双向汲取:社区社会组织的行动路径分析

社会组织是推动国家治理体系和治理能力现代化的重要力量。聚焦社会组织行动策略研究,能够更好地揭示外部制度环境制约下的社会组织参与基层社会治理的微观运行机制。运用"制度环境-行动策略-行动目标-行动任务"的分析框架,着重探讨社会组织与基层政府、社区居委会、社区居民之间的复杂互动关系,剖析复杂制度环境下社会组织行为策略选择及其多元化行动路径。S市G组织的个案研究表明,G组织通过"双向汲取"的行动策略能够实现社会组织行政性目标与社会性目标的双重目标达成。由于G组织接受任务的不同行动目标来源以及不同任务之间的相关性程度差异,使得G组织"双向汲取"行动策略呈现出复杂制度结构约束下的多元化行动路径。     

Colonia Housing Conditions in Model Subdivisions: A Déjà Vu for Policy Makers

The informal self-help settlements in Texas known as colonias have received considerable attention as a public policy problem at both the state and federal levels. These settlements proliferated throughout the border region since the late 1970s and research has highlighted the extreme poverty, austere levels of infrastructure, exploitative land sale practices, and poor housing conditions that characterized these settlements. However, both scholars and policymakers have overlooked the continued spread of self-help settlements known as “model subdivisions,” which barring the presence of basic water, wastewater, and electricity services, are nearly identical to colonias. We present the results of household surveys conducted with residents in 24 model subdivisions in Hidalgo County, Texas, in June 2014. The results suggest that, unbeknown to legislators, many of the problems that characterized colonias are now being reproduced in hundreds of model subdivisions that have formed since the 1990s, and which now require concerted attention and intervention by policy makers.     

A Retrospective Demographic and Clinicopathologic Review of Deaths Resulting from Minefield Explosions During Migrants’ Attempts to Enter Greece from Turkey Between 1997 and 2008

Until 2008, the easternmost land borders of the European Union (Greek‐Turkish land zone) were planted with minefields spanning 11 km. Therefore, numerous fatalities occurred in peacetime as migrants attempted to avoid Greek border checks. Numerous fatal incidents (51) were detected inside the Greek minefields between 1997 and 2008. Determination of age, sex, time of death, and nationality were evaluated in every case. The injuries’ anatomical dispersion, their severity, and the mechanism of death were examined in relation to the victims’ position at the moment of the explosion. Data research indicated that all victims were male, aged 18–30 in their majority, crossing border minefields mainly during the night. Their distance and position in relation to the point of detonation was a key factor in the trauma localization and severity. This review highlights the devastating consequences of the residual mines during peacetime, a situation that continues to be a persistent international problem.     

Forensic analysis of newer TomTom devices

Today many investigations involve TomTom devices due to the wide-spread use of these navigation systems. The process of acquiring a memory dump from the first generation of TomTom devices was relatively easy by utilising the USB-connection and standard forensic tools. Newer devices, however, do not provide this or any other readily available data connection, making the task much more complex. In addition to existing and relatively complex chip-extraction procedures, an easier data acquisition method was developed without the need to de-solder flash memory chips. The presence of new files and the differences in data formats found in these devices meant that new methods of data analysis and decoding also needed to be developed.     

农地流转法律问题探析

农地流转是保障国家粮食充足、实现农业现代化、提高农民生活水平的重要举措。然而,农地流转存在土地所有权主体虚位、土地流转程序不规范、土地市场中介组织不完善等众多障碍。因此,采取完善农地产权制度、规范农地流转行为等一系列措施将有效健全农地流转制度,推动农地合理、有序流转。     

中国城乡结合部土地规制改进的探讨

目前,在土地转性和用途更改集中的城乡结合部,呈现出土地利用的粗放式、低效率、违法违规等问题,表明现有的土地规制政策有其内在缺陷,不能有效地遏制耕地资源的减少。因此,应当从明晰土地产权,完善土地征用的法律制度、程序、管理体制,加强市场机制作用等方面进行城乡结合部土地规制的改进。     

论小产权房与我国土地的利益分配

小产权房是一个全国热议的话题,针对小产权房问题各家学者观点纷呈。与其说小产权问题首先涉及法律问题,不如说首先涉及利益分配的问题,处理小产权房问题,也就是对整个社会资源的再分配问题。在小产权房带来的这一场变化中,受益最大的是地方政府和一些房地产开发商。未来土地制度的设计必须充分考虑我国的国情,因此,必须结合我国人口资源环境长远发展道路,思考"小产权房"问题。     

论农民集体土地权益的法律保护

土地是财富之母。在我国工业化、城镇化过程中,侵占农民集体土地权益之事时有发生。文章通过典型剖析,研究土地问题的深层次原因,提出相关体制改革和立法司法的建议。     

Demystifying the Park Chung-Hee Myth: Land Reform in the Evolution of Korea’s Developmental State

The developmental state literature emphasises the importance of state autonomy and capacity, with a particular focus on a Weberian type of meritocratic bureaucracy. Existing studies of South Korea’s economic development generally credit Park Chung-hee for establishing such a state. This article questions this assessment with careful process tracing of the development of a meritocratic bureaucracy in the country. The findings suggest that the contrast between the predatory Rhee regime (1948–1960) and the developmental Park regime (1961–1979) has been exaggerated. Meritocracy in South Korea’s bureaucratic recruitment and promotion systems developed gradually over several decades, including during Rhee’s regime as well as the short democratic episode (1960–1961). What then explains the evolution of a developmental state in Korea? This article suggests that land reform contributed to not only creating social structural conditions favourable to state autonomy but also promoting the development of a meritocratic bureaucracy by propelling rapid expansion of education and by mitigating the extent of political clientelism.     

论耕地的法律保护

耕地是土地的精华 ,保护耕地是事关全国大局和中华民族子孙后代的大问题 ,永远忽视和放松不得。笔者认为 ,耕地保护的基本目标是耕地总量动态平衡 ,耕地特殊保护应以土地利用规划为依据 ,严格实行耕地的法律管制 ,惩处非法占用行为