differ significantly from those of men officers. Essentially, the findings suggest that policewomen are mentally tough and resilient, and hence quite capable of modulating the demands of police careers.     

Professionals and Shifts in Governance

The position of professionals in public services is affected directly by public management reforms. This article systematically links different types of governance to professionalism, using Osborne's (2010 Osborne, S.P. 2010. The new public governance, London: Routledge. [Crossref] , [Google Scholar]) distinction between Public Administration, New Public Management and New Public Governance. In the development of professionalism in the context of public management, one can observe an increasing fragmentation of sources of legitimacy, an accumulation of different professional requirements and a growing difficulty to distinguish professionals and non-professionals.     

When Do National Administrations Adapt to EU Policies? Variation in Denmark and Greece

This article joins the Europeanization studies and examines the administrative adaptation to Common Agricultural Policy (CAP), a highly institutionalized and regulated policy, in two small older member states, Denmark and Greece. The findings demonstrate variation in administrative adaptation. In Denmark, both formal and informal administrative structures adapt to CAP, while in Greece administrative adaptation is limited to formal structures. This variation is attributed to two dimensions of the domestic institutional and organizational settings, namely “centralization” and “professionalism.” The comparative analysis provides an in-depth understanding of the administrative differences between North and South—a cleavage that became prominent during the Eurozone crisis.     

完善我国行政复议工作人员制度的思考——以美国联邦行政法法官制度为例

我国现行行政复议工作人员管理制度存在着诸多问题,特别是在选拔、聘任、奖惩以及救济制度中均存在不同程度的限制或影响行政复议活动公正性发挥的现象.美国联邦行政法法官制度中的选拔、聘任、奖惩以及救济采取分散管理权力的方式,以保证行政法法官的独立性.本文分析了美国联邦行政法法官制度的特点,提出了完善我国行政复议工作人员制度建设的具体建议.     

日本《裁判员法》第73条介评

日本新的裁判员法具有重大意义,旨在便捷国民参与司法并提高对于司法的信任,但裁判员法的相关规定却侵犯了国民所享有的言论自由,同时也有违该制度变革的初衷,需要进行重新检讨与制度重构。     

论司法职业道德建设的预防功能

司法领域的职务犯罪,其诱因主要体现在司法体制方面、司法机关内部管理方面及司法人员自身素质方面。司法职业道德作为司法职业内部的行为规范,具有预防司法领域职务犯罪的功能。     

国际刑事法院法官询问证人裁量权问题研究——以卢班加案为例展开分析

国际刑事法院卢班加案庭审过程中,被告就＂法官对被告方证人进行询问的裁量权＂提出质疑,具体涉及到法官的询问内容、询问形式以及被告方是否拥有对法官询问的问题进行质疑的权利等三方面裁量内容。审判分庭将该问题扩展至庭审中法官对任何证人进行询问的裁量权,从法律依据和事实依据两方面展开分析。＂国际刑事法院第一案＂的裁定内容与方法对其他司法实践将产生重要影响。     

我国法官自由裁量制度建设的制约因素和路径选择

法官自由裁量权有其存在的合理性与必要性,但极易被滥用。应当通过立法来确认和保障法官自由裁量权,并对其加以限制;建立有效的社会监督机制;实现法官队伍的精英化;建立健全滥用自由裁量权的救济制度。     

法官对裁决的论证义务与公开义务

概念法学派认为,可以通过立法建立完美的法律体系,法官可以从中直接找到毫无疑义、无可争议的规则来解决具体案件。但法律的历史性决定了法律的不确定性,而这种不确定性,势必会使法律适用于具体案件中时产生疑义或者争议。作为裁判者,就有了对裁决理由加以论证的义务。这次新修订的民事诉讼法就对法官作出的判决书提出了新的要求,即不仅要公开判决的结果,还要在判决书中进一步说明判决的理由,明确了法官对裁决的论证义务。