The land question: special economic zones and the political economy of dispossession in India

Special Economic Zones (SEZs) have become the epicenters of ‘land wars’ across India, with farmers resisting the state's forcible transfer of their land to capitalists. Based on 18 months of research focused on an SEZ in Rajasthan, this paper illuminates the role of ‘accumulation by dispossession’ (ABD) in Indian capitalism today and its consequences for rural India. It argues that the existing theories of land grabs do not adequately explain why dispossession becomes necessary to accumulation at particular times and places, and seeks to reconstruct Harvey's theory of ABD to adequately account for it. It then shows the specific kind of rentier- and IT-driven accumulation that dispossession is making possible in SEZs and the non–labor-absorbing, real-estate–driven agrarian transformation this generates in the surrounding countryside. Land speculation amplifies class and caste inequalities in novel ways, marginalizes women and creates an involutionary dynamic of agrarian change that is ultimately impoverishing for the rural poor. Given the minimal benefits for rural India in this model of development, farmer resistance to land dispossession is likely to continue and pose the most serious obstacle to capitalist growth in India. The agrarian questions of labor and capital are, consequently, now rejoined in ‘the land question.’     

宪法中土地制度的历史变迁（1949-2010）——基于宪法文本的分析

通过梳理新中国成立以来历部宪法或宪法性文件中有关土地制度的具体规定，探寻土地制度在宪法或宪法性文件中变迁的历史脉络，把握我国宪法中土地制度变迁的基本轨迹，以期为宪法中土地制度的变革提供理论依据和智力支撑。     

Contractual Interpretation,Registered Documents and Third Party Effects

This article considers whether extrinsic material should be available in interpreting registered documents when these may be contractual in nature or relate to contractual agreements. Many registers, for example the current scheme for recording land title, are intended to facilitate the reliance of third parties on their content, an objective that suggests that extrinsic material should be excluded. Such an approach, however, could itself cause unfairness and conflicts with the way that contractual documents are normally interpreted. Exploring this question leads us to consider the contextual approach to contractual interpretation generally and whether it should take account of the contemplated effects of contractual language on third parties. After concluding in the affirmative, we then ask whether this is sufficient as an approach to interpreting contractual documents entered into a register.     

我国城市土地利用问题的政府经济伦理学研究——以中新天津生态城为例

以现代政府经济伦理学为指导,合理规划选址、科学确定城市规模、构建紧凑型的用地模式,可以促进有限土地实现集约式利用,推进生态文明制度建设的不断完善。     

农村土地改革新规定如何体现农民权利

十八届三中全会就农村土地改革做出了新规定,所有改革措施都以维护农民权利为核心。通过对《决定》的解读,可以将其归纳为一个目标、两个条件、三种用地及处理方法、四项权利。     

“小产权房”解决思路探讨

在我国城市化进程不断加快的背景下,城市商品房价格一路攀升。面对这种现状,社会各阶层出于对自身利益的考量,催生出了"小产权房"这一现象。其存在形成原因的复杂性、现存规模的庞大性以及处置的敏感性等多方面的问题。应从分类治理和城乡二元土地制度改革两个方面入手,解决小产权房的困境。     

外嫁女土地承包经营权维权难之成因及完善措施

外嫁女是指因婚姻的原因而离开本集体经济组织的妇女.妇女因出嫁而失去土地承包经营权的情况比较严重,其原因有多种,但最主要的原因是立法上的缺失及可操作性差从根本上解决此问题的关键是从立法上去完善,赋予外嫁女相关权利及提供有效可行的救济措施.     

Intraregional Migration,Direct Action Land Reform,and New Land Settlements in the Brazilian Amazon

This article analyses migration histories of residents in rural settlements of the Brazilian Amazon that resulted from direct action land reform (DALR), which involves organised land occupations. Our analysis evaluates two hypotheses. The ‘urban migration’ expectation asserts that urban experience is important for DALR participation, which links rural and urban areas via migration for land occupations. The ‘DALR efficacy’ hypothesis argues that migration and DALR are complementary livelihood strategies, such that participation in DALR obviates the need for further migration. Our findings support both hypotheses and bear implications for regional development and environmental change in the Amazon.     

从产权角度浅谈《土地管理法》的修改

《土地管理法》的修改,以农村集体土地财产权实现的形式和制度改革为核心,实质上是对土地产权进行更为清晰地界定和更加完善地保障。     

房地产市场中政府的责任与作用

在我国,能够大幅度影响房屋价格的主要因素是政府的政策行为。由于地方政府“成本推进”和中央政策“需求拉上”的共同作用,导致了近几年房屋价格大幅度上升。政府有责任将房屋价格降至合理水平,这取决于中央政府的决心和能力。关键的措施是规范地方政府的牟利行为,并通过提高银行的存款利率、抑制通货膨胀以及规范上市公司的分配行为,使居民的储蓄和投资资金不被蚕食。