日本青少年违法犯罪的动向

要了解日本青少年犯罪的动向,首先要了解日本青少年犯罪的社会背景。要正确地分析日本青少年犯罪的现象主要有两种方法:一是从量的观点上观察少年犯的动向;二是从质的观点上对少年犯的资质、家庭关系的变化和安置困难等进行观察。同时还要分析日本市民对青少年犯罪的认识;分析对青少年犯罪的报告和青少年所处的社会背景才能更好地了解和掌握日本青少年犯罪的动向。     

对当前加强党的执政能力建设的几点思考

执政能力建设有两大特性:一个是系统性,它是个系统工程,贯穿于党的建设的方方面面,是各级党组织的共同任务,只有党的建设的方方面面都搞好了,每个党组织都坚强了,党的执政能力才能真正提高。另一个是永恒性,就是说能力适应始终是相对的,这个时期适应了,另一个时期就不一定适应,由不适应到适应,是个循环往复的过程,必须长期抓下去。     

论成本管理的新特点及其改进

知识经济将对企业管理提出更高的要求,而成本管理作为企业管理的一个子系统,也必将受其影响.知识经济条件下,成本管理出现了许多新特点.如何把握这些新特点并籍此进行成本管理理论与方法的改进,是目前成本管理研究的一个新课题.     

新时期高等学校教育创新探析

建立在知识和信息的生产、分配和使用上以现代科学技术为核心的新经济形态,国际教育和未来教育的多个方面和多种形式的比较与竞争都迫切需要高等学校教育的创新,新时期高等学校教育的创新抉择在教育观念上应从物化教育走向人性化教育;在教育模式上应从守成教育走向创新教育;在教育过程上应从前端教育走向终身教育;在教育形式上应从学校教育走向多样教育。     

The Public as a Limit to Technology Transfer: The Influence of Knowledge and Beliefs in Attitudes towards Biotechnology in the UK

Transferring knowledge on new biotechnology applications in the European Union is restricted by limited public support. Explanations for this limited support lead us to examine the influence of knowledge and beliefs in shifting attitudes towards the uncertain consequences of unknown technologies. In addition, this paper looks at the role of perceptions of uncertainty as well as information channels. We denote as “knowledgeable” those attitudes that are held by informed individuals and as “rational irrational” those attitudes purely reflecting political and moral beliefs. The empirical analysis employs data from a UK sample of the 1999 Eurobarometer Survey 52.1. Results suggest that improving knowledge systematically raises individual support for clinical biotech applications such as animal cloning, while attitudes towards market-oriented biotech such as GM food remain systematically unaltered. When controlling for knowledge, significant factors within information channels were gender, perceptions of risk and, in certain applications, religiosity. Findings also support the hypothesis that knowledge driven attitudes arise from those applications where knowledge is shifted by perceived experience and thus perceived information costs are small. An erratum to this article is available at .     

浅论出版社知识管理

出版社作为知识密集型企业,开展知识管理是提高企业核心竞争力的必由之路。出版社知识管理的方法有显性知识管理和隐性知识管理。其中显性知识的管理需要良好的硬环境,即营建全面、高效的知识库;对隐性知识的管理则需要在战略制定、组织结构、人力资源管理、企业文化建设等各方面全面贯彻知识管理的原则和方法。     

Social capital and knowledge acquisition in professional-client relationships

This paper examines the role of social capital in professional-client relationships. We consider exploring the effects of social capital on the creation of human capital, a subject which is worthwhile investigating within all professions. In this paper, we concentrate on what are known as the structural and attributive dimensions of social capital and aim to understand their effects on the knowledge acquisition of professional practitioners. We analyse the association between social capital and human capital (i.e., knowledge acquisition) in the context of the lawyer-client relationship. Through the application of social capital theory, this paper seeks to advance our knowledge of the relations between professionals and clients. More importantly, the study contributes to improving our understanding of the role of social capital in influencing a lawyer's ability to retain and win new clients.     

对“程序”理性认识之思考

本文通过对“程序”的理性分析,得出对“程序”的正确认识,并在此基础之上重新确立“程序”与实体的关系问题。     

The failure to learn from others: Vertical fiscal imbalance,centralisation, and Australia's metropolitan knowledge deficit

This paper questions the routes to knowledge of metropolitan governance elsewhere in the world and then explains how and why these are rendered more difficult in Australia. The paper begins with the policy literature on the exchange of knowledge relevant to metropolitan governance. The paper next explains the constitutional and fiscal backdrop to metropolitan governance in Australia; the ‘unique’ role of state governments in the funding, planning, and management of cities, and the powers adopted by the federal government that are made possible by vertical fiscal imbalance and funding conditionality. The paper then explores horizontal knowledge exchange of metropolitan governance in the form of transnational municipal networks, corporations, international organisations, and consultants. The final section of the paper considers the thesis that were Australia's cities to function independently, as metropolitan governments, the potential for knowledge exchange would be optimised. Knowledge of smart city technologies is used for case study purposes.     

‘Just kidding. I'm white!’ knowledge,perceptions and attitudes of white and Indian male university students towards HIV prevention

This article reports the findings of a qualitative study that explored what white and Indian students at a South African university felt and knew about HIV prevention. The study explored the knowledge, perceptions and attitudes of white and Indian male students at the University of KwaZulu-Natal's (UKZN) Howard College towards medical male circumcision (MMC) as an HIV prevention procedure. The study was prompted, in part, by a cynical tweet by Justine Sacco, which implied that HIV is an exclusively black disease. More substantially, the research aimed to fill a gap in studies of non-black student demographics with regard to HIV prevention. The level of knowledge and the attitudes of white and Indian male students were explored to establish the acceptability of HIV prevention amongst these two demographics. To what extent do non-black students care about HIV prevention and prevalence amongst themselves? The prevention method selected for the study was MMC - a choice informed by UKZN's formal adoption and roll out, in 2013, of MMC as its latest HIV prevention strategy for students and staff. The study, which sampled 40 students, was rooted in the Health Belief Model, which explains health behaviour change in terms of barriers, benefits and cues to action, as well as the Social Ecology Model, which recognises the interwoven relationship between individuals and their greater environment. A qualitative, interpretive, exploratory research design was employed. Data were collected using semi-structured interview questions, and analysed thematically. The findings suggest a relatively widespread perception that white and Indian students are not at risk of HIV, demonstrating that the association of HIV with a specific race is both a sad fact and a sign of enduring prejudice and stigma.