商业数据权:数字时代的新型工业产权--工业产权的归入与权属界定三原则

商业数据界权包括确定其权利的性质和权利的归属。个人信息保护和数据安全法律体系的建成,为数据界权提供了新的逻辑起点和法律前提。数据界权首先应基于个人信息与数据、商业数据与公共数据等基本范畴的厘清。基于商业数据的固有性质以及工业产权的历史逻辑和制度内涵,商业数据与信息保护类工业产权具有深度的契合性,有必要将商业数据纳入工业产权序列,作为数字时代具有标志意义的一种新型工业产权,并可以成为与商业秘密相对称的商业数据权。商业数据界权需要确定商业数据的适格性--可保护条件。商业数据的适格性包括受保护数据的合法性、集合性、管理性、可公开性和商业价值性,即以合法形成的规模性数据集合为客体,并采取管理措施的可公开性技术数据和经营数据等信息。商业数据具有单一性、复合性和动态性,商业数据权暗含着所涉权利的分层性,其权属界定应当透过现象看本质,将复杂或者貌似复杂的问题简单化,遵循投入原则、分层原则和责任原则等三原则。     

河南省经济结构现状及优化升级问题研究

近年来,随着国家经济结构调整的不断深入,河南省迎来了全面发展的新时期。河南省经济结构在不断优化的同时,结构性矛盾仍然比较突出,主要表现在内需动力不足,产业结构层次低,支柱、重点行业不明显,城乡居民收入差距较大,三大产业就业结构不合理等方面。针对以上问题,结合河南省经济结构的实际状况,其经济结构战略性调整应发挥政府职能,合理分配资源;深入实施乡村振兴战略;加快新型城镇化进程;推进产业结构优化升级。只有这样,河南省经济结构优化升级问题才能真正得到根本改善。     

产业扶贫普惠型奖励项目与基层治理逻辑

2018年6月以来,我国进入产业扶贫巩固阶段,产业扶贫巩固于脱贫攻坚与乡村振兴而言意义重大。项目制是国家重要治理方式,普惠型奖励项目是产业扶贫巩固阶段的项目类型之一。通过建构科层理性与关系理性为分析工具,以中原M县科技局奖励项目治理为场域,解读基层治理逻辑。研究发现:科层制治理工具被超越;基层治理遵从形式合理;关系理性消解了结果合理,造成扶贫资源异化为政治资本、扶贫资源异化为行政激励或私人资源、贫困村与非贫困村倒置加剧的后果;在关系理性维度中,"规避风险"和"完成任务"维度缺失,面向上价值型关系理性居于首位,"政绩"优先于面向下价值型关系理性,"惯习"被其他维度覆盖,在面向下价值型关系理性维度内"平衡"优先。     

Fatal exsanguination following complete transection of femoral vessels due to angle grinder injury in an industrial accident

Angle grinders are one of the most dangerous and frequently used tools in industrial settings. Angle grinder injuries range from superficial cuts to deep penetrating injuries with underlying fracture-dislocation and vascular trauma. The injuries caused by angle grinders mostly involve the head, face, or upper limbs, while the lower limb is an unusual site. The high-speed rotating disc of the angle grinders does not respect anatomical boundaries or structures; therefore, the injuries caused may be disfiguring, permanently incapacitating, or even fatal. We report a fatal case of an angle grinder injury to the lower limb. The victim sustained a sharp cut over the left thigh while woodworking in an industrial setup. The rotating disc of an angle grinder had transected the skin, subcutaneous fat and muscles, and both the femoral vessels of the left side, which led to fatal exsanguination within 10 min of the incident.     

Trade and Industrial Policy as Levers for Sustainable Energy Technology Adoption? Experiences from Urban Latin America

Debates abound regarding the link between trade and industrial policy and the adoption of sustainable energy technologies in developing countries. Some purport that open trade regimes support technology diffusion, while others indicate that more interventionist regimes are more conducive. This paper uses empirical evidence from Mexico City and São Paulo to argue that sustainable energy technology uptake can be more prevalent in settings with partially open trade policy regimes. These regimes have afforded countries more opportunities to develop local capabilities, which, in turn, has had knock‐on effects on sustainable energy technology uptake. Specifically, having more local technology sources (equipment, expertise) brought quicker access to these technologies, created more perceptions of technology “ownership,” fostered more effective mobilization, and helped create well‐established standards, which in turn contributed positively to sustainable energy technology uptake, while taxes and tariffs were less influential.     

Globalization and Divergent Paths of Industrial Development: Mobile Phone Manufacturing in China,Japan, South Korea and Taiwan

Globalisation has challenged the way industrial development takes place. Fragmented and decentralised global production and the rapid growth of consumer markets in emerging economies demand a more sophisticated framework to analyse development paths than does the dichotomy of export orientation and import substitution. This article proposes a typology based on (a) specialisation in the global value chain and (b) market orientation to distinguish different development trajectories and then applies the typology to mobile phone manufacturing in four East Asian countries. This study finds that globalisation does not lead to the convergence of development paths, but promotes cross-national divergence depending on countries’ positions in the value chain and market niches. Both Korea and Taiwan emerge as key players in global markets, yet in different parts of the global value chain. Their common orientation toward global markets strikingly contrasts the inability of Japanese firms to translate their domestic success overseas. Finally, Chinese firms concurrently engage in different development paths, making the country’s multi-path approach unique. The implications of these findings are discussed in terms of industrial development in East Asia in an era of globalisation.     

工伤赔偿与民事侵权赔偿的关系——从司法审判的角度审视

现代工业社会,工伤是经常发生的侵害劳动者权益的问题。工伤赔偿与民事赔偿请求权竞合时给司法审判带来了困难。理性处理二者的关系是和谐社会的必然要求。未来工伤保险立法必须对工伤保险赔偿与民事侵权赔偿之间的适用关系做出明确的界定,应根据工伤发生的原因而适用不同的处理模式。     

浅谈我国中小企业财务管理存在的问题与对策

中小企业是国民经济的重要组成部分,对一国的经济发展和社会稳定起着重要的作用。然而,现阶段我国的中小企业局限于生产经营型管理格局之中,财务管理和风险控制的作用没有得到充分发挥,融资难、担保难。分析我国中小企业财务管理中存在的主要问题,选择适当的财务战略、投资方式,强化资金管理和财会队伍建设,才能从根本上提高中小企业财务管理能力。     

论推进民营企业自主创新

民营企业是我国市场经济中最具活力的部分。推进民营企业自主创新,是加速我国经济社会发展、提升我国国际竞争力的迫切需要。要通过制度创新,增强民营企业的创新意识,改善民营企业自主创新的社会环境、政策环境和法治环境,提升民营企业的自主创新能力。     

产业集群发展中的政府治理

产业集群是一种新型的产业组织形式,治理是地方政府作用于产业集群的有效方式。产业集群的政府治理是市场经济条件下政府经济职能在产业集群发展中的表现。它主要表现在以下三个方面:完善市场机制,激活中间体组织的治理功能,转变政府职能、提供公共产品和服务。